Neoptera
| Neoptera | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Videnskabelig klassifikation | |
| Rige | Animalia (Dyr) |
| Række | Arthropoda (Leddyr) |
| Klasse | Insecta (Insekter) |
| Underklasse | Pterygota |
| Infraklasse | Neoptera (insekter med vinger, der kan foldes fladt over ryggen) |
| Hjælp til læsning af taksobokse | |
Neoptera (oldgræsk néos (“ny”) + pteron (“vinge”)) er en infraklasse af insekter, der omfatter de fleste ordener af vingede insekter, specifikt dem, der kan folde deres vinger over ryggen. Dette er i modsætning til de mere basale ordener af vingede insekter (Palaeoptera-divisionen), som ikke er i stand til at bøje deres vinger på denne måde.
Taksonet Neoptera blev foreslået af А.М. Martynov i 1923 og 1924.[1][2]
Slægtskabsforhold
Neopteras fylogeni er ikke fuldstændigt løst. Et kladogram baseret på morfologiske karakteristika gengives her ifølge Kluge 2004, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2019 og 2020.[3][4][5]
Dette stemmer ikke overens med fylogeni baseret på molekylære (DNA) data udarbejdet af f.eks. Song et al 2016 for Polyneoptera, som inkluderer Zoraptera i denne klade,[6] eller f.eks. af Kjer et al 2016 for Endopterygota.[7]
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Referencer
- ^ Martynov, A. V. (1923). "О двух основных типах крыльев насекомых и их значении для общей классификаци насекомых" [On the two main types of insect wings and their significance for the general classification of insects]. Proceedings of the I All-Russian Congress of Zoologists, Anatomists and Histologists in Petrograd on 15-21 December 1922: 88-89.
- ^ Martynov, A. V. (1924). "О двух типах крыльев насекомых и их эволюции" [There are two types of drug addicts and evolutionists]. Russian Zoological Journal. 4 (1, 2): 155-185.
- ^ Kluge, Nikita J. (2004). "Larval/pupal leg transformation and a new diagnosis for the taxon Metabola Burmeister, 1832 = Oligoneoptera Martynov, 1923" (PDF). Russian Entomological Journal. 13 (4): 189-229.
- ^ Kluge, Nikita J. (2010). "Circumscriptional names of higher taxa in Hexapoda" (PDF). Bionomina. 1: 15-55.
- ^ Kluge, Nikita J. (2012). "General System of Neoptera with Description of a New Species of Embioptera" (PDF). Russian Entomological Journal. 21 (4): 371-384. Further material from Kluge is available at Tegminoptera & Calyptroptera 2013 Tetrastigmoptera 2019 Insect systematics and principles of cladoendesis.
- ^ Song, Nan; Li, Hu; Song, Fan; Cai, Wanzhi (26. oktober 2016). "Molecular phylogeny of Polyneoptera (Insecta) inferred from expanded mitogenomic data". Scientific Reports. 6 (1). doi:10.1038/srep36175. ISSN 2045-2322.
- ^ Kjer, Karl M.; Simon, Chris; Yavorskaya, Margarita & Beutel, Rolf G. (2016). "Progress, pitfalls and parallel universes: a history of insect phylogenetics". Journal of the Royal Society Interface. 13 (121): 121. doi:10.1098/rsif.2016.0363. PMC 5014063. PMID 27558853.
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