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Chuadanga District

Chuadanga
চুয়াডাঙ্গা
District of Bangladesh
Chuadanga District
Top: Bhangbaria in Alamdanga
Bottom: Distillery of Carew & Co.
Location of Chuadanga District in Bangladesh
Location of Chuadanga District in Bangladesh
Map
Expandable map of Chuadanga District
Coordinates: 23°36′N 88°42′E / 23.60°N 88.70°E / 23.60; 88.70
Country Bangladesh
DivisionKhulna
HeadquartersChuadanga
Government
 • Deputy CommissionerKissinger Chakma
Area
 • Total
1,174.10 km2 (453.32 sq mi)
Population
 (2022)[1]
 • Total
1,234,054
 • Density1,100/km2 (2,700/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+06:00 (BST)
Postal code
7200
Area code0761
ISO 3166 codeBD-12
HDI (2019)0.644[2]
medium · 5th of 20
Websitewww.chuadanga.gov.bd

Chuadanga (Bengali: চুয়াডাঙ্গা, romanized: tʃuaɖaŋga), is a district of the western Khulna Division of Bangladesh. It is bordered by the Indian state of West Bengal to the west, Meherpur District to the northwest, Jessore District to the south, Jhenaidah District to the east, and Kushtia District to the north. Before partition Chuadanga was one of the five subdivisions of Nadia district.[3]

History

Chuadanga witnessed a number of uprisings during the British rule of India. The uprisings included Wahabi Movement (1831), Faraizi Movement(1838–47), Sepoy Rebellion (1857), Indigo Rebellion (1859–60), Khilafat Movement (1920), Swadeshi Movement (1906), Non-cooperation movement, Violation of Law and Salt Satyagraha (1920–40), and Quit India Movement or August Revolt (1942).[4]

Under British rule, Chuadanga was a sub-division within Nadia District. During partition, in 1947, excepting Krishnaganj thana (still under Nadia in West Bengal), Chuadanga was incorporated into East Pakistan. History of Chuadanga can be found in Nadia District Gazetteer during British rule.[5] During Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971 Chuadanga was declared as the first capital of Bangladesh on 10 April. Chuadanga was the location of more than 100 battles between the Pakistan Army and the pro-independence Mukti Bahini.[4] There is a mass graveyard of the victims of the Bangladesh genocide during the Bangladesh Liberation war behind the Chuadanga Government Hospital.[4]

Geography

Chuadanga district has an area of 1,157.42 km2. It shares domestic borders with the Kushtia District on the northeast, Meherpur on the northwest,[6] and Jhenaidah on the south and southeast. On its southwest lies the Nadia District (in the state of West Bengal in India).[4] In January 2018, the district had the lowest temperature in Bangladesh.[7]

Administration

Until the Partition of India in 1947 Chuadanga sub-division was within Nadia district.

Deputy Commissioner (DC): Mohammad Aminul Islam Khan[8]

Subdivisions

Chuadanga district is divided into four Upazilas which run cities of the same name.

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1981 654,135—    
1991 807,164+2.12%
2001 1,007,130+2.24%
2011 1,129,015+1.15%
2022 1,234,054+0.81%
Sources:[1][10]

According to the 2022 Census of Bangladesh, Chuadanga District had 326,714 households and a population of 1,234,054 with an average 3.75 people per household. Among the population, 198,693 (16.10%) inhabitants were under 10 years of age. The population density was 1051 people per km2. Chuadanga District had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 71.20%, compared to the national average of 74.80%, and a sex ratio of 1031 females per 1000 males. Approximately, 24.37% of the population lived in urban areas. The ethnic population was 707.[1]

Religions in Chuadanga District (2022)[1]
Religion Percent
Islam
 
 97.61%
Hinduism
 
 2.25%
Christianity
 
 0.14%
Religion in present-day Chuadanga District
Religion 1941[11]: 84–85 [a] 1981[10] 1991[10] 2001[10] 2011[10] 2022[1]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
Islam 156,599 63.55% 626,376 95.76% 780,741 96.73% 979,612 97.27% 1,100,330 97.46% 1,204,617 97.61%
Hinduism 86,734 35.20% 25,511 3.90% 23,878 2.96% 25,500 2.53% 26,514 2.35% 27,804 2.25%
Tribal religion 2,009 0.82% — — — — — — — — — —
Christianity 989 0.40% 1,649 0.25% 1,752 0.22% 1,701 0.17% 1,593 0.14% 1605 0.13%
Others [b] 77 0.03% 599 0.09% 793 0.09% 317 0.03% 578 0.05% 28 ~0%
Total Population 246,408 100% 654,135 100% 807,164 100% 1,007,130 100% 1,129,015 100% 1,234,054 100%

