The 2016–17 Al-Taawoun season was the club's 61st season in existence and its 9th (non-consecutive) season in the top tier of Saudi Arabian football. This season, Al-Taawoun participated in the Pro League for the seventh consecutive season as well as the King Cup and Crown Prince Cup. The season covered the period from 1 July 2016 to 30 June 2017. The club also entered the 2017 AFC Champions League at the group stage.
Updated to match(es) played on 4 May 2017. Source: slstat.com Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head points; 3) Head-to-head goal difference; 4) Total goal difference; 5) Total goals scored; 6) Play-off (only for deciding champion, relegation and AFC competitions participation).[30] Notes:
^Al-Faisaly finished ahead of Al-Qadisiyah on head-to-head points: Al-Qadisiyah 1–1 Al-Faisaly, Al-Faisaly 3–2 Al-Qadisiyah
Al-Taawoun qualified for the Group Stage of the 2016–17 AFC Champions League by finishing fourth in the 2015–16 Saudi Professional League. It is their first participation in this competition.