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Châteauroux

Châteauroux
Prefecture and commune
St. Andrew's Church
St. Andrew's Church
Flag of Châteauroux
Flag
Coat of arms of Châteauroux
Coat of arms
Location of Châteauroux
Map
Châteauroux is located in France
Châteauroux
Châteauroux
Châteauroux is located in Centre-Val de Loire
Châteauroux
Châteauroux
Coordinates: 46°48′37″N 1°41′28″E / 46.8103°N 1.6911°E / 46.8103; 1.6911
CountryFrance
RegionCentre-Val de Loire
DepartmentIndre
ArrondissementChâteauroux
CantonChâteauroux-1, 2 and 3
IntercommunalityCA Châteauroux Métropole
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Gil Avérous[1]
Area
1
25.54 km2 (9.86 sq mi)
Population
 (2021)[2]
42,968
 • Density1,700/km2 (4,400/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
36044 /36008
Elevation132–164 m (433–538 ft)
(avg. 154 m or 505 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Châteauroux (/ˌʃætoʊˈruː/ SHAT-oh-ROO; French pronunciation: [ʃɑtoʁu] ⓘ; Occitan: Chasteurós) is the capital city of the French department of Indre,[3] central France and the second-largest town in the province of Berry, after Bourges. Its residents are called Castelroussins (pronounced [kastɛlʁusɛ̃]) in French.

Climate

Châteauroux temperatures range from an average January low of 0.8 °C (33 °F) to an average August high of 25.1 °C (77 °F).

Climate data for Châteauroux Déols (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1893–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 18.6
(65.5) 		24.0
(75.2) 		28.0
(82.4) 		31.
(88) 		34.5
(94.1) 		39.6
(103.3) 		41.4
(106.5) 		40.5
(104.9) 		38.0
(100.4) 		32.2
(90.0) 		24.5
(76.1) 		20.5
(68.9) 		41.4
(106.5)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 7.7
(45.9) 		9.1
(48.4) 		13.2
(55.8) 		16.3
(61.3) 		20.
(68) 		23.8
(74.8) 		26.4
(79.5) 		26.4
(79.5) 		22.3
(72.1) 		17.3
(63.1) 		11.5
(52.7) 		8.2
(46.8) 		16.9
(62.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) 4.7
(40.5) 		5.2
(41.4) 		8.4
(47.1) 		10.9
(51.6) 		14.6
(58.3) 		18.2
(64.8) 		20.4
(68.7) 		20.4
(68.7) 		16.7
(62.1) 		12.9
(55.2) 		8.0
(46.4) 		5.1
(41.2) 		12.1
(53.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 1.7
(35.1) 		1.3
(34.3) 		3.5
(38.3) 		5.4
(41.7) 		9.1
(48.4) 		12.6
(54.7) 		14.5
(58.1) 		14.4
(57.9) 		11.0
(51.8) 		8.5
(47.3) 		4.5
(40.1) 		2.1
(35.8) 		7.4
(45.3)
Record low °C (°F) −22.8
(−9.0) 		−22.8
(−9.0) 		−10.8
(12.6) 		−5.6
(21.9) 		−1.4
(29.5) 		1.2
(34.2) 		4.0
(39.2) 		4.5
(40.1) 		0.0
(32.0) 		−5.2
(22.6) 		−8.7
(16.3) 		−17.0
(1.4) 		−22.8
(−9.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 57.5
(2.26) 		46.5
(1.83) 		50.4
(1.98) 		65.5
(2.58) 		72.6
(2.86) 		58.3
(2.30) 		56.7
(2.23) 		56.9
(2.24) 		59.5
(2.34) 		71.9
(2.83) 		65.6
(2.58) 		67.2
(2.65) 		728.6
(28.69)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 10.9 9.1 9.3 10.1 10.3 8.3 7.7 6.8 7.6 10.6 11.5 11.2 113.6
Average snowy days 3.3 3.4 1.9 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.3 2.7 13.4
Average relative humidity (%) 88 85 79 75 76 74 69 70 76 84 88 88 79.3
Mean monthly sunshine hours 68.7 96.8 158.3 186.0 213.3 217.9 243.0 239.7 194.5 129.1 81.5 62.7 1,891.3
Source 1: Meteociel[4]
Source 2: Infoclimat.fr (humidity and snowy days, 1961–1990)[5]

History

The old town, close to the river, forms a nucleus around which a newer and more extensive quarter, bordered by boulevards, has grown up. The suburbs of St. Christophe and Déols lie on the right bank of the Indre. The castle from which the city takes its name was built in the latter part of the 10th century by Raoul, prince of Déols.[3]

From 920 to 1008, the Norman raids forced the monks of the abbey of Saint-Gildas-de-Rhuys, founded in Brittany by Saint Gildas, to bring his relics to the abbey of Saint-Gildas of Châteauroux that they founded under the protection of the prince Ebbes of Déols, father of Raoul. During the Middle Ages, it was the seat of a seigniory. It was passed to the Chauvigny from 1207 to 1473. It was raised to the rank of countship in 1497 for Jean V d'Aumont.[3]

In 1616, when it was held by Henry II, Prince of Condé, it was raised to the rank of duchy. In 1736, it returned to the crown. It was given to Marie Anne de Mailly-Nesle, duchess of Châteauroux, by Louis XV in 1744.[3] The present Château Raoul [fr] housing the préfecture offices dates from the 15th century.