In 2011, Muslims formed 97.46% of the population, Hindus 2.35%, and others 0.19%. There is a small population of 1,600 Christians mainly in Damurhuda Upazila.[10] Many people from Nadia of India, Munshiganj and Chandpur,Comilla settled in Chuadanga after 1947.

The population of the district was 987,382 during the 2001 national survey with 50.82% male and female 49.18% compositions.[4]

Economy

Thakurpur Pirganj Jame Mosque
Dargah of Khwajah Paresh in Jibannagar

Most of this small district is dedicated to agriculture. Occupational distributions clearly show this with agriculture employing 68% of the labour force, while only 12% are involved in commerce. Total cultivable land amounts to 894.20 km2, of which 57% is under some sort of irrigation.[4] Cotton is a cash crop grown in the district and in 2013, cotton was cultivated in 4149 hectares.[12]

Besides agriculture the district is now experiencing industrial growth. Major industries include Zaman Group of Industries, Bangas bread and biscuit, Tallu Spinning mills Ltd, Khatun Plastic Limited, and Carew & Company Bangladesh Limited. Carew & Co (Bangladesh) Ltd (1933), which is situated at Darshana of Damurhuda Upazila of Chuadanga district. Sugar cane is cultivated in Darshana.[13] Carew & Company has a distillery also which is the lone spirit producing plant of Bangladesh, Carew & Company Bangladesh Limited is an enterprise of Bangladesh Sugar & Food Industries Corporation (BSFIC). BSFIC is an autonomous body of Ministry of Industries.[14][15]

Transportation

Chuadanga is connected to four of its neighbouring districts (Kushtia, Jessore, Jhenidah and Meherpur) through inter-district highways and connected to Jessore, Jhenaidah and Kushtia by railway. The district is connected to the rest of the country by five highways and a railway. There are 203 km of finished road, 211 km herring-bone and 132 km mud road. A total length of railway tracks of just over 50 km connects the three railway stations inside the district with the country's railway network. By 2013, five out of the ten stations in the district were shut down due to a lack of manpower.[16]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ 1941 figures correspond to Chuadanga subdivision of estwhile Nadia district excluding Krishnaganj thana (which went to India). District and thana borders have shifted slightly since 1941.
  2. ^ Including Jainism, Christianity, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Ad-Dharmis, or not stated

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Population and Housing Census 2022 National Report (PDF). Vol. 1. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. November 2023.
  2. ^ "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  3. ^ "Nadia keeps a date with history". The Times of India. 19 August 2011. Retrieved 23 February 2022.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Ahmed, Rajib (2012). "Chuadanga District". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  5. ^ Nadia District Gazetteer.
  6. ^ "Meherpur women becoming solvent by rearing black Bengal goats". Dhaka Tribune. 7 March 2018. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
  7. ^ "Mercury may dip further". The Daily Star. 6 January 2018. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
  8. ^ "জেলা-প্রশাসক - চুয়াডাঙ্গা জেলা". chuadanga.gov.bd (in Bengali). Archived from the original on 20 March 2023. Retrieved 2 March 2022.
  9. ^ "উপজেলাসমূহ". bangladesh.gov.bd (in Bengali).
  10. ^ a b c d e f "Bangladesh Population and Housing Census 2011 Zila Report – Chuadanga" (PDF). bbs.gov.bd. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.
  11. ^ "Census of India, 1941 Volume VI Bengal Province" (PDF). Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  12. ^ "10 districts likely to have bumper cotton output". The Daily Star. 7 April 2013. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
  13. ^ "Sugarcane acreage falling on lower returns". The Daily Star. 21 December 2016. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
  14. ^ Alam, Niloy. "Carew: Serving liquor since 1897". Dhaka Tribune. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
  15. ^ Siddique, Abu. "Carew: The discreet distillery". Dhaka Tribune. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
  16. ^ "Half of Chuadanga rail stations shut down". The Daily Star. 5 August 2013. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
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