Copper(I) selenide

Copper(I) selenide
Names
	IUPAC name Copper(I) selenide
	Other names Cuprous selenide, dicopper selenide
Identifiers
CAS Number	20405-64-5;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	21170409;
ECHA InfoCard	100.039.799
EC Number	243-796-7;
PubChem CID	6914519;
UNII	44P3QN57K9;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6066606 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/2Cu.Se Key: KTLOQXXVQYUCJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N;
	SMILES [Cu].[Cu].[Se];
Properties
Chemical formula	Cu2Se
Molar mass	206.063 g·mol−1
Appearance	Dark blue, black
Density	6.84 g/mL
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H201, H331, H373, H410
Precautionary statements	P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P301+P310, P304+P340, P311, P314, P321, P330, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Copper(I) selenide is an inorganic binary compound between copper and selenium, with the chemical formula Cu₂Se.^[2]

Properties

Stoichiometric copper selenide is a zero-bandgap material with metal-like behavior.^[3] Copper-deficient Cu_2−xSe (non-stoichiometric) is an intrinsic p-type semiconductor with direct and indirect bandgap energies in the range of 2.1–2.3 eV and 1.2–1.4 eV respectively.^[4] It is frequently grown as nanoparticles or other nanostructures.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Uses

Copper(I) selenide is produced in situ to form a protective black coating on iron or steel parts in some cold-bluing processes.^[8] Bluing solutions that operate in this manner will typically be labeled as containing selenous acid or selenium dioxide.^[9]^[10] It has also been investigated for use in the treatment of colon cancer.^[6]

Natural occurrences

Copper selenides are the most common selenium minerals. Cu₂Se occurs as two polymorphs: berzelianite^[11] (isometric, more common) and bellidoite (tetragonal). There are more natural Cu selenides to date, including umangite, Cu₃Se₂ and athabascaite, Cu₅Se₄.^[12]

References

^ "Copper (I) selenide". Sigma-Aldrich. Retrieved 12 April 2016.
^ Lanling, Zhao; Wang, Xiaolin; F. Yun, Frank (5 February 2015). "The Effects of Te2− and I− Substitutions on the Electronic Structures, Thermoelectric Performance, and Hardness in Melt-Quenched Highly Dense Cu2-xSe". Advanced Electronic Materials. 1 (3). doi:10.1002/aelm.201400015. S2CID 137099918. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
^ Tyagi, Kriti; Gahtori, Bhasker (June 2015). "Enhanced thermoelectric performance of spark plasma sintered copper-deficient nanostructured copper selenide". Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. 81: 100–105. Bibcode:2015JPCS...81..100T. doi:10.1016/j.jpcs.2015.01.018.
^ C. Singh, Subhash (September 2018). "Structural and compositional control in copper selenide nanocrystals for light-induced self-repairable electrodes". Nano Energy. 51: 774–785. Bibcode:2018NEne...51..774S. doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.07.020. PMC 6100260. PMID 30177955.
^ Xiao, Guanjun; Ning, Jiajia; Liu, Zhaoyang; Sui, Yongming; Wang, Yingnan; Dong, Qingfeng; Tian, Wenjing; Liu, Bingbing; Zou, Guangtian (2012). "Solution synthesis of copper selenide nanocrystals and their electrical transport properties". CrystEngComm. 14 (6): 2139. doi:10.1039/c2ce06270d.
^ ^a ^b Hessel, Colin M.; Pattani, Varun P.; Rasch, Michael; Panthani, Matthew G.; Koo, Bonil; Tunnell, James W.; Korgel, Brian A. (2011-05-10). "Copper Selenide Nanocrystals for Photothermal Therapy". Nano Letters. 11 (6): 2560–2566. Bibcode:2011NanoL..11.2560H. doi:10.1021/nl201400z. PMC 3111000. PMID 21553924.
^ Patidar, D.; Saxena, N. S. (2012-03-15). "Characterization of single phase copper selenide nanoparticles and their growth mechanism". Journal of Crystal Growth. 343 (1): 68–72. Bibcode:2012JCrGr.343...68P. doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2012.01.026.
^ "Room Temperature Black Oxide". Archived from the original on 28 April 2016. Retrieved 12 April 2016.
^ "Insta-Blak 333 MSDS" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 April 2016. Retrieved 12 April 2016.
^ "Oxpho-Blue MSDS" (PDF). Retrieved 12 April 2016.
^ Harris, D. C.; Cabri, L. J.; Murray, E. J. (1970). "An occurrence of a sulphur-bearing berzelianite" (PDF). The Canadian Mineralogist: 737–740.
^ Harris, D. C.; Cabri, L. J.; Kaiman, S. (1970). "Athabascaite: A New Copper Selenide Mineral from Martin Lake, Saskatchewan". The Canadian Mineralogist. 10 (2): 207–215.

