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Index of Economic Freedom

This article is about the index published by the Wall Street Journal and the Heritage Foundation. For other indices, see Indices of economic freedom.

An overall heatmap from the 2023 Index of Economic Freedom, published by The Heritage Foundation and The Wall Street Journal.
  Free (100–80)
  Mostly free (79.9–70)
  Moderately free (69.9–60)
  Mostly unfree (59.9–50)
  Repressed (49.9–0.00)

The Index of Economic Freedom is an annual index and ranking created in 1995 by The Heritage Foundation and The Wall Street Journal to measure the degree of economic freedom in the world's nations. The creators of the index assert that they take an approach inspired by Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations, that "basic institutions that protect the liberty of individuals to pursue their own economic interests result in greater prosperity for the larger society".[1][2][page needed]

Purpose

Further information: The Heritage Foundation

The Heritage Foundation's Index of Economic Freedom states that, "Economic freedom is the fundamental right of every human to control his or her own labor and property. In an economically free society, individuals are free to work, produce, consume, and invest in any way they please. In economically free societies, governments allow labor, capital, and goods to move freely, and refrain from coercion or constraint of liberty beyond the extent necessary to protect and maintain liberty itself."[3] By publishing the Index annually, the foundation attempts to highlight where such freedoms do and do not exist.

The Heritage Foundation reports that the top 20% on the Index have twice the per capita income of those in the second quintile, and five times that of the bottom 20%.[4]

Carl Schramm, who wrote the first chapter of the 2008 Index, states that cities of Medieval Italy and those of the mid-19th century Midwestern United States both flourished proportionate to their possessed economic fluidity and institutional adaptiveness created by economic freedom.[5]

According to Will Wilkinson of the libertarian think tank Cato Institute, studies show that higher economic freedom correlates strongly with higher self-reported happiness.[6] According to economists Tomi Ovaska and Ryo Takashima, economic freedom research suggests "that people unmistakably care about the degree to which the society where they live provides them opportunities and the freedom to undertake new projects, strongly with and make choices based on one's personal preferences."[7]

According to the Cato Institute, higher economic freedom promotes participation and collaboration.[8] Also claimed is that higher economic freedom is extremely significant in preventing wars; according to their calculations, freedom is around 54 times more effective than democracy (as measured by Democracy Score) in diminishing violent conflict.[9]

Ratings

Between 1995, the first edition of the Index, and 2008, the score for world economic freedom has increased, rising 2.6 points, according to the Index.[10]

Between 2008 and 2011, however, the score decreased 60.2 to 59.7, though the 2011 score represents an increase of 2.2 points since the first edition in 1995. The economic freedom score improved for 117 countries, the majority of countries included in the index, which were mainly developing and emerging market economies. In 2011, with the exception of Europe and North America, there were increased levels of freedom recorded in all regions, with the greatest improvement shown in Sub-Saharan Africa. The top five "free" economies identified by the 2011 index were Hong Kong, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, and Switzerland, each scoring over 80 on the economic freedom grading scale.[11]

Also in 2011, the United States dropped to 9th place in the Index, falling behind Denmark, Canada, and first-place Hong Kong, which ranked first in every issue of the Index from 1995 until 2019.[11] The Heritage Foundation pointed to increases in government spending as a primary reason for the United States' decline in its ranking. According to data from the 2011 Index, the growth rates of countries with the highest levels of government spending were 4.5 points lower, on average, than countries where government spending was under control.[12] In their "Executive Highlights" of index results in 2011, the Heritage Foundation wrote that, "high levels of government spending in response to the global economic turmoil have not resulted in higher economic growth".[11]

In 2012, results from the Index showed an overall decline in global economic freedom; according to The Heritage Foundation, the average score in its ranking was the second- lowest of the last ten years.[13] The U.S. dropped to 10th place in the 2012 ranking, falling three places since 2008, when it was seventh.[14] A report issued by the Heritage Foundation stated that government spending was the cause of many countries' declines, and that the spending had "not only failed to arrest the economic crisis, but also – in many countries – seems to be prolonging it".[15] According to the report, activity in the private sector is threatened by the greater government spending, which has increased public debt and led to more bureaucracy.[13]

Hong Kong

For 25 consecutive years, from 1995 to 2019, Hong Kong was ranked the world's most free economy by the Index.[11][16]

In 2019, however, after the Hong Kong national security law was implemented, the Heritage Foundation dropped Hong Kong and Macau as independent entities in the Index, writing that, "developments in recent years have demonstrated unambiguously that those policies are ultimately controlled from Beijing". The 2019 Index ranked the level of economic freedom in China low, 107th among the 178 ranked in the report.[17]

Methodology

The Index evaluates 177 countries in four broad policy areas that affect the economic freedom, which are rule of law, government size, regulatory efficiency, and open markets.[18][19] It also takes into consideration some specific categories like property rights, judicial effectiveness, government integrity and tax burden.[20][21] The ranking scores aspects of economic freedom between 0 and 100, with 0 meaning "no economic freedom" and 100 meaning "total economic freedom". There are twelve aspects divided into four categories.[22]

Reception

In 2001, Freedom House, a human rights group, wrote that, "there is a high and statistically significant correlation between the level of political freedom as measured by Freedom House and economic freedom as measured by The Wall Street Journal/Heritage Foundation survey."[23]

In his 2005 book The End of Poverty, Jeffrey Sachs graphed countries' ratings on the Index against per capita GDP growth between 1995 and 2003, claiming to demonstrate that there was no correlation between a country's rating and its rate of economic growth. As examples, Sachs cited countries with good ratings in the Index, such as Switzerland and Uruguay, which had sluggish economic performances while others, like China, with poorer ratings in the Index were experiencing strong economic growth.[24]

In January 2005, Stefan Karlsson of the Ludwig von Mises Institute challenged the usefulness of the Index due to the fuzziness of many of the categories used to determine freedom.[25]

In March 2005, John Miller criticized the Index, writing in Dollars & Sense, "In the hands of the Wall Street Journal and the Heritage Foundation, Washington's foremost right-wing think tank, however, an economic freedom index merely measures corporate and entrepreneurial freedom from accountability. Upon examination, the index turns out to be a poor barometer of either freedom more broadly construed or of prosperity."[26] According to Left Business Observer, growth in Index accounts for 10% of the variation in the growth of GDP.[27]

In September 2007, the Millennium Challenge Account, a U.S. government foreign aid program, used the Index in determining which countries will receive their performance-based compacts.[28]

In January 2008, United Arab Emirates questioned its rating in the Index, comparing its average rating with the high rating they had received from other economic freedom indexes, such as Transparency International and Moody's. UAE argued called the Index "unreliable", arguing that its methodology changed twice over the prior two years.[29]

Rule of law

Property rights

Degree of a country's legal protection of private property rights and degree of enforcement of those laws. It is divided into the following sub-factors:

  1. Physical property rights
  2. Intellectual property rights
  3. Strength of investor protection
  4. Risk of expropriation
  5. Quality of land administration

Judicial effectiveness

Degree of the judiciary's efficiency and fairness, especially dealing with property laws. It is divided into the following sub-factors:

  1. Judicial independence
  2. Quality of the judicial process

Government integrity

Analyzes how prevalent are forms of political corruption and practices such as bribery, extortion, nepotism, cronyism, patronage, embezzlement, and graft. It is divided into the following sub-factors:

  1. Public trust in politicians
  2. Irregular payments and bribes
  3. transparency of government policymaking
  4. Absence of corruption
  5. perceptions of corruption
  6. Governmental and civil service transparency

Government size

Tax burden

Analyzes marginal tax rates on personal and corporate income and the overall taxation level (including direct and indirect taxes imposed by all levels of government) as a percentage of the GDP. Its sub-factors are:

  1. Top marginal tax rate on individual income
  2. Top marginal tax rate on corporate income
  3. Total tax burden as a percentage of GDP

Government spending

Quantifies the burden of government expenditures, including consumption by the state and all transfer payments related to various welfare programs. The ideal level varies from country to country, but zero expenditure is used as a benchmark.

Fiscal health

Analyzes how well a country manages its budget by quantifying the growing debt and deficit. It is divided into the following sub-factors:

  1. Average deficits as a percentage of GDP for the most recent three years (80 percent of score)
  2. Debt as a percentage of GDP (20 percent of score)

Regulatory efficiency

Business freedom

Analyzes the cost, time and freedom to open, operate and close a business, taking into consideration factors like electricity. It is divided into thirteen sub-factors:

  1. Starting a business - procedures (number)
  2. Starting a business - time (days)
  3. Starting a business - cost (% of income per capita)
  4. Starting a business - minimum capital (% of income per capita)
  5. Obtaining a license - procedures (number)
  6. Obtaining a license - time (days)
  7. Obtaining a license - cost (% of income per capita)
  8. Closing a business - time (years)
  9. Closing a business - cost (% of estate)
  10. Closing a business - recovery rate (cents on the dollar)
  11. Getting electricity - procedures (number)
  12. Getting electricity - time (days) and
  13. Getting electricity - cost (% of income per capita)

Labor freedom

Quantifies the intrusiveness of labor rights such as minimum wage, laws inhibiting layoffs, severance requirements, and measurable regulatory restraints on hiring and hours worked, plus the labor force participation rate as an indicative measure of employment opportunities in the labor market. It is divided into the following sub-factors:

  1. Ratio of minimum wage to the average value added per worker
  2. Hindrance to hiring additional workers
  3. Rigidity of hours
  4. Difficulty of firing redundant employees
  5. Legally mandated notice period
  6. Mandatory severance pay
  7. Labor force participation rate

Monetary freedom

Analyzes how stable are prices and how much microeconomy intervenes. It is divided into the following sub-factors:

  1. Weighted average inflation rate for the most recent three years
  2. Price controls

Market openness

Trade freedom

Quantifies the extent to which tariff and nontariff barriers affect imports and exports of goods and services into and out of the country. Its sub-factors are:

  1. Trade-weighted average tariff rate
  2. Non-tariff barriers (NTBs)

Investment freedom

Analyzes how free or constrained is the flow of investment capital of individuals and firms.

Financial freedom

Indicates banking efficiency as well as how independent the government is from the financial sector. This aspect looks at five broad areas:

  1. Extent of government regulation of financial services
  2. Degree of state intervention in banks and other financial firms through direct and indirect ownership
  3. Government influence on the allocation of credit
  4. Extent of financial and capital market development
  5. Openness to foreign competition

Previous methodology

The Index's 2008 definition of economic freedom is "the highest form of economic freedom provides an absolute right of property ownership, fully realized freedoms of movement for labor, capital, and goods, and an absolute absence of coercion or constraint of economic liberty beyond the extent necessary for citizens to protect and maintain liberty itself."[30]

The Index scores nations on ten factors of economic freedom, separated into four categories, using statistics from organizations like the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, Economist Intelligence Unit and Transparency International. In each factor, countries are scored 0 to 100, with 0 being the least free and 100 the most free. A score of 100 signifies an economic environment or set of policies that is most conducive to economic freedom.[30] The methodology has shifted and changed as new data and measurements have become available, especially in the area of Labor Freedom, which was given its own indicator spot in 2007.[2] The following list explains what each factor currently assesses and groups them according to their respective category:

Rule of law

Limited government

  • Fiscal freedom: How free is a country from tax burden. It comprises three quantitative measures: top marginal tax rate of both individual (1) and corporate (2) income, and total tax burden as a percentage of GDP (3).
  • Government size and spending: Governments' expenditures as a percentage of GDP, including consumption and transfers. The higher the percental spending, the lower the score.

Regulatory efficiency

  • Business freedom: A country's freedom from the burden of regulations on starting, operating, and closing business, given factors such as time, cost and number of procedures, as well as the efficiency of government in the regulatory process.
  • Labor freedom: How free is a country from legal regulation on the labor market, including those relating to minimum wages, hiring and firing, hours of work and severance requirements.
  • Monetary freedom: How free from microeconomic intervention and price instability is a country, basing on an equation considering the weighted average inflation rate in the last three years and price controls.

Open markets

  • Trade freedom: Freedom from sizeable numbers and burdens of tariffs and non-tariff barriers to imports and exports of a country.
  • Investment freedom: Freedom from restrictions on the movement and use of investment capital, regardless of activity, within and across the country's borders.
  • Financial freedom: A country's independence from government control and interference in the financial sector, including banks. It considers government ownership of financial firms, extent of financial and capital market development, government influence on the allocation of credit and openness to foreign competition.

