Dinasti Hammudiyah

Dinasti Hammudiyah (bahasa Arab: بنو حمود, translit. Banū Ḥammūd)) adalah sebuah keluarga Arab Muslim^[1]^[2] yang sempat memerintah Kekhalifahan Córdoba^[3]^[4] dan taifa Málaga dan Algeciras dan kendali nominal di Ceuta.^[1]

Dinasti

Dinasti ini dinamai menurut leluhur mereka, Hammud, keturunan Idris bin Abdallah, pendiri dinasti Idrisiyah dan cicit Hasan, putra Fatima dan Ali dan cucu nabi Islam, Muhammad.^[5] Ketika Sulayman bin al-Hakam mengukir tanah Andalusia untuk sekutu Berber-nya, dua anggota keluarga Hammudiyah diberi jabatan gubernur Algeciras, Ceuta dan Tangier. Dengan demikian, Hammudiyah memperoleh kendali atas lalu lintas melintasi Selat Gibraltar, tiba-tiba menjadi kekuatan yang kuat. Mengklaim bertindak atas nama Hisyam II yang digulingkan, gubernur Hammudiyah dari Ceuta Ali bin Hammud al-Nasir berbaris menuju Córdoba pada tahun 1016, di mana ia dimahkotai sebagai Khalifah.

Pada tahun 1056, Khalifah Hammudiyah terakhir digulingkan, dan Málaga pun jatuh ke tangan Ziriyyah dari Granada,^[6] yang sebelumnya merupakan pendukung Hammudiyah yang paling penting. Keluarga Hammudi kemudian dipaksa untuk menetap di Ceuta.

Referensi

^ ^a ^b Viguera-Molins 2010, hlm. 26-27.
^ Bosworth 2004, hlm. 15.
^ Lane-Poole (1894), p.21
^ Altamira, Rafael (1999). "Il califfato occidentale". Storia del mondo medievale. II. hlm. 477–515.
^ Hammudids, A. Huici Miranda, The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. III, ed. B. Lewis, V.L. Menage, C. Pellat and J. Schacht, (Brill, 1986), 147;"HAMMUDIDS, dynasty which reigned over various towns in Muslim Spain from 407/1016 till 450/1058. Sulayman al-Musta'm [q.v.], on his second succession to the caliphal throne in Shawwal 4O3/ May 1013, had to distribute large fiefs among the Berbers who had raised him to power. He allotted to 'Ali b. Hammud the governorship of Ceuta and to his brother al-Kasim that of Algeciras, Tangier, and Arzila. The two were genuine Idrisids [q.v.], their great-grandfather Hammud being the great-grandson of Idris II."
^ Collins 2012, hlm. 203.

Bibliografi

Scales, Peter (1994). The Fall of the Caliphate of Cordoba: Berbers and Andalusis in Conflict. II. BRILL. hlm. 38–109 & 142–182. ISBN 9789004098688.
Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (2004). The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual. Edinburgh University Press. hlm. 14–16. ISBN 9780748621378. ..or were Berberised Arabs like the Hammudids...
Lane-Poole, Stanley (1894). The Mohammadan Dynasties: Chronological and Genealogical Tables with Historicals Introductions. Constable. hlm. 23–25. ISBN 9781402166662.
Viguera-Molins, María (2010). "Al-Andalus and the Maghrib (from the fifth/eleventh century to the fall of the Almoravids)". Dalam Fierro, Maribel. The New Cambridge History of Islam, Volume 2: The Western Islamic World, Eleventh to Eighteenth Centuries. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 19–47. ISBN 978-0-521-83957-0. To this list we might add the enclave of the Berberised Arab Hammudids...

Collins, Roger (2012). Caliphs and Kings: Spain 796-1031. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 9781118273999.

— Anggota kerajaan — Dinasti Hammudiyah
Didahului oleh: Dinasti Umayyah	Khalifah Córdoba 1016–1023 1025–1027	Diteruskan oleh: Dinasti Umayyah (dipulihkan)
Jabatan baru	Raja-raja Taifa Málaga 1026–1057	Dianeksasi ke Taifa Granada
Jabatan baru	Raja-raja Taifa Ceuta 1009–1055	Digantikan oleh Barghawāṭa
Jabatan baru	Raja-raja Taifa Algeciras 1039–1058	Dianeksasi ke Taifa Sevila

[FOOTNOTEViguera-Molins201026-27-1] Viguera-Molins 2010, hlm. 26-27.

[FOOTNOTEBosworth200415-2] Bosworth 2004, hlm. 15.

[LP_21-3] Lane-Poole (1894), p.21

[4] Altamira, Rafael (1999). "Il califfato occidentale". Storia del mondo medievale. II. hlm. 477–515.

[5] Hammudids, A. Huici Miranda, The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. III, ed. B. Lewis, V.L. Menage, C. Pellat and J. Schacht, (Brill, 1986), 147;"HAMMUDIDS, dynasty which reigned over various towns in Muslim Spain from 407/1016 till 450/1058. Sulayman al-Musta'm [q.v.], on his second succession to the caliphal throne in Shawwal 4O3/ May 1013, had to distribute large fiefs among the Berbers who had raised him to power. He allotted to 'Ali b. Hammud the governorship of Ceuta and to his brother al-Kasim that of Algeciras, Tangier, and Arzila. The two were genuine Idrisids [q.v.], their great-grandfather Hammud being the great-grandson of Idris II."

[FOOTNOTECollins2012203-6] Collins 2012, hlm. 203.

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