[1] "Copper (I) selenide". Sigma-Aldrich. Retrieved 12 April 2016.

[2] Lanling, Zhao; Wang, Xiaolin; F. Yun, Frank (5 February 2015). "The Effects of Te2− and I− Substitutions on the Electronic Structures, Thermoelectric Performance, and Hardness in Melt-Quenched Highly Dense Cu2-xSe". Advanced Electronic Materials. 1 (3). doi:10.1002/aelm.201400015. S2CID 137099918. Retrieved 28 June 2021.

[3] Tyagi, Kriti; Gahtori, Bhasker (June 2015). "Enhanced thermoelectric performance of spark plasma sintered copper-deficient nanostructured copper selenide". Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. 81: 100–105. Bibcode:2015JPCS...81..100T. doi:10.1016/j.jpcs.2015.01.018.

[4] C. Singh, Subhash (September 2018). "Structural and compositional control in copper selenide nanocrystals for light-induced self-repairable electrodes". Nano Energy. 51: 774–785. Bibcode:2018NEne...51..774S. doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.07.020. PMC 6100260. PMID 30177955.

[5] Xiao, Guanjun; Ning, Jiajia; Liu, Zhaoyang; Sui, Yongming; Wang, Yingnan; Dong, Qingfeng; Tian, Wenjing; Liu, Bingbing; Zou, Guangtian (2012). "Solution synthesis of copper selenide nanocrystals and their electrical transport properties". CrystEngComm. 14 (6): 2139. doi:10.1039/c2ce06270d.

[:1-6] Hessel, Colin M.; Pattani, Varun P.; Rasch, Michael; Panthani, Matthew G.; Koo, Bonil; Tunnell, James W.; Korgel, Brian A. (2011-05-10). "Copper Selenide Nanocrystals for Photothermal Therapy". Nano Letters. 11 (6): 2560–2566. Bibcode:2011NanoL..11.2560H. doi:10.1021/nl201400z. PMC 3111000. PMID 21553924.

[7] Patidar, D.; Saxena, N. S. (2012-03-15). "Characterization of single phase copper selenide nanoparticles and their growth mechanism". Journal of Crystal Growth. 343 (1): 68–72. Bibcode:2012JCrGr.343...68P. doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2012.01.026.

[8] "Room Temperature Black Oxide". Archived from the original on 28 April 2016. Retrieved 12 April 2016.

[9] "Insta-Blak 333 MSDS" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 April 2016. Retrieved 12 April 2016.

[10] "Oxpho-Blue MSDS" (PDF). Retrieved 12 April 2016.

[11] Harris, D. C.; Cabri, L. J.; Murray, E. J. (1970). "An occurrence of a sulphur-bearing berzelianite" (PDF). The Canadian Mineralogist: 737–740.

[Harris-12] Harris, D. C.; Cabri, L. J.; Kaiman, S. (1970). "Athabascaite: A New Copper Selenide Mineral from Martin Lake, Saskatchewan". The Canadian Mineralogist. 10 (2): 207–215.

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Copper(I) selenide

Properties

Uses

Natural occurrences

See also

References

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