Berita palsu

Berita palsu^[a] adalah informasi tak benar yang disajikan sebagai berita.^[3]^[4]^[5] Hal ini berbeda dengan berita satir yang bertujuan untuk komedi satir dan pemirsanya menyadari bahwa berita tersebut tidak benar (atau separuh benar) dan hanyalah lelucon.

Berita palsu sering kali memiliki tujuan untuk mencemarkan nama baik seseorang atau entitas, atau mendapatkan uang melalui pendapatan periklanan.^[6]^[7]^[8]

Sempat umum dalam bentuk cetakan, keberadaan berita palsu telah meningkat dengan kebangkitan media sosial, khususnya Facebook News Feed.^[6]^[9]^[10]

Sejarah

Abad ke-21

Donald Trump

Catatan

^ Juga disebut berita sampah, pseudo-berita, fakta alternatif, kabar palsu atau berita bohong (hoaks).^[1]^[2]

Sumber

Artikel ini mengandung teks dari karya konten bebas. Licensed under CC BY SA 3.0 IGO License statement: World Trends in Freedom of Expression and Media Development Global Report 2017/2018, 202, University of Oxford, UNESCO. Untuk mengetahui cara menambahkan teks berlisensi terbuka ke artikel Wikipedia, baca Wikipedia:Menambahkan teks berlisensi terbuka ke Wikipedia. Untuk informasi tentang mendaur ulang teks dari Wikipedia, baca ketentuan penggunaan.

Referensi

^ Bartolotta, Devin (9 December 2016), "Hillary Clinton Warns About Hoax News On Social Media", WJZ-TV, diakses tanggal 11 December 2016
^ Wemple, Erik (8 December 2016), "Facebook's Sheryl Sandberg says people don't want 'hoax' news. Really?", The Washington Post, diakses tanggal 11 December 2016
^ Tufekci, Zeynep (January 16, 2018). "It's the (Democracy-Poisoning) Golden Age of Free Speech". Wired.
^ Leonhardt, David; Thompson, Stuart A. (June 23, 2017). "Trump's Lies". New York Times. Diakses tanggal June 23, 2017.
^ Higdon, Nolan (2020-08-15). "The Anatomy of Fake News: A Critical News Literacy Education". University of California Press (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2020-09-12.
^ ^a ^b Hunt, Elle (December 17, 2016). "What is fake news? How to spot it and what you can do to stop it". The Guardian. Diakses tanggal January 15, 2017.
^ Schlesinger, Robert (April 14, 2017). "Fake News in Reality". U.S. News & World Report.
^ "The Real Story of 'Fake News': The term seems to have emerged around the end of the 19th century". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved October 13, 2017.
^ Soll, Jacob (2016-12-18). "The Long and Brutal History of Fake News". POLITICO Magazine (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2019-03-25.
^ Himma-Kadakas, Marju (July 2017). "Alternative facts and fake news entering journalistic content production cycle". Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal. 9 (2): 25–41. doi:10.5130/ccs.v9i2.5469 .

Bacaan tambahan

AP Not Real News weekly roundup of the most popular, but completely untrue, headlines of the week.
NYPR On The Media weekly media criticism and analysis.
"Inside a Fake News Sausage Factory: 'This Is All About Income'" The New York Times November 25, 2016
An online journal for Paul Horner and all of his hoaxes and fake news over the past 20 years
Elizabeth Schumacher (January 4, 2018). "Fake news 'casts wide net but has little effect'". Deutsche Welle.
Bounegru, Liliana; Gray, Jonathan; Venturini, Tommaso; Mauri, Michele (January 8, 2018). A Field Guide to "Fake News" and Other Information Disorders. Amsterdam: Public Data Lab. An open access guide exploring the use of digital methods to study false viral news, political memes, trolling practices and their social life online.
Young, Kevin (2017). Bunk: The Rise of Hoaxes, Humbug, Plagiarists, Phonies, Post-Facts, and Fake News. Graywolf Press. ISBN 978-1555977917.
Robson, David (2019-04-01). "Why smart people are more likely to believe fake news". The Guardian.

Pranala luar

"Fake+news", Core.ac.uk, Open access research papers

[3] Juga disebut berita sampah, pseudo-berita, fakta alternatif, kabar palsu atau berita bohong (hoaks).^[1]^[2]

[1] Bartolotta, Devin (9 December 2016), "Hillary Clinton Warns About Hoax News On Social Media", WJZ-TV, diakses tanggal 11 December 2016

[2] Wemple, Erik (8 December 2016), "Facebook's Sheryl Sandberg says people don't want 'hoax' news. Really?", The Washington Post, diakses tanggal 11 December 2016

[wired.com-4] Tufekci, Zeynep (January 16, 2018). "It's the (Democracy-Poisoning) Golden Age of Free Speech". Wired.

[NYT-20170623-5] Leonhardt, David; Thompson, Stuart A. (June 23, 2017). "Trump's Lies". New York Times. Diakses tanggal June 23, 2017.

[6] Higdon, Nolan (2020-08-15). "The Anatomy of Fake News: A Critical News Literacy Education". University of California Press (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2020-09-12.

[Guardian12.17.16-7] Hunt, Elle (December 17, 2016). "What is fake news? How to spot it and what you can do to stop it". The Guardian. Diakses tanggal January 15, 2017.

[USNewsWR-8] Schlesinger, Robert (April 14, 2017). "Fake News in Reality". U.S. News & World Report.

[9] "The Real Story of 'Fake News': The term seems to have emerged around the end of the 19th century". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved October 13, 2017.

[10] Soll, Jacob (2016-12-18). "The Long and Brutal History of Fake News". POLITICO Magazine (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2019-03-25.

[11] Himma-Kadakas, Marju (July 2017). "Alternative facts and fake news entering journalistic content production cycle". Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal. 9 (2): 25–41. doi:10.5130/ccs.v9i2.5469 .

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