Rankings and scores

2023

Key: ██ Free (80–100) ██ Mostly Free (70–79.9) ██ Moderately Free (60–69.9) ██ Mostly Unfree (50–59.9) ██ Repressed (0–49.9)

Economic Freedom Index[31]
Country Rank Score Change
 Singapore 1 83.5 Decrease 0.4
  Switzerland 2 83.0 Decrease 0.8
 Ireland 3 82.0 Steady
 Taiwan 4 80.7 Increase 0.6
 New Zealand 5 78.9 Decrease 1.7
 Estonia 6 78.6 Decrease 1.4
 Luxembourg 7 78.4 Decrease 2.2
 Netherlands 8 78.0 Decrease 1.5
 Denmark 9 77.6 Decrease 0.4
 Sweden 10 77.5 Decrease 0.4
 Finland 11 77.1 Decrease 1.2
 Norway 12 76.9 Steady
 Australia 13 74.8 Decrease 2.9
 Germany 14 73.7 Decrease 2.4
 South Korea 14 73.7 Decrease 0.9
 Canada 14 73.7 Decrease 2.9
 Latvia 17 72.8 Decrease 2.0
 Cyprus 18 72.3 Decrease 0.6
 Iceland 19 72.2 Decrease 4.8
 Lithuania 19 72.2 Decrease 3.6
 Czech Republic 21 71.9 Decrease 2.5
 Chile 22 71.1 Decrease 3.3
 Austria 22 71.1 Decrease 2.7
 United Arab Emirates 24 70.9 Increase 0.7
 United States 25 70.6 Decrease 1.5
 Mauritius 25 70.6 Decrease 0.3
 Uruguay 27 70.2 Increase 0.2
 United Kingdom 28 69.9 Decrease 2.8
 Barbados 29 69.8 Decrease 1.5
 Portugal 30 69.5 Decrease 1.3
 Japan 31 69.3 Decrease 0.6
 Bulgaria 31 69.3 Decrease 1.7
 Slovakia 33 69.0 Decrease 0.7
 Israel 34 68.9 Increase 0.9
 Georgia 35 68.7 Decrease 3.1
 Qatar 36 68.6 Increase 0.9
 Slovenia 37 68.5 Decrease 2.0
 Samoa 38 68.3 Steady
 Jamaica 39 68.1 Increase 0.7
 Poland 40 67.7 Decrease 1.0
 Malta 41 67.5 Decrease 4.0
 Malaysia 42 67.3 Decrease 0.8
 Belgium 43 67.1 Decrease 2.5
 Peru 44 66.5 Steady
 Costa Rica 44 66.5 Increase 1.1
 Croatia 46 66.4 Decrease 1.2
 Romania 47 67.1 Decrease 2.4
 Hungary 48 66.9 Decrease 0.3
 Cabo Verde 49 66.7 Increase 2.9
 Albania 50 66.6 Increase 1.4
 Spain 51 66.5 Decrease 1.2
 France 52 65.9 Increase 0.2
 North Macedonia 53 65.7 Decrease 2.9
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 54 65.7 Decrease 0.6
 The Bahamas 55 65.4 Increase 1.2
 Panama 56 65.4 Decrease 0.8
 Italy 57 65.4 Increase 0.5
 Armenia 58 65.3 Decrease 6.6
 Serbia 59 65.2 Decrease 2.0
 Colombia 60 65.1 Decrease 3.0
 Botswana 61 64.8 Decrease 2.8
 Brunei Darussalam 62 64.8 Decrease 1.8
 Indonesia 63 64.4 Decrease 2.5
 Kazakhstan 64 64.4 Decrease 6.7
 Saint Lucia 65 64.3 Decrease 3.2
 Mongolia 66 63.9 Increase 1.5
 Mexico 67 63.7 Decrease 1.8
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 68 63.4 Increase 0.5
 Guatemala 69 63.2 Decrease 0.8
 Thailand 70 63.2 Decrease 6.5
 Dominican Republic 71 63.0 Increase 0.9
 Vanuatu 72 62.9 Increase 2.4
 Paraguay 73 62.9 Increase 0.3
 Bahrain 74 62.0 Decrease 7.9
 Azerbaijan 75 61.6 Decrease 8.5
 Ivory Coast 76 61.6 Decrease 0.1
 Greece 77 61.5 Increase 0.6
 Moldova 78 61.3 Decrease 1.2
 Seychelles 79 61.1 Decrease 5.2
 Philippines 80 61.1 Decrease 3.0
 Benin 81 61.0 Increase 1.4
 Micronesia 82 61.0 Increase 10.6
 Tonga 83 60.8 Increase 3.3
 Vietnam 84 60.6 Decrease 1.1
 São Tomé and Príncipe 85 60.3 Increase 4.4
 Kosovo 86 60.1 Decrease 6.4
 Jordan 87 60.1 Decrease 4.5
 Senegal 88 60.0 Increase 2.0
 Ghana 89 59.8 Increase 0.6
 El Salvador 90 59.6 Decrease 1.4
 Guyana 91 59.5 Increase 2.1
 Honduras 92 59.5 Decrease 0.3
 Tanzania 93 59.5 Decrease 1.8
 Bhutan 94 59.3 Increase 1.0
 Namibia 95 59.2 Decrease 3.4
 Kiribati 96 59.2 Increase 14.8
 Morocco 97 59.2 Decrease 4.1
 Madagascar 98 58.9 Increase 1.2
 Trinidad and Tobago 99 58.8 Decrease 0.2
 Burkina Faso 100 58.3 Increase 1.8
 Kuwait 101 58.3 Decrease 5.8
 The Gambia 102 58.0 Decrease 0.8
 Montenegro 103 57.8 Decrease 5.6
 Togo 104 57.2 Decrease 0.3
 Rwanda 105 57.1 Decrease 11.2
 Cambodia 106 57.1 Decrease 0.2
 Turkey 107 56.9 Decrease 7.1
 Oman 108 56.6 Decrease 8.0
 Belize 109 56.6 Decrease 0.9
 Solomon Islands 110 56.5 Steady 0.0
 Fiji 111 56.4 Decrease 5.8
 South Africa 112 56.2 Decrease 3.5
 Russia 113 56.1 Decrease 5.4
 Mali 114 55.9 Increase 0.3
 Gabon 115 55.8 Decrease 2.3
 Kyrgyzstan 116 55.8 Decrease 7.9
 Uzbekistan 117 55.7 Decrease 2.6
 Saudi Arabia 118 55.5 Decrease 10.5
 Mauritania 119 55.3 Decrease 0.8
 Djibouti 120 55.3 Decrease 0.9
 Niger 121 54.9 Decrease 2.4
 Nicaragua 122 54.8 Decrease 1.5
 Papua New Guinea 123 54.6 Decrease 4.3
 Nigeria 124 54.4 Decrease 4.3
 Dominica 125 54.4 Increase 1.4
 Ecuador 126 54.3 Increase 1.9
 Uganda 127 54.2 Decrease 4.4
 Tunisia 128 54.2 Decrease 2.4
 Guinea 129 54.2 Decrease 2.3
 Ukraine 130 54.1 Decrease 2.1
 India 131 53.9 Decrease 2.6
 Sri Lanka 132 53.3 Decrease 2.4
 Brazil 133 53.3 Decrease 0.1
 Malawi 134 53.0 Steady 0.0
 Belarus 135 53.0 Decrease 8.0
 Cameroon 136 52.9 Decrease 0.5
 Bangladesh 137 52.7 Decrease 3.8
 Kenya 138 52.6 Decrease 2.3
 Angola 139 52.6 Decrease 1.6
 Sierra Leone 140 52.0 Increase 0.3
 Eswatini 141 51.4 Decrease 3.7
 Mozambique 142 51.3 Decrease 0.3
 Comoros 143 50.4 Decrease 5.3
 Argentina 144 50.1 Decrease 2.6
 Haiti 145 50.0 Decrease 0.8
 Chad 146 49.8 Decrease 0.6
 Tajikistan 147 49.7 Decrease 5.5
   Nepal 148 49.7 Decrease 1.0
 Ethiopia 149 49.6 Decrease 2.1
 Laos 150 49.2 Decrease 4.7
 Egypt 151 49.1 Decrease 6.6
 Pakistan 152 48.8 Decrease 2.9
 Zambia 153 48.7 Decrease 1.7
 Republic of the Congo 154 48.5 Decrease 2.2
 Suriname 155 48.1 Increase 1.7
 Lesotho 156 48.1 Decrease 5.4
 China 157 48.0 Decrease 10.4
 Liberia 158 47.9 Decrease 1.3
 Congo-Kinshasa 159 47.6 Decrease 1.4
 Maldives 160 47.3 Decrease 7.9
 Lebanon 161 47.3 Decrease 4.1
 Equatorial Guinea 162 47.2 Decrease 2.0
 Timor-Leste 163 46.3 Increase 1.6
 Turkmenistan 164 46.2 Decrease 1.2
 Guinea-Bissau 165 46.0 Decrease 8.9
 Algeria 166 45.8 Decrease 3.9
 Myanmar 167 45.7 Decrease 5.6
 Central African Republic 168 45.7 Decrease 3.1
 Bolivia 169 43.0 Increase 0.3
 Iran 170 42.4 Decrease 4.8
 Eritrea 171 39.7 Decrease 2.6
 Burundi 172 39.4 Decrease 10.5
 Zimbabwe 173 33.1 Decrease 6.4
 Sudan 174 32.0 Decrease 7.1
 Cuba 175 29.5 Increase 1.4
 Venezuela 176 24.8 Increase 0.1
 North Korea 177 4.2 Decrease 1.7

Not ranked

2013–2020

Key: ██ Free (80–100) ██ Mostly Free (70.0–79.9) ██ Moderately Free (60.0–69.9) ██ Mostly Unfree (50.0–59.9) ██ Repressed (0–49.9)

