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INSAT-2D
INSAT-2D was an Indian communications satellite. Launched on 4 June 1997, and similar to INSAT-2C, INSAT-2D went out of order on October 4, 1997, because of a power inconsistency problem and was later replaced by INSAT-2DT, an in-orbit satellite which was previously known as ARABSAT-1C. The main aim of the satellite was improved communication.[1][2] In the INSAT-2 (Indian National Satellite System) series, INSAT-2D was the fourth consecutive communication satellite. The satellite was launched using an Ariane 4 rocket from French Guiana.[2] The satellite was placed into geostationary orbit at an inclination of 93.5 degrees east.[3] INSAT-2D's lift-off mass was 2,079 kg (4,583 lb) with propellants of which 995 kg (2,194 lb) were the dry weight.[1] The satellite was expected to have a nominal lifespan of around 7–9 years.[4][3] The onboard power of the satellite was estimated to be 1,650 watts.[1] Its communication payload consisted of 16C-band transponders (extended C-band, for fixed-satellite service), two high-power C-band transponders (for broadcasting-satellite service, BSS), one S-band transponder (for BSS), one C/S-band mobile communication transponder, and three Ku-band transponders.[1][2][3][4] References
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