Awards

Châteauroux is one of the communes awarded the grand prize by the Concours National des Villes et Villages Fleuris, a beautification initiative begun in 1959.

Monuments

  • Château Raoul, 15th century[6]
  • Church of St. André, 19th century[7]
  • Church of St. Martial, 12th-16th century[8]
  • Église Notre-Dame, 19th century[9]
  • Convent of the Cordeliers, 13th century[10]
  • Equinoxe
  • La Prairie St. Gildas
  • Le Parc de loisirs de Belle-Isle
  • Le Tarmac
  • Musée Bertrand
  • Musée des Arts et Traditions Populaires
  • Musée du Compagnonnage
  • Public Garden and the Jardins des Cordeliers
  • Quartier St. Christophe

Sports

La Berrichonne de Châteauroux is the town's football club based in Châteauroux, founded in 1883. The team currently plays in National, the third division of French football, and played only one season in Ligue 1 in 1997–98. Châteauroux reached the final of the 2003–04 Coupe de France, where they were defeated 1–0 by Paris Saint-Germain, qualifying for the following season's UEFA Cup. The team plays its home fixtures at the 17,173-capacity Stade Gaston Petit.

As Chateauroux was an Air Force base from 1952 until 1967, American football was played in Chateauroux by a team called Sabres. "Sabres" was one of the best European military teams, playing against other French and German teams. Local French people created a football club in the French American football championship. The name chosen is "Sabres", to celebrate the pioneers, to pay homage to the Americans who were the first.

The National Shooting Centre at Châteauroux hosted the shooting events for the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris.[11][12]

Festivals

  • Bals'arts
  • Festival Country Good Old Days Châteauroux
  • Festival de théâtre "les Nocthalies"
  • Festival Multirythmes
  • Festival Populaire du Folklore
  • Forum des associations
  • La Biennale de Céramique contemporaine
  • La Châteauroux Classic d'Indre Trophée Fenioux
  • Les Litztomanias
  • Rock à Belle-Isle
  • Salon du livre de Châteauroux
  • Stage festival de danse de Châteauroux (DARC)
  • Vendredi...Musique

Transport

Direct services from Châteauroux railway station connect Paris, Orléans, Limoges, Toulouse, and several other regional destinations. The A20 motorway connects Châteauroux with Vierzon, Brive-la-Gaillarde, and Toulouse.

The city offers free public transportation since 2001.[13] Total ridership is up 208% between 2001 and 2012.[14]

The city is served by Châteauroux-Centre "Marcel Dassault" Airport, which is in the commune of Déols to the North. The airport is used mainly for cargo, maintenance, training, and light aviation but also serves seasonal charter services.

Notable people

Born in Châteauroux

Others associated with the area

International relations

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in France

Châteauroux is twinned with:[15]

Population

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1793 7,503—    
1800 8,049+1.01%
1806 8,512+0.94%
1821 10,429+1.36%
1831 11,587+1.06%
1836 13,847+3.63%
1841 13,551−0.43%
1846 14,517+1.39%
1851 15,931+1.88%
1856 18,237+2.74%
1861 16,170−2.38%
1866 17,161+1.20%
1872 18,670+1.41%
1876 19,442+1.02%
1881 21,179+1.73%
1886 22,860+1.54%
1891 23,924+0.91%
1896 23,863−0.05%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901 24,957+0.90%
1906 25,437+0.38%
1911 26,095+0.51%
1921 26,566+0.18%
1926 25,806−0.58%
1931 26,707+0.69%
1936 28,578+1.36%
1946 34,611+1.93%
1954 36,420+0.64%
1962 45,063+2.70%
1968 49,138+1.45%
1975 53,429+1.20%
1982 51,942−0.40%
1990 50,969−0.24%
1999 49,632−0.29%
2007 47,127−0.65%
2012 44,960−0.94%
2017 43,741−0.55%
Source: EHESS[16] and INSEE (1968-2017)[17]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 2 December 2020.
  2. ^ "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
  3. ^ a b c d Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Châteauroux" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 964.
  4. ^ "Normales et records pour Châteauroux Déols (36)". Meteociel. Retrieved 21 November 2024.
  5. ^ "Normes et records 1961-1990: Châteauroux - Déols (36) - altitude 155m" (in French). Infoclimat. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  6. ^ Base Mérimée: Château Raoul, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
  7. ^ Base Mérimée: Eglise principale Saint-André, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
  8. ^ Base Mérimée: Eglise Saint-Martial, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
  9. ^ Base Mérimée: Eglise Notre-Dame, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
  10. ^ Base Mérimée: Ancien couvent des Cordeliers, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
  11. ^ "Paris 2024 – Shooting". Paris 2024. Retrieved 18 September 2022.
  12. ^ "How to qualify for shooting at Paris 2024. The Olympics qualification system explained". IOC. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
  13. ^ "What Really Happens When a City Makes Its Transit System Free? - Henry Grabar - The Atlantic Cities". M.theatlanticcities.com. Archived from the original on 3 February 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  14. ^ "Bilan de la gratuité 2001-2011 à Châteauroux". Scribd.com. 16 October 2012. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  15. ^ "Les cinq villes jumelles de Châteauroux". lanouvellerepublique.fr (in French). La Nouvelle Republique. 2 June 2019. Retrieved 20 November 2019.
  16. ^ Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Châteauroux, EHESS (in French).
  17. ^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
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