Overview of the events of 1812 in science
The year 1812 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Chemistry
Geophysics
Medicine
Paleontology
Technology
February 27 – British poet Lord Byron gives his first address as a member of the House of Lords , in defense of Luddite violence against Industrialism in his home county of Nottinghamshire .
March 15 – Luddites attack the wool factory of Frank Vickerman in West Yorkshire , England.
May 25 – Felling mine disaster : Coal mine explosion at Felling colliery near Jarrow , England – 96 dead. In the aftermath, physician William Reid Clanny invents a miners' safety lamp .[ 8] [ 9]
August – Henry Bell 's PS Comet begins a passenger service on the River Clyde in Scotland , the first commercially successful steamboat service in Europe.[ 10]
August 12 – The Middleton Railway , serving coal pits at Leeds in England, becomes the first to use steam locomotives successfully in regular service. The first locomotive, Salamanca cylinders and has a rack railway mechanism devised by John Blenkinsop and built by Matthew Murray .[ 11]
August 19 – War of 1812 : USS Constitution defeats the British frigate Guerrière Nova Scotia . British shot is said to have bounced off Constitution' s sides, earning her the nickname "Old Ironsides".
Philippe Girard invents a flax -spinning machine.[ 12]
The Old Oscar Pepper Distillery (the modern-day Labrot & Graham Distillery ), the oldest Kentucky Bourbon whiskey distillery, is established along Glenn's Creek in Woodford County, Kentucky .
Awards
Births
Deaths
References
^ Davy, John (6 February 1812). "On a gaseous Compound of carbonic Oxide and Chlorine" . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 102 . London: 144– 151. doi :10.1098/rstl.1812.0008 JSTOR 107310 . ^ Vogel (1812). "Sur le sucre liquide d'amidon, et sur la transmutation des matières douces en sucre fermentescible" (On the liquid sugar of starch, and on the transformation of sweet materials into fermentable sugars). Annales de chemie et de physique series 1 82 : 148–164, especially pp. 156–158; "Ueber die Verwandlung der Stärke und andrer Körper in Zucker" (On the conversion of starches and other substances into sugar). Annalen der Physik new series 42 :123–134, especially pp. 129–131.
^ Campion, E.; et al. (2010). "The Journal from 1812 to 1989" . The New England Journal of Medicine . 363 (12): 1175– 1176. doi :10.1056/nejme1009367 PMID 20843253 . ^ Parkinson, J. (1812). "Case of diseased appendix vermiformis" . Medico-Chirurgical Transactions . 3 : 57– 58. doi :10.1177/095952871200300105 . PMC 2128895 PMID 20895178 . ^ Hellemans, Alexander; Bunch, Bryan (1988). The Timetables of Science . Simon & Schuster . p. 261. ISBN 0671621300 ^ du Preez, Hercules Michael (2008-01-14). "Dr James Barry: The early years revealed" . South African Medical Journal 98 (4). Archived from the original on 2012-02-20. Retrieved 2008-04-03 . ^ von Sömmerring, S. T. (1812). "Über einen Ornithocephalus oder über das unbekannten Thier der Vorwelt, dessen Fossiles Gerippe Collini im 5. Bande der Actorum Academiae Theodoro-Palatinae nebst einer Abbildung in natürlicher Grösse im Jahre 1784 beschrieb, und welches Gerippe sich gegenwärtig in der Naturalien-Sammlung der königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu München befindet". Denkschriften der Königlichen Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-physikalische Classe . 3 . München: 89– 158. ^ Bettany, George Thomas (1885–1900). "Clanny, William Reid" Dictionary of National Biography ^ Clanny, William Reid (1816). "An account of the trial of Dr Reid Clanny's lamp in some Newcastle coal mines" . Annals of Philosophy . VII : 368– 373. ^ McCrorie, Ian (1986). Clyde Pleasure Steamers . Greenock: Orr, Pollock & Co. Ltd. ISBN 1-869850-00-9 ^ Bushell, J. (1975). The World's Oldest Railway: a history of the Middleton Railway . Sheffield: Turntable Publications. ISBN 0-902844-27-X ^ Grun, Bernard (1991). "1812" The Timetables of History (3rd ed.). New York: Simon and Schuster. p. 381. ISBN 0-671-74919-6 ^ "Copley Medal | British scientific award" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 21 July 2020 .
