Retrotransposon
Retrotransposon atau Class I transposable elements adalah jenis transposon (elemen yang dapat berpindah) yang bergerak pada genom inang dengan mengubah RNA mereka yang telah tertranskripsi menanjadi DNA melalui transkripsi balik.[1] Dengan demikian, mereka dibedakan dari Class II transposable elements, atau transposon DNA, dalam penggunaan intermediat RNA untuk transposisi, serta meninggalkansitus donor transposisi tanpa perubahan.[2]
Melalui transkripsi balik, retrotransposon mengamplifikasi mereka sendiri dengan cepat hingga jumlah yang banyak pada genom-enom eukariotik seperti jagung (49–78%)[3] dan manusia (42%).[4] Mereka hanya dapat ditemukan pada eukariota namun memiliki beberapa kesamaan ciri dengan retrovirus seperti HIV. Contohnya adalah rekombinasi ekstrakromosom diskontinu yang termediasi oleh transkriptase balik.[5][6]
Referensi
- ^ Dombroski BA, Feng Q, Mathias SL, Sassaman DM, Scott AF, Kazazian HH, Boeke JD (July 1994). "An in vivo assay for the reverse transcriptase of human retrotransposon L1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 14 (7): 4485–92. doi:10.1128/mcb.14.7.4485. PMC 358820. PMID 7516468.
- ^ Craig, Nancy Lynn (2015). Mobile DNA III. Washington (D.C.): ASM press. ISBN 978-1-55581-920-0.
- ^ SanMiguel P, Bennetzen JL (1998). "Evidence that a recent increase in maize genome size was caused by the massive amplification of intergene retrotranposons". Annals of Botany. 82 (Suppl A): 37–44. Bibcode:1998AnBot..82...37S. doi:10.1006/anbo.1998.0746.
- ^ Lander ES, Linton LM, Birren B, Nusbaum C, Zody MC, Baldwin J, et al. (February 2001). "Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome". Nature. 409 (6822): 860–921. Bibcode:2001Natur.409..860L. doi:10.1038/35057062. hdl:2027.42/62798. PMID 11237011.
- ^ Sanchez DH, Gaubert H, Drost HG, Zabet NR, Paszkowski J (November 2017). "High-frequency recombination between members of an LTR retrotransposon family during transposition bursts". Nature Communications. 8 (1) 1283. Bibcode:2017NatCo...8.1283S. doi:10.1038/s41467-017-01374-x. PMC 5668417. PMID 29097664.
- ^ Drost HG, Sanchez DH (December 2019). "Becoming a Selfish Clan: Recombination Associated to Reverse-Transcription in LTR Retrotransposons". Genome Biology and Evolution. 11 (12): 3382–3392. doi:10.1093/gbe/evz255. PMC 6894440. PMID 31755923.
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