  2020[32] 2019[33] 2018[34] 2017[35] 2016[36] 2015[37] 2014[38] 2013[39]
Country Rank Score Change in Yearly Score from 2019 Rank Score Change in Yearly Score from 2018 Rank Score Change in Yearly Score from 2017 Rank Score Change in Yearly Score from 2016 Rank Score Change in Yearly Score from 2015 Rank Score Change in Yearly Score from 2014 Rank Score Change in Yearly Score from 2013 Rank Score
 Singapore Increase 1 89.4 Steady 0.0 Steady 2 89.4 Increase 0.6 Steady 2 88.8 Increase 0.2 Steady 2 88.6 Increase 0.8 Steady 2 87.8 Decrease -1.6 Steady 2 89.4 Steady 0.0 Steady 2 89.4 Increase 1.4 2 88.0
 New Zealand Steady 3 84.1 Decrease -0.3 Steady 3 84.4 Increase 0.2 Steady 3 84.2 Increase 0.5 Steady 3 83.7 Increase 2.1 Steady 3 81.6 Decrease -0.5 Increase 3 82.1 Increase 0.9 Decrease 5 81.2 Decrease -0.2 4 81.4
 Switzerland Decrease 5 82.0 Increase 0.1 Steady 4 81.9 Increase 0.2 Steady 4 81.7 Increase 0.2 Steady 4 81.5 Increase 0.5 Increase 4 81.0 Increase 0.5 Decrease 5 80.5 Decrease -1.1 Increase 4 81.6 Increase 0.6 5 81.0
 Australia Increase 4 82.6 Increase 1.7 Steady 5 80.9 Steady 0.0 Steady 5 80.9 Decrease -0.1 Steady 5 81.0 Increase 0.7 Decrease 5 80.3 Decrease -1.1 Decrease 4 81.4 Decrease -0.6 Decrease 3 82.0 Decrease -0.6 3 82.6
 Estonia Increase 10 77.7 Increase 1.1 Decrease 15 76.6 Decrease -2.2 Decrease 7 78.8 Decrease -0.3 Increase 6 79.1 Increase 1.9 Decrease 9 77.2 Increase 0.4 Increase 8 76.8 Increase 0.9 Increase 11 75.9 Increase 0.6 13 75.3
 Canada Decrease 9 78.2 Increase 0.5 Increase 8 77.7 Steady 0.0 Decrease 9 77.7 Decrease -0.8 Decrease 7 78.5 Increase 0.5 Steady 6 78 Decrease -1.1 Steady 6 79.1 Decrease -1.1 Steady 6 80.2 Increase 0.8 6 79.4
 United Arab Emirates Decrease 18 76.2 Decrease -1.4 Increase 9 77.6 Steady 0.0 Decrease 10 77.6 Increase 0.7 Increase 8 76.9 Increase 4.3 Steady 25 72.6 Increase 0.2 Increase 25 72.4 Increase 1.0 Steady 28 71.4 Increase 0.3 28 71.1
 Ireland Steady 6 80.9 Increase 0.4 Steady 6 80.5 Increase 0.1 Increase 6 80.4 Increase 3.7 Decrease 9 76.7 Decrease -0.6 Increase 8 77.3 Increase 0.7 Steady 9 76.6 Increase 0.4 Increase 9 76.2 Increase 0.5 11 75.7
 Chile Increase 15 76.8 Increase 1.4 Increase 18 75.4 Increase 0.2 Decrease 20 75.2 Decrease -1.3 Decrease 10 76.5 Decrease -1.2 Steady 7 77.7 Decrease -0.8 Steady 7 78.5 Decrease -0.2 Steady 7 78.7 Decrease -0.3 7 79.0
 Taiwan Decrease 11 77.1 Decrease -0.2 Increase 10 77.3 Increase 0.7 Decrease 13 76.6 Increase 0.1 Increase 11 76.5 Increase 1.8 Steady 14 74.7 Decrease -0.4 Increase 14 75.1 Increase 1.2 Increase 17 73.9 Increase 1.2 20 72.7
 United Kingdom Steady 7 79.3 Increase 0.4 Increase 7 78.9 Increase 0.9 Increase 8 78.0 Increase 1.6 Decrease 12 76.4 Steady 0.0 Increase 10 76.4 Increase 0.6 Increase 13 75.8 Increase 0.9 Steady 14 74.9 Increase 0.1 14 74.8
 Georgia Increase 12 77.1 Increase 1.2 Steady 16 75.9 Decrease -0.3 Decrease 16 76.2 Increase 0.2 Increase 13 76.0 Increase 3.4 Decrease 23 72.6 Increase 0.4 Steady 22 73.0 Increase 0.4 Decrease 22 72.6 Increase 0.4 21 72.2
 Luxembourg Decrease 19 75.8 Decrease -0.1 Decrease 17 75.9 Decrease -0.5 Steady 14 76.4 Increase 0.5 Increase 14 75.9 Increase 2.0 Increase 19 73.9 Increase 0.7 Decrease 21 73.2 Decrease -1.0 Decrease 16 74.2 Steady 0.0 15 74.2
 Netherlands Decrease 14 77.0 Increase 0.2 Increase 13 76.8 Increase 0.6 Decrease 17 76.2 Increase 0.4 Increase 15 75.8 Increase 1.2 Increase 16 74.6 Increase 0.9 Decrease 17 73.7 Decrease -0.5 Increase 15 74.2 Increase 0.7 17 73.5
 Lithuania Increase 16 76.7 Increase 2.5 Decrease 21 74.2 Decrease -1.1 Decrease 19 75.3 Decrease -0.5 Decrease 16 75.8 Increase 0.6 Increase 13 75.2 Increase 0.5 Increase 15 74.7 Increase 1.7 Increase 21 73.0 Increase 0.9 22 72.1
 United States Decrease 17 76.6 Decrease -0.2 Increase 12 76.8 Increase 1.1 Decrease 18 75.7 Increase 0.6 Decrease 17 75.1 Decrease -0.3 Increase 11 75.4 Decrease -0.8 Steady 12 76.2 Increase 0.7 Decrease 12 75.5 Decrease -0.5 10 76.0
 Denmark Increase 8 78.3 Increase 1.6 Decrease 14 76.7 Increase 0.1 Increase 12 76.6 Increase 1.5 Decrease 18 75.1 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 12 75.3 Decrease -1.0 Decrease 11 76.3 Increase 0.2 Decrease 10 76.1 Steady 0.0 9 76.1
 Sweden Decrease 22 74.9 Decrease -0.3 Decrease 19 75.2 Decrease -1.1 Increase 15 76.3 Increase 1.4 Increase 19 74.9 Increase 2.9 Decrease 26 72.0 Decrease -0.7 Decrease 23 72.7 Decrease -0.4 Decrease 20 73.1 Increase 0.2 18 72.9
 Latvia Increase 32 71.9 Increase 1.5 Decrease 35 70.4 Decrease -3.2 Decrease 28 73.6 Decrease -1.2 Increase 20 74.8 Increase 4.4 Increase 36 70.4 Increase 0.7 Increase 37 69.7 Increase 1.0 Increase 42 68.7 Increase 2.2 55 66.5
 Mauritius Increase 21 74.9 Increase 1.9 Decrease 25 73.0 Decrease -2.1 Steady 21 75.1 Increase 0.4 Decrease 21 74.7 Decrease 0.0 Decrease 15 74.7 Decrease -1.7 Decrease 10 76.4 Decrease -0.1 Steady 8 76.5 Decrease -0.4 8 76.9
 Iceland Decrease 13 77.1 Steady 0.0 Steady 11 77.1 Increase 0.1 Increase 11 77.0 Increase 2.6 Decrease 22 74.4 Increase 1.1 Increase 20 73.3 Increase 1.3 Decrease 26 72.0 Decrease -0.4 Steady 23 72.4 Increase 0.3 23 72.1
 South Korea Increase 25 74.0 Increase 1.7 Decrease 29 72.3 Decrease -1.5 Decrease 27 73.8 Decrease -0.5 Increase 23 74.3 Increase 2.6 Increase 27 71.7 Increase 0.2 Increase 29 71.5 Increase 0.3 Increase 31 71.2 Increase 0.9 34 70.3
 Finland Steady 20 75.7 Increase 0.8 Increase 20 74.9 Increase 0.8 Decrease 26 74.1 Increase 0.1 Steady 24 74.0 Increase 1.4 Decrease 24 72.6 Decrease -0.8 Steady 19 73.4 Steady 0.0 Decrease 19 73.4 Decrease -0.6 16 74.0
 Norway Decrease 28 73.4 Increase 0.4 Decrease 26 73.0 Decrease -1.3 Increase 23 74.3 Increase 0.3 Increase 25 74.0 Increase 3.2 Decrease 32 70.8 Decrease -1.0 Increase 27 71.8 Increase 0.9 Decrease 32 70.9 Increase 0.4 31 70.5
 Germany Decrease 27 73.5 Steady 0.0 Increase 24 73.5 Decrease -0.7 Increase 25 74.2 Increase 0.4 Decrease 26 73.8 Decrease -0.6 Decrease 17 74.4 Increase 0.6 Increase 16 73.8 Increase 0.4 Increase 18 73.4 Increase 0.6 19 72.8
 Malaysia Decrease 24 74.7 Increase 0.7 Steady 22 74.0 Decrease -0.5 Increase 22 74.5 Increase 0.7 Increase 27 73.8 Increase 2.3 Increase 29 71.5 Increase 0.7 Increase 31 70.8 Increase 1.2 Increase 37 69.6 Increase 3.5 56 66.1
 Czech Republic Steady 23 74.8 Increase 1.1 Increase 23 73.7 Decrease -0.5 Increase 24 74.2 Increase 0.9 Decrease 28 73.3 Increase 0.1 Increase 21 73.2 Increase 0.7 Increase 24 72.5 Increase 0.3 Increase 26 72.2 Increase 1.3 29 70.9
 Qatar Decrease 31 72.3 Decrease -0.3 Increase 28 72.6 Steady 0.0 Steady 29 72.6 Decrease -0.5 Increase 29 73.1 Increase 2.4 Decrease 34 70.7 Decrease -0.1 Decrease 32 70.8 Decrease -0.4 Decrease 30 71.2 Decrease -0.1 27 71.3
 Austria Increase 29 73.3 Increase 1.3 Increase 31 72.0 Increase 0.2 Decrease 32 71.8 Decrease -0.5 Decrease 30 72.3 Increase 0.6 Increase 28 71.7 Increase 0.5 Decrease 30 71.2 Decrease -1.2 Increase 24 72.4 Increase 0.6 25 71.8
 North Macedonia Decrease 41 69.5 Decrease -1.6 Steady 33 71.1 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 33 71.3 Increase 0.6 Increase 31 70.7 Increase 3.2 Increase 47 67.5 Increase 0.4 Decrease 53 67.1 Decrease -1.5 Steady 43 68.6 Increase 0.4 43 68.2
 Armenia Increase 34 70.6 Increase 2.9 Decrease 47 67.7 Decrease -1.0 Decrease 44 68.7 Decrease -1.6 Increase 33 70.3 Increase 3.3 Decrease 54 67.0 Decrease -0.1 Decrease 52 67.1 Decrease -1.8 Decrease 41 68.9 Decrease -0.5 38 69.4
 Botswana Decrease 40 69.6 Increase 0.1 Decrease 36 69.5 Decrease -0.4 Decrease 35 69.9 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 34 71.1 Decrease -1.0 Increase 30 71.1 Increase 1.3 Decrease 36 69.8 Decrease -2.2 Increase 27 72 Increase 1.4 30 70.6
 Brunei Increase 61 66.6 Increase 1.5 Increase 63 65.1 Increase 0.9 Decrease 70 64.2 Decrease -5.6 Increase 35 69.8 Increase 2.5 Decrease 51 67.3 Decrease -1.6 Increase 39 68.9 Decrease -0.1 40 69.0 - - -
 Israel Increase 26 74.0 Increase 1.2 Increase 27 72.8 Increase 0.6 Increase 31 72.2 Increase 2.5 Decrease 36 69.7 Decrease -1.0 Decrease 35 70.7 Increase 0.2 Increase 33 70.5 Increase 2.1 Increase 44 68.4 Increase 1.5 51 66.9
 Colombia Increase 45 69.2 Increase 1.9 Decrease 49 67.3 Decrease -1.6 Decrease 42 68.9 Decrease -0.8 Decrease 37 69.7 Decrease -1.1 Decrease 33 70.8 Decrease -0.9 Increase 28 71.7 Increase 1.0 Increase 34 70.7 Increase 1.1 37 69.6
 Uruguay Decrease 47 69.1 Increase 0.5 Decrease 40 68.6 Decrease -0.6 Steady 38 69.2 Decrease -0.5 Increase 38 69.7 Increase 0.9 Increase 41 68.8 Increase 0.2 Decrease 43 68.6 Decrease -0.7 Decrease 38 69.3 Decrease -0.4 36 69.7
 Romania Increase 38 69.7 Increase 1.1 Decrease 42 68.6 Decrease -0.8 Increase 37 69.4 Decrease -0.3 Increase 39 69.7 Increase 4.1 Decrease 61 65.6 Decrease -1.0 Increase 57 66.6 Increase 1.1 Decrease 62 65.5 Increase 0.4 59 65.1
 Japan Steady 30 73.3 Increase 1.2 Steady 30 72.1 Decrease -0.2 Increase 30 72.3 Increase 2.7 Decrease 40 69.6 Decrease -3.5 Decrease 22 73.1 Decrease -0.2 Increase 20 73.3 Increase 0.9 Decrease 25 72.4 Increase 0.6 24 71.8
 Jamaica Decrease 49 68.5 Decrease -0.1 Increase 39 68.6 Decrease -0.5 Increase 40 69.1 Decrease -0.4 Increase 41 69.5 Increase 2.0 Steady 48 67.5 Decrease -0.2 Increase 48 67.7 Increase 1.0 Decrease 56 66.7 Decrease -0.1 52 66.8
 Kazakhstan Increase 39 69.6 Increase 4.2 Decrease 59 65.4 Decrease -3.7 Increase 41 69.1 Increase 0.1 Increase 42 69.0 Increase 5.4 Increase 68 63.6 Increase 0.3 Decrease 69 63.3 Decrease -0.4 Increase 67 63.7 Increase 0.7 68 63.0
 Peru Decrease 51 67.9 Increase 0.1 Decrease 45 67.8 Decrease -0.9 Steady 43 68.7 Decrease -0.2 Increase 43 68.9 Increase 1.5 Decrease 49 67.4 Decrease -0.3 Steady 47 67.7 Increase 0.3 Decrease 47 67.4 Decrease -0.8 44 68.2
 Bahrain Decrease 63 66.3 Decrease -0.1 Decrease 54 66.4 Decrease -1.3 Decrease 50 67.7 Decrease -0.8 Decrease 44 68.5 Decrease -5.8 Steady 18 74.3 Increase 0.9 Decrease 18 73.4 Decrease -1.7 Decrease 13 75.1 Decrease -0.4 12 75.5
 Poland Steady 46 69.1 Increase 1.3 Decrease 46 67.8 Decrease -0.7 Steady 45 68.5 Increase 0.2 Decrease 45 68.3 Decrease -1.0 Increase 39 69.3 Increase 0.7 Increase 42 68.6 Increase 1.6 Increase 50 67.0 Increase 1.0 57 66.0
 Kosovo Decrease 53 67.4 Increase 0.4 Increase 51 67.0 Increase 0.4 Decrease 56 66.6 Decrease -1.3 Increase 46 67.9 Increase 6.5 84 61.4 - - - - - - - - -
 Bulgaria Increase 36 70.2 Increase 1.2 Increase 37 69.0 Increase 0.7 Steady 47 68.3 Increase 0.4 Increase 47 67.9 Increase2.0 Decrease 60 65.9 Decrease -0.9 Increase 55 66.8 Increase1.1 Decrease 61 65.7 Increase0.7 60 65.0
 Cyprus Increase 37 70.1 Increase 2.0 Increase 44 68.1 Increase 0.3 Steady 48 67.8 Decrease -0.1 Decrease 48 67.9 Decrease -0.8 Increase 42 68.7 Increase 0.8 Increase 45 67.9 Increase 0.3 Decrease 46 67.6 Decrease -1.4 41 69.0
 Belgium Steady 48 68.9 Increase 1.6 Increase 48 67.3 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 52 67.5 Decrease -0.3 Decrease 49 67.8 Decrease -0.6 Decrease 44 68.4 Decrease -0.4 Decrease 40 68.8 Decrease -1.1 Increase 35 69.9 Increase 0.7 40 69.2
 Malta Decrease 42 69.5 Increase 0.9 Increase 41 68.6 Increase 0.1 Increase 46 68.5 Increase 0.8 Increase 50 67.7 Increase 1.0 Increase 55 66.7 Increase 0.2 Steady 58 66.5 Increase 0.1 Decrease 58 66.4 Decrease -1.1 47 67.5
 Rwanda Decrease 33 70.9 Decrease -0.2 Increase 32 71.1 Increase 2.0 Increase 39 69.1 Increase 1.5 Increase 51 67.6 Increase 4.5 Decrease 71 63.1 Decrease -1.7 Steady 65 64.8 Increase 0.1 Decrease 65 64.7 Increase 0.6 63 64.1
 Vanuatu Increase 98 60.7 Increase 4.3 Decrease 116 56.4 Decrease -13.1 Increase 36 69.5 Increase 2.1 Increase 52 67.4 Increase 6.6 Decrease 89 60.8 Decrease -0.3 Increase 84 61.1 Increase 1.6 Increase 93 59.5 Increase 2.9 109 56.6
 Jordan Decrease 66 66.0 Decrease -0.5 Increase 53 66.5 Increase 1.6 Decrease 62 64.9 Decrease -1.8 Decrease 53 66.7 Decrease -1.6 Decrease 46 68.3 Decrease -1.0 Increase 38 69.3 Increase 0.1 Decrease 39 69.2 Decrease -1.2 33 70.4
 Panama Decrease 55 67.2 Steady 0.0 Increase 50 67.2 Increase 0.2 Steady 54 67.0 Increase 0.7 Increase 54 66.3 Increase 1.5 Increase 66 64.8 Increase 0.7 Increase 68 64.1 Increase 0.7 Steady 71 63.4 Increase 0.9 71 62.5
 Thailand Steady 43 69.4 Increase 1.1 Increase 43 68.3 Increase 1.2 Increase 53 67.1 Increase 0.9 Increase 55 66.2 Increase 2.3 Increase 67 63.9 Increase 1.5 Decrease 75 62.4 Decrease -0.9 Decrease 72 63.3 Decrease -0.8 61 64.1
 Hungary Increase 62 66.4 Increase 1.4 Decrease 64 65.0 Decrease -1.7 Increase 55 66.7 Increase 0.9 Increase 56 65.8 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 58 66.0 Decrease -0.8 Decrease 54 66.8 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 51 67.0 Decrease -0.3 48 67.3
 Slovakia Increase 60 66.8 Increase 1.8 Decrease 65 65.0 Decrease -0.3 Decrease 59 65.3 Decrease -0.4 Decrease 57 65.7 Decrease -0.9 Decrease 56 66.6 Decrease -0.6 Increase 50 67.2 Increase 0.8 Decrease 57 66.4 Decrease -2.3 42 68.7
 Philippines Steady 70 64.5 Increase 0.7 Decrease 70 63.8 Decrease -1.2 Decrease 61 65.0 Decrease -0.6 Increase 58 65.6 Increase 2.5 Increase 70 63.1 Increase 0.9 Increase 76 62.2 Increase 2.1 Increase 89 60.1 Increase 1.9 97 58.2
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Decrease 59 66.8 Increase 1.0 Decrease 55 65.8 Decrease -1.9 Increase 49 67.7 Increase 2.5 Decrease 59 65.2 Decrease -3.6 Increase 40 68.8 Increase 0.8 Increase 44 68.0 Increase 1.0 Increase 52 67.0 Increase 0.3 54 66.7
 Turkey Decrease 71 64.4 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 68 64.6 Decrease -0.8 Increase 58 65.4 Increase 0.2 Increase 60 65.2 Increase 3.1 Decrease 79 62.1 Decrease -1.1 Decrease 70 63.2 Decrease -1.7 Increase 64 64.9 Increase 2.0 69 62.9
 Kuwait Increase 79 63.2 Increase 2.4 Decrease 90 60.8 Decrease -1.4 Decrease 81 62.2 Decrease -2.9 Increase 61 65.1 Increase 2.4 Steady 74 62.7 Increase 0.2 Increase 74 62.5 Increase 0.2 Decrease 76 62.3 Decrease -0.8 66 63.1
 Saint Lucia Decrease 50 68.2 Decrease -0.5 Increase 38 68.7 Increase 1.1 Increase 51 67.6 Increase 2.6 Decrease 62 65.0 Decrease -5.0 Decrease 38 70.0 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 35 70.2 Decrease -0.5 Decrease 33 70.7 Increase 0.3 32 70.4
 Costa Rica Decrease 68 65.8 Increase 0.5 Decrease 61 65.3 Decrease -0.3 Increase 57 65.6 Increase 0.6 Decrease 63 65.0 Decrease -2.4 Increase 50 67.4 Increase 0.2 Increase 51 67.2 Increase 0.3 Decrease 53 66.9 Decrease -0.1 49 67.0
 Saudi Arabia Increase 83 62.4 Increase 1.7 Increase 91 60.7 Increase 1.1 Decrease 98 59.6 Decrease -4.8 Increase 64 64.4 Increase 2.3 Decrease 78 62.1 Steady 0.0 Steady 77 62.1 Decrease -0.1 Increase 77 62.2 Increase 1.6 82 60.6
 Albania Decrease 57 66.9 Increase 0.4 Increase 52 66.5 Increase 2.0 Steady 65 64.5 Increase 0.1 Decrease 65 64.4 Decrease -1.5 Increase 59 65.9 Increase 0.2 Decrease 63 65.7 Decrease -1.2 Increase 54 66.9 Increase 1.7 58 65.2
 El Salvador Decrease 90 61.6 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 84 61.8 Decrease -1.4 Decrease 75 63.2 Decrease -0.9 Decrease 66 64.1 Decrease -1.0 Decrease 63 65.1 Decrease -0.6 Decrease 62 65.7 Decrease -0.5 Decrease 59 66.2 Decrease -0.5 53 66.7
 Dominica Decrease 97 60.8 Decrease -2.8 Decrease 72 63.6 Decrease -0.9 Increase 66 64.5 Increase 0.8 Decrease 67 63.7 Decrease -3.3 Increase 53 67.0 Increase 0.9 Increase 61 66.1 Increase 0.9 Increase 63 65.2 Increase 1.3 64 63.9
 Azerbaijan Increase 44 69.3 Increase 3.9 Increase 60 65.4 Increase 1.1 Increase 67 64.3 Increase 0.7 Increase 68 63.6 Increase 3.4 Decrease 91 60.2 Decrease -0.8 Decrease 85 61.0 Decrease -0.3 Increase 81 61.3 Increase 1.6 88 59.7 -
 Spain Decrease 58 66.9 Increase 1.2 Increase 57 65.7 Increase 0.6 Increase 60 65.1 Increase 1.5 Decrease 69 63.6 Decrease -4.9 Increase 43 68.5 Increase 0.9 Steady 49 67.6 Increase 0.4 Decrease 49 67.2 Decrease -0.8 46 68.0 -
 Mexico Decrease 67 66.0 Increase 1.3 Decrease 66 64.7 Decrease -0.1 Increase 63 64.8 Increase 1.2 Decrease 70 63.6 Decrease -1.6 Decrease 62 65.2 Decrease -1.2 Decrease 59 66.4 Decrease -0.4 Decrease 55 66.8 Decrease -0.2 50 67.0 -
 Fiji Increase 77 63.4 Increase 1.2 Increase 81 62.2 Increase 0.2 Decrease 84 62.0 Decrease -1.4 Increase 71 63.4 Increase 4.6 Decrease 107 58.8 Decrease -0.2 Increase 98 59.0 Increase 0.3 Increase 99 58.7 Increase 1.5 105 57.2 -
 France Increase 64 66.0 Increase 2.2 Steady 71 63.8 Decrease -0.1 Increase 71 63.9 Increase 0.6 Increase 72 63.3 Increase 1.0 Decrease 75 62.3 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 73 62.5 Decrease -1.0 Decrease 70 63.5 Decrease -0.6 62 64.1 -
 Tonga Increase 107 58.8 Increase 1.1 Decrease 108 57.7 Decrease -5.4 Decrease 76 63.1 Increase 0.1 Increase 73 63.0 Increase 3.4 Steady 95 59.6 Increase 0.3 Increase 95 59.3 Increase 1.1 Increase 104 58.2 Increase 2.2 112 56.0 -
 Guatemala Increase 73 64.0 Increase 1.4 Decrease 77 62.6 Decrease -0.8 Increase 73 63.4 Increase 0.4 Increase 74 63.0 Increase 1.2 Increase 82 61.8 Increase 1.4 Decrease 87 60.4 Decrease -0.8 Increase 83 61.2 Increase 1.2 85 60.0 -
 Ivory Coast Decrease 101 59.7 Decrease -2.7 Increase 78 62.4 Increase 0.4 Decrease 85 62.0 Decrease -1.0 Increase 75 63.0 Increase 3.0 Increase 92 60.0 Increase 1.5 Increase 103 58.5 Increase 0.8 Increase 107 57.7 Increase 3.6 126 54.1 -
 Dominican Republic Decrease 95 60.9 Decrease -0.1 Steady 89 61.0 Decrease -0.6 Decrease 89 61.6 Decrease -1.3 Increase 76 62.9 Increase 1.9 Decrease 88 61.0 Steady 0.0 Decrease 86 61.0 Decrease -0.3 Increase 80 61.3 Increase 1.6 87 59.7 -
 Portugal Increase 56 67.0 Increase 1.7 Increase 62 65.3 Increase 1.9 Increase 72 63.4 Increase 0.8 Decrease 77 62.6 Decrease -2.5 Steady 64 65.1 Decrease -0.2 Increase 64 65.3 Increase 1.8 Decrease 69 63.5 Increase 0.4 67 63.1 -
 Namibia Increase 96 60.9 Increase 2.2 Increase 99 58.7 Increase 0.2 Decrease 103 58.5 Decrease -4.0 Increase 78 62.5 Increase 0.6 Increase 81 61.9 Increase 2.3 Increase 93 59.6 Increase 0.2 Decrease 94 59.4 Decrease -0.9 84 60.3 -
 Italy Increase 74 63.8 Increase 1.6 Decrease 80 62.2 Decrease -0.3 Steady 79 62.5 Steady 0.0 Increase 79 62.5 Increase 1.3 Decrease 86 61.2 Decrease -0.5 Increase 80 61.7 Increase 0.8 Decrease 86 60.9 Increase 0.3 83 60.6 -
 Paraguay Increase 80 63.0 Increase 1.2 Decrease 85 61.8 Decrease -0.3 Decrease 82 62.1 Decrease -0.3 Increase 80 62.4 Increase 0.9 Steady 83 61.5 Increase 0.4 Decrease 83 61.1 Decrease -0.9 Increase 78 62.0 Increase 0.9 80 61.1 -
 South Africa Decrease 106 58.8 Increase 0.5 Decrease 102 58.3 Decrease -4.7 Increase 77 63.0 Increase 0.7 Decrease 81 62.3 Increase 0.4 Decrease 80 61.9 Decrease -0.7 Increase 72 62.6 Increase 0.1 Decrease 75 62.5 Increase 0.7 74 61.8 -
 Oman Increase 75 63.6 Increase 2.6 Increase 88 61.0 Steady 0.0 Decrease 93 61.0 Decrease -1.1 Decrease 82 62.1 Decrease -5.0 Increase 52 67.1 Increase 0.4 Decrease 56 66.7 Decrease -0.7 Decrease 48 67.4 Decrease -0.7 45 68.1 -
 Montenegro Increase 91 61.5 Increase 1.0 Decrease 92 60.5 Decrease -3.8 Increase 68 64.3 Increase 2.3 Decrease 83 62.0 Decrease -2.9 Increase 65 64.9 Increase 0.2 Increase 66 64.7 Increase 1.1 Increase 68 63.6 Increase 1.0 70 62.6 -
 Indonesia Increase 54 67.2 Increase 1.4 Increase 56 65.8 Increase 1.6 Increase 69 64.2 Increase 2.3 Increase 84 61.9 Increase 2.5 Increase 99 59.4 Increase 1.3 Decrease 105 58.1 Decrease -0.4 Increase 100 58.5 Increase 1.6 108 56.9 -
 Seychelles Increase 72 64.3 Increase 2.9 Increase 87 61.4 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 88 61.6 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 85 61.8 Decrease -0.4 Increase 76 62.2 Increase 4.7 Increase 114 57.5 Increase 1.3 Increase 117 56.2 Increase 1.3 124 54.9 -
 Morocco Decrease 78 63.3 Increase 0.4 Increase 75 62.9 Increase 1.0 Steady 86 61.9 Increase 0.4 Decrease 86 61.5 Increase 0.2 Increase 85 61.3 Increase 1.2 Increase 89 60.1 Increase 1.8 Decrease 103 58.3 Decrease -1.3 90 59.6 -
 Trinidad and Tobago Increase 109 58.3 Increase 1.3 Steady 112 57.0 Decrease -0.7 Decrease 112 57.7 Decrease -3.5 Decrease 87 61.2 Decrease -1.7 Decrease 73 62.9 Decrease -1.2 Increase 67 64.1 Increase 1.4 Decrease 73 62.7 Increase 0.4 72 62.3 -
 Eswatini Increase 131 55.3 Increase 0.6 Decrease 132 54.7 Decrease -1.2 Decrease 123 55.9 Decrease -5.2 Increase 88 61.1 Increase 1.4 Decrease 94 59.7 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 91 59.9 Decrease -1.3 Increase 82 61.2 Increase 4.0 104 57.2 -
 Kyrgyzstan Decrease 81 62.9 Increase 0.6 Decrease 79 62.3 Decrease -0.5 Increase 78 62.8 Increase 1.7 Increase 89 61.1 Increase 1.5 Decrease 96 59.6 Decrease -1.7 Increase 82 61.3 Increase 0.2 Increase 85 61.1 Increase 1.5 89 59.6 -
 Bahamas Increase 69 64.5 Increase 1.6 Decrease 76 62.9 Decrease -0.4 Increase 74 63.3 Increase 2.2 Decrease 90 61.1 Decrease -9.8 Increase 31 70.9 Increase 2.2 Decrease 41 68.7 Decrease -1.1 Decrease 36 69.8 Decrease -0.3 35 70.1 -
 Uganda Decrease 102 59.5 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 95 59.7 Decrease -2.3 Increase 83 62.0 Increase 1.1 Increase 91 60.9 Increase 1.6 Decrease 102 59.3 Decrease -0.4 Decrease 92 59.7 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 91 59.9 Decrease -1.2 79 61.1 -
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Increase 82 62.6 Increase 0.7 Increase 83 61.9 Increase 0.5 Increase 91 61.4 Increase 1.2 Increase 92 60.2 Increase 1.6 Decrease 108 58.6 Decrease -0.4 Increase 97 59.0 Increase 0.6 Increase 101 58.4 Increase 1.1 103 57.3 -
 Burkina Faso Decrease 117 56.7 Decrease -2.7 Decrease 96 59.4 Decrease -0.6 Decrease 95 60.0 Increase 0.4 Increase 93 59.6 Increase 0.5 Decrease 104 59.1 Increase 0.5 Decrease 102 58.6 Decrease -0.3 Decrease 98 58.9 Decrease -1.0 86 59.9 -
 Cambodia Decrease 113 57.3 Decrease -0.5 Decrease 105 57.8 Decrease -0.9 Decrease 101 58.7 Decrease -0.8 Increase 94 59.5 Increase 1.6 Decrease 112 57.9 Increase 0.4 Decrease 110 57.5 Increase 0.1 Decrease 108 57.4 Decrease -1.1 95 58.5 -
 Croatia Increase 84 62.2 Increase 0.8 Increase 86 61.4 Increase 0.4 Increase 92 61.0 Increase 1.6 Increase 95 59.4 Increase 0.3 Decrease 103 59.1 Decrease -2.4 Increase 81 61.5 Increase 1.1 Decrease 87 60.4 Decrease -0.9 78 61.3 -
 Benin Decrease 133 55.2 Decrease -0.1 Decrease 127 55.3 Decrease -1.4 Decrease 120 56.7 Decrease -2.5 Increase 96 59.2 Decrease -0.1 Decrease 101 59.3 Increase 0.5 Increase 99 58.8 Increase 1.7 Decrease 113 57.1 Decrease -0.5 101 57.6 -
 Slovenia Increase 52 67.8 Increase 2.3 Increase 58 65.5 Increase 0.7 Increase 64 64.8 Increase 5.6 Decrease 97 59.2 Decrease -1.4 Decrease 90 60.6 Increase 0.3 Decrease 88 60.3 Decrease -2.4 Increase 74 62.7 Increase 1.0 76 61.7 -
 Nicaragua Decrease 115 57.2 Decrease -0.5 Decrease 107 57.7 Decrease -1.2 Decrease 100 58.9 Decrease -0.3 Increase 98 59.2 Increase 0.6 Decrease 109 58.6 Increase 1.0 Decrease 108 57.6 Decrease -0.8 Increase 102 58.4 Increase 1.8 110 56.6 -
 Serbia Increase 65 66.0 Increase 2.1 Increase 69 63.9 Increase 1.4 Increase 80 62.5 Increase 3.6 Decrease 99 58.9 Decrease -3.2 Increase 77 62.1 Increase 2.1 Increase 90 60.0 Increase 0.6 Decrease 95 59.4 Increase 0.8 94 58.6 -
 Honduras Steady 93 61.1 Increase 0.9 Increase 93 60.2 Decrease -0.4 Increase 94 60.6 Increase 1.8 Increase 100 58.8 Increase 1.1 Increase 113 57.7 Increase 0.3 Decrease 116 57.4 Increase 0.3 Decrease 112 57.1 Decrease -1.3 96 58.4 -
 Belize Increase 111 57.4 Increase 2.0 Decrease 123 55.4 Decrease -1.7 Decrease 116 57.1 Decrease -1.5 Increase 101 58.6 Increase 1.2 Decrease 118 57.4 Increase 0.6 Decrease 117 56.8 Increase 0.1 Decrease 115 56.7 Decrease -0.6 102 57.3 -
 Mali Decrease 126 55.9 Decrease -2.2 Increase 103 58.1 Increase 0.5 Decrease 113 57.6 Decrease -1.0 Increase 102 58.6 Increase 2.1 Decrease 121 56.5 Increase 0.1 Increase 119 56.4 Increase 0.9 Decrease 122 55.5 Decrease -0.9 111 56.4 -
 Gabon Steady 118 56.7 Increase 0.4 Decrease 118 56.3 Decrease -1.7 Decrease 109 58.0 Decrease -0.6 Increase 103 58.6 Decrease -0.4 Decrease 105 59.0 Increase 0.7 Increase 104 58.3 Increase 0.5 Decrease 105 57.8 Steady 0.0 99 57.8 -
 Belarus Increase 88 61.7 Increase 3.8 Increase 104 57.9 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 108 58.1 Decrease -0.5 Increase 104 58.6 Increase 9.8 Decrease 157 48.8 Decrease -1.0 Decrease 153 49.8 Decrease -0.3 Increase 150 50.1 Increase 2.1 154 48.0 -
 Tanzania Increase 89 61.7 Increase 1.5 Increase 94 60.2 Increase 0.3 Increase 97 59.9 Increase 1.3 Increase 105 58.6 Increase 0.1 Decrease 110 58.5 Increase 1.0 Decrease 109 57.5 Decrease -0.3 Decrease 106 57.8 Decrease -0.1 98 57.9 -
 Guyana Decrease 124 56.2 Decrease -0.6 Decrease 113 56.8 Decrease -1.9 Increase 102 58.7 Increase 0.2 Increase 106 58.5 Increase 3.1 Decrease 127 55.4 Decrease -0.1 Decrease 123 55.5 Decrease -0.2 Increase 121 55.7 Increase 1.9 129 53.8 -
 Bhutan Decrease 85 62.1 Decrease -0.8 Increase 74 62.9 Increase 1.1 Increase 87 61.8 Increase 3.4 Decrease 107 58.4 Decrease -1.1 Increase 97 59.5 Increase 2.1 Increase 115 57.4 Increase 0.7 Increase 116 56.7 Increase 1.7 122 55.0 -
 Samoa Decrease 86 62.1 Decrease -0.1 Increase 82 62.2 Increase 0.7 Increase 90 61.5 Increase 3.1 Decrease 108 58.4 Decrease -5.1 Increase 69 63.5 Increase 1.6 Increase 78 61.9 Increase 0.8 Increase 84 61.1 Increase 4.0 106 57.1 -
 Tajikistan Decrease 155 52.2 Decrease -3.4 Decrease 122 55.6 Decrease -2.7 Increase 106 58.3 Increase 0.1 Increase 109 58.2 Increase 6.9 Decrease 149 51.3 Decrease -1.4 Decrease 140 52.7 Increase 0.7 Decrease 139 52.0 Decrease -1.4 131 53.4 -
 Moldova Increase 87 62.0 Increase 2.9 Increase 97 59.1 Increase 0.7 Increase 105 58.4 Increase 0.4 Increase 110 58.0 Increase 0.6 Decrease 117 57.4 Decrease -0.1 Decrease 111 57.5 Increase 0.2 Increase 110 57.3 Increase 1.8 115 55.5 -
 China Decrease 103 59.5 Increase 1.1 Increase 100 58.4 Increase 0.6 Increase 110 57.8 Increase 0.4 Increase 111 57.4 Increase 5.4 Decrease 144 52.0 Decrease -0.7 Decrease 139 52.7 Increase 0.2 Decrease 137 52.5 Increase 0.6 136 51.9 -
 Sri Lanka Increase 112 57.4 Increase 1.0 Decrease 115 56.4 Decrease -1.4 Increase 111 57.8 Increase 0.4 Decrease 112 57.4 Decrease -2.5 Increase 93 59.9 Increase 1.3 Decrease 101 58.6 Decrease -1.4 Decrease 90 60.0 Decrease -0.7 81 60.7 -
 Madagascar Increase 99 60.5 Increase 3.9 Increase 114 56.6 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 119 56.8 Decrease -0.6 Decrease 113 57.4 Decrease -3.7 Decrease 87 61.1 Decrease -0.6 Steady 79 61.7 Steady 0.0 Decrease 79 61.7 Decrease -0.3 73 62.0 -
 Russia Increase 94 61.0 Increase 2.1 Increase 98 58.9 Increase 0.7 Increase 107 58.2 Increase 1.1 Increase 114 57.1 Increase 6.5 Decrease 153 50.6 Decrease -1.5 Decrease 143 52.1 Increase 0.2 Decrease 140 51.9 Increase 0.8 139 51.1 -
 Nigeria Decrease 116 57.2 Decrease -0.1 Decrease 111 57.3 Decrease -1.2 Increase 104 58.5 Increase 1.4 Increase 115 57.1 Decrease -0.4 Increase 116 57.5 Increase 1.9 Increase 120 55.6 Increase 1.3 Decrease 129 54.3 Decrease -0.8 120 55.1 -
 Cape Verde Decrease 76 63.6 Increase 0.5 Increase 73 63.1 Increase 3.1 Increase 96 60.0 Increase 3.1 Decrease 116 56.9 Decrease -9.6 Increase 57 66.5 Increase 0.1 Steady 60 66.4 Increase 0.3 Increase 60 66.1 Increase 2.4 65 63.7 -
 Democratic Republic of the Congo Decrease 162 49.5 Decrease -0.8 Decrease 157 50.3 Decrease -1.8 Decrease 147 52.1 Decrease -4.3 Increase 117 56.4 Increase 10.0 Increase 163 46.4 Increase 1.4 Increase 168 45.0 Increase 4.4 Decrease 172 40.6 Increase 1.0 171 39.6 -
 Ghana Increase 104 59.4 Increase 1.9 Increase 109 57.5 Increase 1.5 Decrease 122 56.0 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 118 56.2 Decrease -6.8 Decrease 72 63.0 Steady 0.0 Decrease 71 63.0 Decrease -1.2 Increase 66 64.2 Increase 2.9 77 61.3 -
 Guinea-Bissau Decrease 148 53.3 Decrease -0.7 Decrease 135 54.0 Decrease -2.9 Increase 118 56.9 Increase 0.8 Increase 119 56.1 Increase 4.3 Steady 145 51.8 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 145 52.0 Increase 0.7 Decrease 143 51.3 Increase 0.2 138 51.1 -
 Senegal Increase 110 58.0 Increase 1.7 Increase 117 56.3 Increase 0.6 Decrease 126 55.7 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 120 55.9 Decrease -2.2 Decrease 111 58.1 Increase 0.3 Increase 106 57.8 Increase 2.4 Decrease 125 55.4 Decrease -0.1 116 55.5 -
 Comoros Decrease 143 53.7 Decrease -1.7 Decrease 124 55.4 Decrease -0.8 Steady 121 56.2 Increase 0.4 Increase 121 55.8 Increase 3.4 Increase 141 52.4 Increase 0.3 Steady 142 52.1 Increase 0.7 Increase 142 51.4 Increase 3.9 157 47.5 -
 Zambia Decrease 147 53.5 Decrease -0.1 Decrease 138 53.6 Decrease -0.7 Decrease 132 54.3 Decrease -1.5 Decrease 122 55.8 Decrease -3.0 Decrease 106 58.8 Increase 0.1 Decrease 100 58.7 Decrease -1.7 Increase 88 60.4 Increase 1.7 93 58.7 -
 Tunisia Decrease 128 55.8 Increase 0.4 Decrease 125 55.4 Decrease -3.5 Increase 99 58.9 Increase 3.2 Decrease 123 55.7 Decrease -1.9 Decrease 114 57.6 Decrease -0.1 Increase 107 57.7 Increase 0.4 Decrease 109 57.3 Increase 0.3 107 57.0 -
 São Tomé and Príncipe Increase 125 56.2 Increase 2.2 Increase 134 54.0 Increase 0.4 Decrease 137 53.6 Decrease -1.8 Decrease 124 55.4 Decrease -1.3 Increase 120 56.7 Increase 3.4 Increase 136 53.3 Increase 4.5 Decrease 157 48.8 Increase 0.8 153 48.0 -
 Nepal Decrease 139 54.2 Increase 0.4 Decrease 136 53.8 Decrease -0.3 Decrease 133 54.1 Decrease -1.0 Increase 125 55.1 Increase 4.2 Increase 151 50.9 Decrease -0.4 Decrease 152 51.3 Increase 1.2 Decrease 149 50.1 Decrease -0.3 141 50.4 -
 Solomon Islands Decrease 150 52.9 Decrease -1.7 Decrease 133 54.6 Decrease -2.9 Increase 114 57.5 Increase 2.5 Increase 126 55.0 Increase 8.0 Decrease 161 47.0 Steady 0.0 Increase 159 47.0 Increase 0.8 Steady 165 46.2 Increase 1.2 165 45.0 -
 Greece Increase 100 59.9 Increase 2.2 Increase 106 57.7 Increase 0.4 Increase 115 57.3 Increase 2.3 Increase 127 55.0 Increase 1.8 Decrease 138 53.2 Decrease -0.8 Decrease 130 54.0 Decrease -1.7 Decrease 119 55.7 Increase 0.3 117 55.4 -
 Bangladesh Decrease 122 56.4 Increase 0.8 Increase 121 55.6 Increase 0.5 Steady 128 55.1 Increase 0.1 Increase 128 55.0 Increase 1.7 Decrease 137 53.3 Decrease -0.6 Steady 131 53.9 Decrease -0.2 Increase 131 54.1 Increase 1.5 132 52.6 -
 Mongolia Decrease 127 55.9 Increase 0.5 Decrease 126 55.4 Decrease -0.3 Increase 125 55.7 Increase 0.9 Decrease 129 54.8 Decrease -4.6 Decrease 100 59.4 Increase 0.2 Increase 96 59.2 Increase 0.3 Decrease 97 58.9 Decrease -2.8 75 61.7 -
 Barbados Decrease 92 61.4 Decrease -3.3 Increase 67 64.7 Increase 7.7 Increase 117 57.0 Increase 2.5 Decrease 130 54.5 Decrease -13.8 Increase 45 68.3 Increase 0.4 Decrease 46 67.9 Decrease -0.4 Decrease 45 68.3 Decrease -1.0 39 69.3 -
 Mauritania Decrease 130 55.3 Decrease -0.4 Increase 119 55.7 Increase 1.7 Decrease 134 54.0 Decrease -0.4 Decrease 131 54.4 Decrease -0.4 Increase 128 54.8 Increase 1.5 Decrease 135 53.3 Increase 0.1 Steady 134 53.2 Increase 0.9 134 52.3 -
 Federated States of Micronesia Decrease 156 52.0 Increase 0.1 Decrease 149 51.9 Decrease -0.4 Decrease 143 52.3 Decrease -1.8 Increase 132 54.1 Increase 2.3 Increase 147 51.8 Increase 2.2 Decrease 154 49.6 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 153 49.8 Decrease -0.3 143 50.1 -
 Laos Decrease 129 55.5 Decrease -1.9 Increase 110 57.4 Increase 3.8 Decrease 138 53.6 Decrease -0.4 Increase 133 54.0 Increase 4.2 Decrease 155 49.8 Decrease -1.6 Decrease 150 51.4 Increase 0.2 Steady 144 51.2 Increase 1.1 144 50.1 -
 Lesotho Increase 138 54.5 Increase 1.4 Decrease 142 53.1 Decrease -0.8 Decrease 136 53.9 Steady 0.0 Increase 134 53.9 Increase 3.3 Increase 152 50.6 Increase 1.0 Decrease 155 49.6 Increase 0.1 Increase 154 49.5 Increase 1.6 155 47.9 -
 Kenya Decrease 132 55.3 Increase 0.2 Decrease 130 55.1 Increase 0.4 Increase 129 54.7 Increase 1.2 Decrease 135 53.5 Decrease -4.0 Increase 115 57.5 Increase 1.9 Decrease 122 55.6 Decrease -1.5 Increase 111 57.1 Increase 1.2 114 55.9 -
 Gambia Increase 123 56.3 Increase 3.9 Decrease 146 52.4 Increase 0.1 Decrease 145 52.3 Decrease -1.1 Decrease 136 53.4 Decrease -3.7 Decrease 119 57.1 Decrease -0.4 Decrease 113 57.5 Decrease -2.0 Steady 92 59.5 Increase 0.7 92 58.8 -
 Lebanon Decrease 157 51.7 Increase 0.6 Decrease 154 51.1 Decrease -2.1 Decrease 140 53.2 Decrease -0.1 Decrease 137 53.3 Decrease -6.2 Decrease 98 59.5 Increase 0.2 Increase 94 59.3 Decrease -0.1 Decrease 96 59.4 Decrease -0.1 91 59.5 -
 Togo Increase 140 54.1 Increase 3.8 Increase 158 50.3 Increase 2.5 Decrease 168 47.8 Decrease -5.4 Decrease 138 53.2 Decrease -0.4 Increase 135 53.6 Increase 0.1 Increase 138 53.0 Increase 3.1 Decrease 152 49.9 Increase 1.1 150 48.8 -
 Burundi Decrease 166 49.0 Increase 0.1 Decrease 162 48.9 Decrease -2.0 Decrease 157 50.9 Decrease -2.3 Decrease 139 53.2 Decrease -0.7 Decrease 133 53.9 Increase 0.2 Increase 132 53.7 Increase 2.3 Increase 141 51.4 Increase 2.4 148 49.0 -
 Brazil Increase 144 53.7 Increase 1.8 Increase 150 51.9 Increase 0.5 Decrease 153 51.4 Decrease -1.5 Decrease 140 52.9 Decrease -3.6 Decrease 122 56.5 Decrease -0.1 Decrease 118 56.6 Decrease -0.3 Decrease 114 56.9 Decrease -0.8 100 57.7 -
 Pakistan Decrease 135 54.8 Decrease -0.2 Steady 131 55.0 Increase 0.6 Increase 131 54.4 Increase 1.6 Decrease 141 52.8 Decrease -3.1 Decrease 126 55.9 Increase 0.3 Increase 121 55.6 Increase 0.4 Decrease 126 55.2 Increase 0.1 121 55.1 -
 Ethiopia Decrease 146 53.6 Steady 0.0 Increase 137 53.6 Increase 0.8 Steady 142 52.8 Increase 0.1 Increase 142 52.7 Increase 1.2 Increase 148 51.5 Steady 0.0 Increase 149 51.5 Increase 1.5 Decrease 151 50.0 Increase 0.6 146 49.4 -
 India Increase 120 56.5 Increase 1.3 Increase 129 55.2 Increase 0.7 Increase 130 54.5 Increase 1.9 Decrease 143 52.6 Decrease -3.6 Increase 123 56.2 Increase 1.6 Decrease 128 54.6 Decrease -1.1 Decrease 120 55.7 Increase 0.5 119 55.2 -
 Egypt Increase 142 54.0 Increase 1.5 Decrease 144 52.5 Decrease -0.9 Increase 139 53.4 Increase 0.8 Decrease 144 52.6 Decrease -3.4 Decrease 125 56.0 Increase 0.8 Increase 124 55.2 Increase 2.3 Decrease 135 52.9 Decrease -1.9 125 54.8 -
 Sierra Leone Decrease 168 48.0 Increase 0.5 Decrease 167 47.5 Decrease -4.3 Decrease 151 51.8 Decrease -0.8 Decrease 145 52.6 Increase 0.3 Increase 142 52.3 Increase 0.6 Increase 147 51.7 Increase 1.2 Increase 148 50.5 Increase 2.2 151 48.3 -
 Myanmar Decrease 141 54.0 Increase 0.4 Decrease 139 53.6 Decrease -0.3 Increase 135 53.9 Increase 1.4 Increase 146 52.5 Increase 3.8 Increase 158 48.7 Increase 1.8 Increase 161 46.9 Increase 0.4 Increase 162 46.5 Increase 7.3 172 39.2 -
 Vietnam Increase 105 58.8 Increase 3.5 Increase 128 55.3 Increase 2.2 Increase 141 53.1 Increase 0.7 Decrease 147 52.4 Decrease -1.6 Increase 131 54.0 Increase 2.3 Decrease 148 51.7 Increase 0.9 Decrease 147 50.8 Decrease -0.2 140 51.0 -
 Uzbekistan Increase 114 57.2 Increase 3.9 Increase 140 53.3 Increase 1.8 Decrease 152 51.5 Decrease -0.8 Increase 148 52.3 Increase 6.3 Decrease 166 46.0 Decrease -1.0 Increase 160 47.0 Increase 0.5 Decrease 163 46.5 Increase 0.5 162 46.0 -
 Malawi Increase 152 52.8 Increase 1.4 Decrease 153 51.4 Decrease -0.6 Increase 148 52.0 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 149 52.2 Increase 0.4 Decrease 146 51.8 Decrease -3.0 Decrease 126 54.8 Decrease -0.6 Decrease 124 55.4 Increase 0.1 118 55.3 -
 Cameroon Steady 145 53.6 Increase 1.2 Increase 145 52.4 Increase 0.5 Increase 149 51.9 Increase 0.1 Decrease 150 51.8 Decrease -2.4 Increase 130 54.2 Increase 2.3 Decrease 146 51.9 Decrease -0.7 Decrease 136 52.6 Increase 0.3 133 52.3 -
 Central African Republic Increase 159 50.7 Increase 1.6 Increase 161 49.1 Decrease -0.1 Decrease 163 49.2 Decrease -2.6 Increase 151 51.8 Increase 6.6 Decrease 168 45.2 Decrease -0.7 Decrease 166 45.9 Decrease -0.8 Decrease 161 46.7 Decrease -3.7 142 50.4 -
 Papua New Guinea Decrease 108 58.4 Steady 0.0 Increase 101 58.4 Increase 2.7 Increase 127 55.7 Increase 4.8 Decrease 152 50.9 Decrease -2.3 Decrease 140 53.2 Increase 0.1 Decrease 137 53.1 Decrease -0.8 Decrease 132 53.9 Increase 0.3 130 53.6 -
 Kiribati Decrease 172 45.2 Decrease -2.1 Decrease 168 47.3 Decrease -3.5 Decrease 159 50.8 Decrease -0.1 Increase 153 50.9 Increase 4.7 Decrease 165 46.2 Decrease -0.2 Steady 164 46.4 Increase 0.1 Decrease 164 46.3 Increase 0.4 163 45.9 -
 Niger Increase 137 54.7 Increase 3.1 Increase 151 51.6 Increase 2.1 Decrease 160 49.5 Decrease -1.3 Decrease 154 50.8 Decrease -3.5 Decrease 129 54.3 Decrease -0.3 Steady 127 54.6 Decrease -0.5 Increase 127 55.1 Increase 1.2 128 53.9 -
 Iran Decrease 164 49.2 Decrease -1.9 Increase 155 51.1 Increase 0.2 Decrease 156 50.9 Increase 0.4 Increase 155 50.5 Increase 7.0 Steady 171 43.5 Increase 1.7 Increase 171 41.8 Increase 1.5 Decrease 173 40.3 Decrease -2.9 168 43.2 -
 Argentina Decrease 149 53.1 Increase 0.9 Decrease 148 52.2 Decrease -0.1 Increase 144 52.3 Increase 1.9 Increase 156 50.4 Increase 6.6 Steady 169 43.8 Decrease -0.3 Decrease 169 44.1 Decrease -0.5 Decrease 166 44.6 Decrease -2.1 160 46.7 -
 Maldives Increase 119 56.5 Increase 3.3 Increase 141 53.2 Increase 2.1 Increase 155 51.1 Increase 0.8 Decrease 157 50.3 Decrease -3.6 Increase 132 53.9 Increase 0.5 Increase 134 53.4 Increase 2.4 Increase 145 51.0 Increase 2.0 149 49.0 -
 Mozambique Increase 160 50.5 Increase 1.9 Increase 163 48.6 Increase 2.3 Decrease 170 46.3 Decrease -3.6 Decrease 158 49.9 Decrease -3.3 Decrease 139 53.2 Decrease -1.6 Increase 125 54.8 Decrease -0.2 Decrease 128 55.0 Steady 0 123 55.0 -
 Haiti Decrease 153 52.3 Decrease -0.4 Decrease 143 52.7 Decrease -3.1 Increase 124 55.8 Increase 6.2 Decrease 159 49.6 Decrease -1.7 Increase 150 51.3 Steady 0.0 Increase 151 51.3 Increase 2.4 Decrease 156 48.9 Increase 0.8 152 48.1 -
 Ecuador Increase 158 51.3 Increase 4.4 Decrease 170 46.9 Decrease -1.6 Decrease 165 48.5 Decrease -0.8 Decrease 160 49.3 Increase 0.7 Decrease 159 48.6 Decrease -0.6 Increase 156 49.2 Increase 1.2 Steady 159 48.0 Increase 1.1 159 46.9 -
 Liberia Decrease 165 49.0 Decrease -0.7 Decrease 160 49.7 Decrease -1.2 Increase 158 50.9 Increase 1.8 Decrease 161 49.1 Decrease -3.1 Decrease 143 52.2 Decrease -0.5 Decrease 141 52.7 Increase 0.3 Increase 138 52.4 Increase 3.1 147 49.3 -
 Chad Decrease 161 50.2 Increase 0.3 Increase 159 49.9 Increase 0.6 Steady 162 49.3 Increase 0.3 Increase 162 49.0 Increase 2.7 Increase 164 46.3 Increase 0.4 Increase 165 45.9 Increase 1.4 Decrease 167 44.5 Decrease -0.7 164 45.2 -
 Sudan Decrease 173 45.0 Decrease -2.7 Decrease 166 47.7 Decrease -1.7 Increase 161 49.4 Increase 0.6 164 48.8 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
 Angola Increase 154 52.2 Increase 1.6 Increase 156 50.6 Increase 2.0 Increase 164 48.6 Increase 0.1 Decrease 165 48.5 Decrease -0.4 Increase 156 48.9 Increase 1.0 Increase 158 47.9 Increase 0.2 Decrease 160 47.7 Increase 0.4 158 47.3 -
 Ukraine Increase 134 54.9 Increase 2.6 Increase 147 52.3 Increase 0.4 Increase 150 51.9 Increase 3.8 Decrease 166 48.1 Increase 1.3 Steady 162 46.8 Decrease -0.1 Decrease 162 46.9 Decrease -2.4 Increase 155 49.3 Increase 3.0 161 46.3 -
 Suriname Increase 163 49.5 Increase 1.4 Increase 165 48.1 Steady 0.0 Increase 166 48.1 Increase 0.1 Decrease 167 48.0 Decrease -5.8 Decrease 134 53.8 Decrease -0.4 Increase 129 54.2 Steady 0.0 Increase 130 54.2 Increase 2.2 135 52.0 -
 Bolivia Decrease 175 42.8 Increase 0.5 Steady 173 42.3 Decrease -1.8 Decrease 173 44.1 Decrease -3.6 Decrease 168 47.7 Increase 0.3 Increase 160 47.4 Increase 0.6 Decrease 163 46.8 Decrease -1.6 Decrease 158 48.4 Increase 0.5 156 47.9 -
 Guinea Decrease 121 56.5 Increase 0.8 Increase 120 55.7 Increase 3.5 Increase 146 52.2 Increase 4.6 Decrease 169 47.6 Decrease -5.7 Increase 136 53.3 Increase 1.2 Decrease 144 52.1 Decrease -1.4 Increase 133 53.5 Increase 2.3 137 51.2 -
 Turkmenistan Decrease 170 46.5 Decrease -1.9 Increase 164 48.4 Increase 1.3 Increase 169 47.1 Decrease -0.3 Increase 170 47.4 Increase 5.5 Decrease 174 41.9 Increase 0.5 Decrease 172 41.4 Decrease -0.8 Decrease 171 42.2 Decrease -0.4 169 42.6 -
 Djibouti Increase 151 52.9 Increase 5.8 Increase 169 47.1 Increase 2.0 Steady 171 45.1 Decrease -1.6 Decrease 171 46.7 Decrease -9.3 Decrease 124 56.0 Decrease -1.5 Increase 112 57.5 Increase 1.6 Increase 118 55.9 Increase 2.0 127 53.9 -
 Algeria Increase 169 46.9 Increase 0.7 Increase 171 46.2 Increase 1.5 Steady 172 44.7 Decrease -1.8 Decrease 172 46.5 Decrease -3.6 Increase 154 50.1 Increase 1.2 Decrease 157 48.9 Decrease -1.9 Decrease 146 50.8 Increase 1.2 145 49.6 -
 Timor-Leste Increase 171 45.9 Increase 1.7 Decrease 172 44.2 Decrease -3.9 Increase 167 48.1 Increase 1.8 Decrease 173 46.3 Increase 0.5 Steady 167 45.8 Increase 0.3 Increase 167 45.5 Increase 2.3 Decrease 170 43.2 Decrease -0.5 166 43.7 -
 Equatorial Guinea Increase 167 48.3 Increase 7.3 Increase 174 41.0 Decrease -1.0 Decrease 175 42.0 Decrease -3.0 Decrease 174 45.0 Increase 1.3 Increase 170 43.7 Increase 3.3 Decrease 173 40.4 Decrease -4.0 Increase 168 44.4 Increase 2.1 170 42.3 -
 Zimbabwe Increase 174 43.1 Increase 2.7 Decrease 175 40.4 Decrease -3.6 Increase 174 44.0 Steady 0.0 Steady 175 44.0 Increase 5.8 Steady 175 38.2 Increase 0.6 Increase 175 37.6 Increase 2.1 Decrease 176 35.5 Increase 6.9 175 28.6 -
 Eritrea Steady 177 38.5 Decrease -0.4 Decrease 177 38.9 Decrease -2.8 Steady 176 41.7 Decrease -0.5 Decrease 176 42.2 Decrease -0.5 Increase 173 42.7 Increase 3.8 Steady 174 38.9 Increase 0.4 Decrease 174 38.5 Increase 2.2 173 36.3 -
 Republic of the Congo Steady 176 41.8 Increase 2.1 Increase 176 39.7 Increase 0.8 Steady 177 38.9 Decrease -1.1 Decrease 177 40.0 Decrease -2.8 Decrease 172 42.8 Increase 0.1 Decrease 170 42.7 Decrease -1.0 Decrease 169 43.7 Increase 0.2 167 43.5 -
 Cuba Steady 178 26.9 Decrease -0.9 Steady 178 27.8 Decrease -4.1 Steady 178 31.9 Decrease -2.0 Decrease 178 33.9 Increase 4.1 Steady 177 29.8 Increase 0.2 Steady 177 29.6 Increase 0.9 Decrease 177 28.7 Increase 0.2 176 28.5 -
 Venezuela Steady 179 25.2 Decrease -0.7 Steady 179 25.9 Increase 0.7 Steady 179 25.2 Decrease -1.8 Decrease 179 27.0 Decrease -6.7 Steady 176 33.7 Decrease -0.6 Decrease 176 34.3 Decrease -2.0 Decrease 175 36.3 Increase 0.2 174 36.1 -
 North Korea Steady 180 4.2 Decrease -1.7 Steady 180 5.9 Increase 0.1 Steady 180 5.8 Increase 0.9 Decrease 180 4.9 Increase 2.6 Steady 178 2.3 Increase 1.0 Steady 178 1.3 Increase 0.3 Decrease 178 1.0 Decrease -0.5 177 1.5 -
 Yemen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Decrease 133 53.7 Decrease -1.8 123 55.5 Decrease -0.4 113 55.9

2020 scores by aspects of economic freedom

Key: ██ Free (80–100) ██ Mostly Free (70.0–79.9) ██ Moderately Free (60.0–69.9) ██ Mostly Unfree (50.0–59.9) ██ Repressed (0–49.9)

Country Name 2020 Score Property Rights Judicial Effectiveness Government Integrity Tax Burden Gov't Spending Fiscal Health Business Freedom Labor Freedom Monetary Freedom Trade Freedom Investment Freedom Financial Freedom
Afghanistan 54.7 48.3 30.0 24.8 91.4 79.2 99.9 54.7 61.6 81 66.0 10 10
Albania 66.9 57.1 33.0 38.8 85.9 74.6 86.3 65.7 52.1 81.2 88.4 70 70
Algeria 46.9 37.9 35.0 28.3 75.4 52.6 17.3 63.0 50.5 76.2 66.2 30 30
Angola 52.2 36.9 14.3 15.1 87.3 85.7 71.9 57.7 61.1 59.6 66.2 30 40
Argentina 53.1 50.5 47.0 49.7 69.6 50.7 24.7 60.2 46.5 53.7 69.2 55 60
Armenia 70.6 60.7 54.1 43.4 84.9 80.6 68.8 81.0 72.5 76.0 80.6 75 70
Australia 82.6 82.8 86.1 89.3 63.0 61.6 91.8 87.8 84.0 86.2 88.2 80 90
Austria 73.3 87.3 73.2 84.0 51.3 27.2 87.9 73.0 68.3 81.0 86.4 90 70
Azerbaijan 69.3 67.1 53.9 38.7 88.0 63.0 99.2 80.8 66.2 69.8 74.6 70 60
Bahamas 64.5 54.9 46.4 46.0 96.8 87.4 69.2 69.0 70.0 76.3 47.8 50 60
Bahrain 66.3 70.6 48.4 51.0 99.4 66.1 2.6 70.5 71.1 81.1 79.4 75 80
Bangladesh 56.4 41.0 36.1 26.6 72.7 94.3 76.8 52.3 68.4 70.0 63.6 45 30
Barbados 61.4 56.6 36.1 44.0 73.6 69.2 63.1 69.4 60.0 77.9 56.6 70 60
Belarus 61.7 63.2 48.4 37.4 88.8 54.1 95.4 76.4 74.8 69.8 82.0 30 20
Belgium 68.9 84.5 62.5 80.2 46.7 17.2 77.0 75.2 61.1 80.5 86.4 85 70
Belize 57.4 44.4 46.4 33.5 79.5 66.3 53.9 60.9 54.3 80.4 64.2 55 50
Benin 55.2 41.3 36.4 29.6 69.0 84.2 46.6 58.0 53.7 84.3 49.4 60 50
Bhutan 62.1 69.9 46.4 51.2 82.9 71.1 74.8 68.2 79.4 71.6 79.4 20 30
Bolivia 42.8 20.1 11.2 23.1 86.3 54.2 14.2 58.3 52.9 69.9 67.8 15 40
Bosnia and Herzegovina 62.6 44.4 33.9 41.8 83.6 49.3 97.3 45.7 67.4 82.7 80.0 65 60
Botswana 69.6 60.9 45.2 46.4 87.0 69.1 97.5 69.3 68.2 73.6 82.8 65 70
Brazil 53.7 57.3 46.7 45.6 70.4 54.6 4.6 60.5 49.5 77.2 67.8 60 50
Brunei Darussalam 66.6 69.8 56.8 49.6 89.8 61.5 20.0 84.1 90.5 77.1 85.0 65 50
Bulgaria 70.2 64.2 45.4 44.2 90.3 66.1 99.2 62.6 68.1 85.7 86.4 70 60
Burkina Faso 56.7 46.9 42.6 34.1 81.3 77.0 49.2 47.6 52.1 82.4 61.8 65 40
Burma 54.0 32.5 14.3 31.5 86.6 87.5 84.6 53.1 59.9 77.5 70.8 30 20
Burundi 49.0 24.9 26.9 22.3 73.7 85.8 13.2 55.1 67.4 70.3 68.2 50 30
Cambodia 57.3 43.1 28.1 14.8 89.4 83.9 94.8 31.2 62.5 74.8 65.4 50 50
Cameroon 53.6 45.3 30.8 20.8 74.8 88.3 63.7 46.0 50.1 84.1 59.6 30 50
Canada 78.2 87.7 72.7 90.3 76.5 50.9 83.3 81.7 72.0 76.0 87.0 80 80
Cabo Verde 63.6 47.5 48.0 46.1 77.7 71.7 66.2 58.5 55.6 83.1 68.2 80 60
Central African Republic 50.7 38.1 31.7 24.3 65.5 93.5 95.3 24.3 40.4 73.3 47.2 45 30
Chad 50.2 32.4 27.4 15.1 45.8 93.5 95.6 26.8 43.0 76.1 47.2 60 40
Chile 76.8 69.9 61.1 73.4 76.4 80.8 90.5 75.0 64.7 85.2 89.0 85 70
China 59.5 60.9 76.3 46.0 70.4 67.9 67.5 76.8 64.4 71.1 72.4 20 20
Colombia 69.2 61.1 32.8 46.1 70.4 77.0 85.5 71.3 78.0 77.5 81.2 80 70
Comoros 53.7 43.1 31.7 23.8 63.6 73.6 85.0 47.8 60.3 81.7 59.2 45 30
Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo 49.5 30.1 26.5 13.1 74.4 95.4 98.0 51.2 41.6 49.6 64.6 30 20
Congo, Republic of 41.8 40.7 30.0 23.1 63.3 56.2 0.6 37.5 35.3 83.2 56.8 45 30
Costa Rica 65.8 66.7 54.4 57.2 78.9 88.4 39.7 66.5 55.0 81.2 81.4 70 50
Côte d'Ivoire 59.7 48.5 33.0 25.5 77.8 82.5 66.9 62.3 49.2 75.7 69.4 75 50
Croatia 62.2 69.9 39.6 51.0 65.9 34.7 89.1 53.6 44.0 77.6 86.4 75 60
Cuba 26.9 20.1 10.0 38.7 49.5 0.0 14.8 20.0 20.0 64.1 65.6 10 10
Cyprus 70.1 77.4 50.5 57.6 74.8 58.6 80.0 76.6 59.7 84.3 86.4 75 60
Czech Republic 74.8 76.8 49.9 64.2 82.0 52.7 97.8 69.7 77.6 80.8 86.4 80 80
Denmark 78.3 86.3 84.6 93.0 42.0 19.7 97.7 88.7 86.2 84.6 86.4 90 80
Djibouti 52.9 58.8 31.7 25.5 75.3 53.6 10.9 62.3 60.6 76.5 49.8 80 50
Dominica 60.8 59.8 62.6 51.2 70.5 16.0 86.2 70.4 60.7 83.5 68.4 70 30
Dominican Republic 60.9 55.8 18.2 31.2 84.5 90.5 82.4 50.3 57.5 73.5 76.6 70 40
Ecuador 51.3 40.4 20.7 33.4 77.5 57.9 62.3 53.8 48.0 81.0 66.0 35 40
Egypt 54.0 48.5 51.2 34.0 86.1 69.9 2.8 62.0 51.5 61.3 70.2 60 50
El Salvador 61.6 41.6 30.1 31.6 77.8 82.8 80.0 53.6 52.3 78.6 80.8 70 60
Equatorial Guinea 48.3 38.1 19.5 15.1 75.1 86.4 77.2 37.5 34.2 78.1 48.8 40 30
Eritrea 38.5 32.5 14.3 21.4 81.4 74.7 0.0 18.2 69.7 61.0 69.2 0 20
Estonia 77.7 83.2 73.7 85.9 81.1 53.3 99.9 73.5 57.3 78.6 86.4 90 70
Eswatini 55.3 49.8 42.4 37.2 72.8 62.8 17.6 58.9 67.9 75.2 88.6 50 40
Ethiopia 53.6 36.5 45.1 29.4 77.4 90.8 79.2 48.6 57.6 62.7 60.8 35 20
Fiji 63.4 69.9 42.6 45.6 80.5 68.9 84.2 62.6 76.2 72.5 52.8 55 50
Finland 75.7 92.3 80.5 96.1 67.5 11.2 90.7 84.8 50.3 83.6 86.4 85 80
France 66.0 85.9 71.2 83.3 48.8 4.5 67.1 82.5 46.1 76.7 81.4 75 70
Gabon 56.7 36.9 20.8 36.7 74.3 89.3 88.9 52.1 52.3 77.3 51.2 60 40
Gambia 56.3 43.9 43.4 39.2 74.6 85.6 25.3 53.5 67.4 63.3 64.6 65 50
Georgia 77.1 68.6 57.9 64.8 87.1 73.6 94.4 85.3 76.3 78.3 88.6 80 70
Germany 73.5 80.5 74.3 82.8 60.9 42.2 92.9 82.8 53.0 76.7 86.4 80 70
Ghana 59.4 52.5 46.1 32.2 78.4 88.1 35.6 58.4 59.3 68.9 63.8 70 60
Greece 59.9 57.0 48.6 51.2 59.0 31.5 80.0 73.7 52.0 79.4 81.4 55 50
Guatemala 64.0 45.5 32.2 29.6 79.2 95.6 95.7 62.6 48.4 77.4 82.2 70 50
Guinea 56.5 38.7 33.3 16.1 70.0 91.4 93.8 55.4 58.0 70.6 60.4 50 40
Guinea-Bissau 53.3 41.3 48.4 14.8 88.7 86.7 67.3 39.1 61.2 82.7 49.0 30 30
Guyana 56.2 53.6 42.6 34.1 66.0 64.4 58.6 58.9 62.1 82.5 66.8 55 30
Haiti 52.3 16.4 23.3 22.3 80.2 89.4 96.3 33.6 62.3 61.5 67.0 45 30
Honduras 61.1 48.6 34.2 28.6 82.3 78.2 96.7 56.7 31.5 72.2 79.4 65 60
Hong Kong 89.1 93.6 76.8 84.7 93.0 90.3 99.9 96.2 89.1 80.7 95.0 80 90
Hungary 66.4 64.8 45.7 47.5 79.9 34.5 83.6 60.2 64.6 79.9 86.4 80 70
Iceland 77.1 87.6 63.2 90.3 71.7 44.1 97.5 84.7 63.5 80.3 86.8 85 70
India 56.5 63.0 64.1 47.2 79.4 77.9 13.1 65.6 41.2 73.0 73.4 40 40
Indonesia 67.2 59.8 56.2 37.2 83.4 91.7 90.2 70.0 49.2 78.4 80.8 50 60
Iran 49.2 36.9 37.1 33.5 81.0 89.2 86.5 57.3 50.7 49.0 54.6 5 10
Iraq N/A 43.9 11.2 20.8 N/A 59.5 76.6 52.6 44.8 76.4 N/A N/A N/A
Ireland 80.9 86.6 64.4 82.8 76.4 78.8 91.4 82.7 75.9 85.3 86.4 90 70
Israel 74.0 82.3 71.8 77.2 61.0 53.5 89.2 72.2 64.4 84.9 86.2 75 70
Italy 63.8 75.4 51.3 62.2 56.0 28.5 71.1 70.4 50.9 83.2 86.4 80 50
Jamaica 68.5 62.1 50.5 46.8 80.0 74.8 80.2 77.7 74.0 77.7 68.4 80 50
Japan 73.3 86.6 71.4 80.5 68.3 55.8 62.0 81.4 78.7 84.4 80.0 70 60
Jordan 66.0 64.8 54.6 49.6 91.8 73.5 55.9 60.1 52.5 77.6 81.2 70 60
Kazakhstan 69.6 61.3 62.1 40.9 92.3 85.5 84.1 74.6 86.0 68.1 80.2 50 50
Kenya 55.3 63.2 48.6 28.2 78.7 79.6 13.5 55.0 55.8 75.0 60.4 55 50
Kiribati 45.2 47.5 34.2 24.3 72.4 0.0 99.0 40.6 62.9 82.2 23.8 25 30
Korea, North 4.2 20.1 5.0 15.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 0 0
Korea, South 74.0 82.5 61.0 67.5 63.9 67.7 96.7 90.5 56.2 82.1 80.0 70 70
Kosovo 67.4 66.3 54.1 39.2 92.6 76.5 94.0 75.0 61.0 78.4 76.2 65 30
Kuwait 63.2 57.1 47.0 46.0 97.7 22.4 99.6 61.3 62.2 73.2 76.4 55 60
Kyrgyz Republic 62.9 53.6 31.3 32.0 94.1 58.5 66.7 73.6 79.6 76.4 79.2 60 50
Laos 55.5 42.5 37.3 32.0 87.0 86.6 53.3 54.3 58.6 76.8 82.0 35 20
Latvia 71.9 72.3 51.1 46.4 76.9 58.3 96.5 77.0 72.4 80.2 86.4 85 60
Lebanon 51.7 44.6 30.8 25.0 90.8 72.5 0.0 45.6 47.8 75.6 77.4 60 50
Lesotho 54.5 45.2 47.0 29.6 73.0 34.4 60.3 52.8 58.8 75.7 82.2 55 40
Liberia 49.0 31.1 37.9 23.8 86.1 65.5 59.7 48.2 38.2 62.1 60.6 55 20
Libya N/A 30.1 20.8 18.9 N/A 0 N/A 40.7 53.9 53.6 N/A 5 N/A
Liechtenstein N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 85 80
Lithuania 76.7 77.9 62.1 67.4 84.9 66 97.4 71.9 76.5 79.7 86.4 80 70
Luxembourg 75.8 86.4 74.4 90.3 64.1 45.4 99.0 66.8 45.3 76.4 86.4 95 80
Macau 70.3 60.0 60.0 33.5 75.0 89.8 99.9 60.0 50.0 70.0 90.0 85 70
North Macedonia 69.5 62.5 42.7 42.2 91.5 71.0 87.7 80.6 67.0 77.7 86.2 65 60
Madagascar 60.5 45.6 39.6 25.0 90.7 91.5 90.6 47.3 44.6 72.7 73.6 55 50
Malawi 52.8 43.1 42.1 24.8 79.0 71.7 23.6 41.9 62.8 69.1 75.4 50 50
Malaysia 74.7 86.5 74.6 49.4 85.7 84.6 80.2 87.8 74.5 81.6 82.0 60 50
Maldives 56.5 48.5 31.7 39.2 95.8 67.9 42.9 78.7 70.6 77.0 61.0 35 30
Mali 55.9 36.1 32.7 20.7 69.2 85.8 73.6 49.2 52.2 81.6 65.0 65 40
Malta 69.5 70.5 49.6 55.1 64.8 60.0 95.9 68.0 61.1 77.1 86.4 85 60
Mauritania 55.3 32.5 20.8 21.9 80.9 76.4 85.9 61.7 51.3 79.6 62.6 50 40
Mauritius 74.9 75.8 62.6 53.3 91.5 82.1 79.3 82.5 60.2 73.8 88.2 80 70
Mexico 66.0 58.3 34.7 36.7 76.1 79.3 87.5 67.0 58.4 70.9 87.6 75 60
Micronesia 52.0 30.1 26.5 22.3 92.9 0.0 99.2 56.9 78.2 82.2 70.8 35 30
Moldova 62.0 60.5 31.7 37.2 86.1 71.6 96.2 68.1 37.0 72.0 78.0 55 50
Mongolia 55.9 50.3 23.0 36.9 87.4 66.6 9.3 63.6 75.7 74.2 74.0 50 60
Montenegro 61.5 59.1 55.3 47.5 85.4 32.1 23.4 70.8 74.8 80.3 83.8 75 50
Morocco 63.3 66.3 48.0 39.2 71.8 72.8 67.2 70.4 33.0 77.0 78.6 65 70
Mozambique 50.5 34.9 31.7 23.2 74.1 69.6 40.3 55.3 41.7 72.0 78.0 35 50
Namibia 60.9 58.9 58.5 46.0 65.7 58.1 28.7 65.6 84.9 75.9 83.2 65 40
Nepal 54.2 40.7 32.0 31.5 83.4 77.9 98.1 61.6 53.7 71.2 60.4 10 30
Netherlands 77.0 90.0 73.9 90.1 51.7 45.2 94.1 80.4 60.2 82.5 86.4 90 80
New Zealand 84.1 93.3 79.1 93.9 71.0 57.8 98.3 90.4 86.7 87.0 92.2 80 80
Nicaragua 57.2 33.5 19.5 24.3 76.3 77.5 87.2 55.1 55.5 71.5 75.4 60 50
Niger 54.7 45.6 42.6 33.4 76.7 79.0 44.7 55.4 47.9 74.8 61.2 55 40
Nigeria 57.2 38.1 32.2 22.3 85.1 96.2 64.1 54.7 84.0 61.7 62.4 45 40
Norway 73.4 84.3 82.8 95.6 57.7 25.6 97.3 86.1 57.4 74.8 83.8 75 60
Oman 63.6 66.4 66.2 64.6 98.4 36.2 14.8 74.6 56.9 78.4 81.6 65 60
Pakistan 54.8 48.3 43.2 29.7 80.4 86.8 40.4 54.9 41.3 72.5 64.8 55 40
Panama 67.2 58.8 30.0 37.2 85.3 85.7 91.2 70.8 43.3 79.4 79.2 75 70
Papua New Guinea 58.4 54.9 48.4 29.7 71.5 86.4 76.4 58.4 69.6 70.7 79.8 25 30
Paraguay 63.0 44.7 26.4 29.6 96.1 88.6 98.0 60.9 29.0 72.5 75.4 75 60
Peru 67.9 54.9 30.6 33.5 80.8 86.4 89.0 67.1 62.9 86.3 88.4 75 60
Philippines 64.5 54.6 34.2 38.7 76.7 87.9 96.3 59.5 57.4 66.9 81.6 60 60
Poland 69.1 63.1 42.8 64.6 74.7 48.8 92.2 62.6 62.0 82.0 86.4 80 70
Portugal 67.0 75.4 65.6 68.9 59.6 39.8 74.4 76.5 44.1 83.0 86.4 70 60
Qatar 72.3 66.9 58.7 64.6 99.8 64.6 93.7 71.1 65.9 80.6 81.6 60 60
Romania 69.7 72.5 56.1 55.1 90.3 70.4 85.6 58.6 63.0 78.1 86.4 70 50
Russia 61.0 56.8 44.4 41.3 88.5 63.8 98.7 80.2 52.1 68.2 77.8 30 30
Rwanda 70.9 76.5 78.3 57.6 79.2 79.8 86.7 60.3 81.8 79.8 70.4 60 40
Saint Lucia 68.2 69.8 62.6 41.8 76.9 80.6 83.8 76.7 66.4 82.0 73.2 65 40
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 66.8 50.5 62.6 46.1 72.4 73.7 89.0 75.8 73.3 80.8 67.2 70 40
Samoa 62.1 60.5 31.7 31.5 79.6 62.5 94.6 76.6 78.8 79.5 64.6 55 30
São Tomé and Príncipe 56.2 41.0 26.5 37.4 88.3 77.1 73.0 64.8 43.4 68.1 64.2 60 30
Saudi Arabia 62.4 64.6 72.3 49.6 99.8 61.8 19.3 66.6 63.3 81.0 75.4 45 50
Senegal 58.0 52.4 39.8 40.6 70.2 84.4 75.2 50.4 38.1 79.7 65.4 60 40
Serbia 66.0 55.4 46.8 44.0 83.7 49.7 94.1 72.6 66.9 80.7 78.0 70 50
Seychelles 64.3 68.3 46.4 53.3 76.8 58.9 93.2 65.3 62.8 78.6 82.6 55 30
Sierra Leone 48.0 40.7 39.4 21.8 87.5 83.5 9.8 50.1 29.7 64.2 69.4 60 20
Singapore 89.4 96.8 92.9 92.4 90.3 91.1 80.0 92.8 90.9 85.6 94.8 85 80
Slovakia 66.8 73.1 41.7 49.7 78.5 50.2 92.6 55.3 52.6 75.9 86.4 75 70
Slovenia 67.8 76.5 48.6 67.4 59.2 42.9 90.3 78.4 61.4 82.2 86.4 70 50
Solomon Islands 52.9 54.6 53.7 33.5 65.6 34.2 76.6 67.7 72.0 84.3 48.0 15 30
Somalia N/A 20.1 26.5 13.1 N/A N/A N/A 31.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
South Africa 58.8 58.4 38.0 46.6 63.7 67.4 64.0 62.0 58.8 75.9 75.8 45 50
Spain 66.9 74.9 51.8 55.1 62.1 48.3 62.6 66.8 57.7 82.0 86.4 85 70
Sri Lanka 57.4 47.7 39.2 34.7 84.8 88.9 39.3 76.5 58.6 71.1 67.6 40 40
Sudan 45.0 33.7 20.8 25.5 86.1 94.5 12.4 53.5 60.0 77.0 52.0 5 20
Suriname 49.5 45.6 19.5 36.9 70.5 74.8 10.3 48.2 71.9 76.1 69.8 40 30
Sweden 74.9 88.8 79.9 91.4 43.6 25.8 97.0 85.3 53.8 81.2 86.4 85 80
Switzerland 82.0 87.4 81.5 90.1 70.1 65.3 96.7 74.2 72.4 84.4 86.6 85 90
Syria N/A 45.6 20.8 21.9 N/A N/A N/A 48.9 59.3 58.8 51.6 0 N/A
Taiwan 77.1 86.9 70.1 68.9 75.0 90.5 91.0 93.9 60.3 82.7 86.0 60 60
Tajikistan 52.2 49.1 50.0 32.0 91.8 62.3 26.0 65.9 47.7 71.0 75.0 25 30
Tanzania 61.7 41.9 43.4 32.5 80.6 91.6 92.9 45.9 66.4 72.2 67.8 55 50
Thailand 69.4 59.5 48.0 43.4 80.7 85.9 96.4 83.0 63.7 74.0 83.0 55 60
Timor-Leste 45.9 45.2 12.6 32.5 96.3 5.3 19.9 64.0 58.9 76.5 75.0 45 20
Togo 54.1 41.6 31.7 31.2 67.5 78.6 59.4 55.0 46.9 79.5 63.2 65 30
Tonga 58.8 60.9 26.5 44.2 85.2 42.8 95.2 75.0 69.8 71.4 74.0 40 20
Trinidad and Tobago 58.3 56.6 42.1 37.4 82.6 66.5 15.9 67.3 76.0 77.4 67.8 60 50
Tunisia 55.8 56.4 43.6 39.7 74.2 73.1 38.8 78.1 49.8 73.9 66.4 45 30
Turkey 64.4 57.4 53.7 44.6 76.7 64.1 86.1 67.0 49.2 66.1 78.0 70 60
Turkmenistan 46.5 20.1 20.0 21.4 95.9 93.1 94.5 30.0 20.0 68.7 74.2 10 10
Uganda 59.5 45.6 36.9 21.4 80.3 88.4 64.3 46.0 83.1 78.0 75.4 55 40
Ukraine 54.9 47.5 42.2 37.9 81.1 47.2 83.9 61.3 48.3 63.0 81.2 35 30
United Arab Emirates 76.2 80.3 84.6 64.6 99.2 72.1 94.1 78.6 81.3 79.6 80.4 40 60
United Kingdom 79.3 92.2 82.7 89.9 64.7 49.5 78.1 94.7 73.1 80.3 86.4 80 80
United States 76.6 81.8 83.7 77.2 74.6 56.5 54.3 83.3 87.9 75.5 79.8 85 80
Uruguay 69.1 72.0 59.8 73.5 75.2 66.5 72.3 73.6 71.0 72.7 77.4 85 30
Uzbekistan 57.2 59.1 34.2 28.2 91.6 74.7 98.9 72.6 59.9 59.9 67.6 20 20
Vanuatu 60.7 68.3 36.1 37.4 97.1 61.1 78.4 51.8 54.6 74.6 63.4 65 40
Venezuela 25.2 10.1 12.6 14.6 72.8 66.3 0.0 30.8 27.7 0.0 58.0 0 10
Vietnam 58.8 52.6 40.1 33.8 79.5 75.9 58.0 65.6 62.5 68.2 79.6 40 50
Yemen N/A 22.5 20.1 21.9 N/A 96.5 60.1 43.9 43.8 42.6 70 50 N/A
Zambia 53.5 45.2 31.3 28.4 73.2 81.7 18.4 66.4 47.0 72.2 72.6 55 50
Zimbabwe 43.1 33.7 28.3 18.9 62.3 88.0 36.2 39.1 43.1 62.8 70.0 25 10

1995–2008 rankings

Country/Region 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995
 Hong Kong[a] 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
 Ireland 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 3 10 11 11 13 27 20
 Australia 4 4 7 9 8 10 11 8 5 5 7 9 10 8
 United States 5 6 5 5 7 7 8 6 8 7 8 8 5 4
 New Zealand 6 5 4 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 3 3
 Canada 7 10 10 12 12 13 14 21 20 25 27 26 20 18
 Chile 8 8 8 8 11 12 9 12 12 12 9 7 13 14
  Switzerland 9 9 9 6 5 6 6 10 6 4 4 4 4
 United Kingdom 10 7 6 7 9 9 7 7 4 6 5 5 7 3
 Denmark 11 12 13 13 17 20 23 33 33 32 34 30 31
 Estonia 12 11 15 14 10 8 10 9 24 13 15 24 38 26
 Netherlands 13 15 16 18 14 14 14 16 21 57 24 20 23
 Iceland 14 13 11 10 19 16 19 15 15 19 18 19
 Luxembourg 15 14 12 11 6 5 5 5 7 15 13 12 15
 Finland 16 16 17 21 16 15 16 27 50 54 55 39 47
 Japan 17 18 18 36 50 34 39 23 19 27 21 21 14 6
 Mauritius 18 32 35 35 51 52 33 45 36 20
 Bahrain 19 24 23 22 13 11 12 11 11 8 6 6 6 5
 Belgium 20 17 24 30 30 33 34 57 55 60 48 44 36
 Barbados 21 27 20 24 28 23 17 20 27 37 33 46 53
 Cyprus 22 20 21 20 15 19 20 22 35 33 29 27 30
 Germany 23 22 25 28 27 26 25 29 43 40 52 29 25 17
 The Bahamas 24 19 19 15 20 17 15 14 16 10 10 10 11 11
 Taiwan 25 25 29 19 26 21 22 18 17 18 20 22 9 7
 Lithuania 26 21 22 23 18 27 43 53 67 67 74 78 104
 Sweden 27 33 27 27 24 24 24 43 47 51 53 53 55 41
 Armenia 28 30 14 25 23 37 32 46 62 96 117 123 125
 Trinidad and Tobago 29 23 26 17 21 29 26 19 13 16 17 16 24
 Austria 30 26 30 34 32 35 36 37 31 53 43 40 26 16
 Spain 31 28 32 31 29 28 29 36 41 45 62 68 65 34
 Georgia 32 31 54 93 78 84 104 87 107 114 122 125 123
 El Salvador 33 29 28 16 22 22 21 17 9 9 22 18 21 19
 Norway 34 37 34 45 42 39 37 41 22 29 31 41 39
 Slovakia 35 36 33 42 48 77 76 85 108 105 85 85 75 46
 Botswana 36 35 31 26 25 30 42 42 42 59 60 72 56 57
 Czech Republic 37 39 40 47 35 36 40 26 30 23 28 54 29 23
 Latvia 38 38 37 39 33 44 52 44 57 50 56 57 86
 Kuwait 39 41 41 48 55 43 46 35 25 24 38 42 35
 Uruguay 40 34 43 33 37 25 30 24 28 30 26 31 46 37
  1. ^ Special administrative region (SAR) of China since 1997

See also

References

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  2. ^ a b William Beach, Time Kane (January 15, 2008). "Methodology; Measuring the 10 Economic Freedoms" (PDF). Index of Economic Freedom. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 27, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2008.
  3. ^ "2021 Index of Economic Freedom | The Heritage Foundation". www.heritage.org.
  4. ^ Mary Anastasia O'Grady (January 15, 2008). "The Real Key to Development". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved February 4, 2008.
  5. ^ Carl J. Schramm (15 January 2008). "Chapter 1 Economic Fluidity: A Crucial Dimension of Economic Freedom" (PDF). The Heritage Foundation. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 February 2008. Retrieved 4 February 2008.
  6. ^ "In Pursuit of Happiness Research: Is It Reliable? What Does It Imply for Policy?", Will Wilkinson, The Cato institute, Policy Analysis No. 590, 11 April 2007
  7. ^ Ovaska Tomi, Takashima Ryo (2006). "Economic policy and the level of self-perceived well-being: An international comparison". The Journal of Socio-Economics. 35 (2): 308–325. doi:10.1016/j.socec.2005.11.054.
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  14. ^ Edwin Feulner (January 17, 2012). "Still in top 10, but falling fast". The Washington Times. Retrieved January 24, 2012.
  15. ^ Edwin J. Feulner (January 12, 2012). "A Step Backward for Economic Freedom in 2012". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved January 24, 2012.
  16. ^ Ed Feulner (22 January 2008). "Football and economic freedom". IndyStar. Archived from the original on 19 March 2012. Retrieved 4 February 2008.
  17. ^ "Hong Kong dropped from Economic Freedom Index as policies 'controlled from Beijing'", Reuters, March 4, 2021
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  19. ^ "Bangladesh slips 17 notches on economic freedom index". The Business Standard. February 16, 2022. Retrieved September 16, 2022.
  20. ^ Bass, David (February 16, 2022). "Freedom? U.S. dips to record low in global rankings". Carolina Journal -. Retrieved September 5, 2022. four broad policy areas affecting economic freedom
  21. ^ Colton, