A burgundy field with the coat of arms of Abruzzo in the centre. White represents the snowy mountains, green the hills of the region, and blue the Adriatic Sea.[1][2]
A white field with the words Regione Puglia ("Apulia Region") in gold letters at the top center, with the coat of arms of Apulia below; a green stripe towards the hoist-side, and a red stripe towards the fly-side.[3] The shield, mounted by the crown of Frederick II, is composed of six bezants (coins) at the top, representing the six provinces of Apulia; prior to the creation of the province of Barletta-Andria-Trani in 2009, there were only five bezants;[4][5] an octagon, representing the Castel del Monte built by Frederick II;[3] an olive tree, a symbol of peace and brotherhood and a common feature of the Apulian countryside.[3] The stripes of green and red, set against the white background, are a reference to the national flag of Italy.
The flag is the coat of arms of Basilicata superimposed on the a field of azure. An unofficial variant has "Regione Basilicata" above the coat of arms, a gold-bordered white shield with four blue waves, representing the four major rivers of the region: the Basento, Agri, Bradano and Sinni.[6][7]
The flag is the coat of arms of Calabria superimposed on the a field of blue, with the words "Regione Calabria" above and below the arms. The coat of arms, adopted on 15 June 1992, is a disc, quartered in saltire, with, clockwise from the top, a pine tree, a Teutonic cross, a light blue truncated Doric column and a Byzantine cross.[8][9]
The emblem of the region superimposed upon a field of white, with a red bar and the words "Regione Emilia-Romagna" below. The emblem represents the geographical profile of the region. According to the designer, the curved line represents the Po river and nature, while the straight line represents the road and the work of man. The green colour represents that of the Po Valley.[11][12][13]
The flag is the coat of arms of Lazio surrounded by laurel and olive branches, surmounted by a golden crown on a sky-blue field with the words "Regione Lazio" in gold.[14][15][16] The coat of arms of the Lazio region consists of an octagon edged in gold in which the coat of arms of the province of Rome are inserted in the centre and the coats of arms of the provinces of Frosinone, Latina, Rieti and Viterbo tied together by a tricolour ribbon.[17]
The flag is a field of green, representing the Po Valley, with the Camunian rose (a symbol of the region derived from a prehistoric drawing made by the ancient Camuni) in white in the centre, representing the light.[20][21][22] In Camonica Valley, Camunian roses dates back to the Iron Age, particularly from the 7th to 1st centuries BC. These figures are placed mainly in the Middle Camonica Valley (Capo di Ponte, Foppe of Nadro,[23]Sellero, Ceto and Paspardo), but numerous cases are in the Low Valley too (Darfo Boario Terme and Esine). The Camunian rose had originally a solar meaning, which then developed into a wider meaning of a positive power, to bring life and good luck.[24]
The flag of Marche bears a stylized woodpecker, overlapping a black shape to form a capital letter M, against a green-bordered shield with a white field.[25][26] The woodpecker was the tribal totem of the Picentes, an Italic tribe who lived in most of the territory of present-day Marche. The bird's connection to the region is attested to in Greek and Roman literature.[27][28]
The flag is a field of light blue, with the coat of arms of the region (red with a diagonal silver band and an eight-pointed white star in the canton) in the centre. The words "Regione Molise" are in gold below.[29][30][31]
The flag depicts a silver Pegasus rampant on a white field between two horizontal red bands. The Pegasus image on the flag derives from a coin made by the Florentine artist Benvenuto Cellini in 1537. This coin was created by Cellini in order to honour Cardinal Pietro Bembo.[34] Bembo was instrumental in the development of the Tuscan language as a literary medium and was honoured with the representation of Pegasus due to its symbolism and ties with creation.[35] As a result, the Pegasus came to be associated as a symbol of the Tuscan region.[34]
The flag Veneto derives from the flag historically used by the Republic of Venice (697–1797), a maritime republic centered on the modern city of Venice. The coat of arms of the Region is set in a square in the center of the flag: the Lion of Saint Mark with the opened gospel (reading the Latin motto Pax tibi Marce evangelista meus, "Peace to you Mark, my evangelist") rests its paws on the landscape of Veneto: sea (the Adriatic), land (the Venetian Plain) and mountains (the Alps).[37] Attached to the fly edge are seven tails. Each one bears in the middle the coat of arms of one of Veneto's seven province capitals,[37]tricolour ribbon is to be knotted just below the flagpole finial.
A vertical bicolour of black and red. The flag was created in 1942 from an idea by canon Joseph Bréan, who proposed its use in an anti-fascist brochure from 1942 entitled "The Great Aosta Valley". Father Bréan drew the colours of the 16th-century coat of arms of the Duchy of Aosta, a silver lion on a black shield with a red tongue, and a two-colour flag.[38]
The flag of Friuli-Venezia Giulia depicts a golden eagle facing to its right standing on white fortifications on a blue background. The colours (gold and blue) originate from the historic flag of Friuli used by the medieval Patria del Friuli – a state that was independent from 1077 to 1420 and ruled by the Patriarchate of Aquileia. The symbols of the eagle comes from the name of the ancient city of Aquileia, which, according to popular legend, derived from an eagle (Latin: aquila) who showed the first citizens the spot where the ancient city should be founded. The modern flag uses an eagle design found on an antique vase kept in a museum in Aquileia.[39]
The flag is composed of the St George's Cross and four heads of Moors, which in the past may not have been forehead bandaged but blindfolded and turned towards the hoist. But already well-preserved pictures from the 16th century clearly show a forehead bandage (see gallery below). The most accepted hypothesis is that the heads represented the heads of Moorish princes defeated by the Aragonese, as for the first time they appeared in the 13th-century seals of the Crown of Aragon – although with a beard and no bandage, contrary to the Moors of the Sardinian flag, which appeared for the first time in a manuscript of the second half of the 14th century.[40]
The flag is characterized by the presence of the triskeles in its middle, the (winged) head of Medusa and three wheat ears, representing the extreme fertility of the land of Sicily. [41] The triskelion symbol is said to represent the three capes (headlands or promontories of the island of Sicily), namely: Pelorus (Peloro, Tip of Faro, Messina: North-East); Pachynus (Passero, Syracuse: South); and Lilybæum (Lilibeo, Cape Boeo, Marsala: West), which form three points of a triangle from the historical three valli of the island.[42][43] The flag is bisected diagonally into regions colored red, the color of Palermo, and yellow, the color of Corleone. These are the two cities that started the revolution of the Sicilian Vespers. The flag was used during the medieval revolution of the Vespers. [44]
The flag of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol consists of a coat of arms, containing two eagles of San Venceslao (Trentino) and two Tyrolean red eagles (Alto Adige), historical symbols of the two provinces, which stand out against a white and blue background.[45][46]
^
Vagnat, Pascal (31 December 2012). "Apulia Region (Italy)". Flags of the World. Retrieved 12 October 2019. The official flag adopted on the 10th August 2001 is white with the coat of arms in the middle (3/5 of the height of the flag) and a green stripe on its left and a red one on its right.
^Kuipers, Ludo. "Puglia". Oz Outback. Retrieved 17 March 2017.
^Brooker, Peter; Thacker, Andrew, eds. (26 March 2009). The Oxford critical and cultural history of modernist magazines (1st ed.). Oxford. p. 508. ISBN978-0-19-921115-9. OCLC428818638.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Kuipers, Ludo. "Umbria". Oz Outback. Retrieved 19 March 2017.
^"Legge regionale No. 135"(PDF) (in Italian). Friuli-Venezia Giulia Regional Council. 17 October 2001. Archived from the original(PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
^Radicini, Ninni. "The Trinacria: History and Mythology | The Symbol of the Hellenic Nature of Sicily | Article by Ninni Radicini." The Trinacria: History and Mythology | The Symbol of the Hellenic Nature of Sicily | Article by Ninni Radicini. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Nov. 2014.
^Dana Facaros; Michael Pauls (2008). Sicily (illustrated ed.). New Holland Publishers. p. 222. ISBN9781860113970.
^Radicini, Ninni. "The Trinacria: History and Mythology | The Symbol of the Hellenic Nature of Sicily | Article by Ninni Radicini." The Trinacria: History and Mythology | The Symbol of the Hellenic Nature of Sicily | Article by Ninni Radicini. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Nov. 2014.
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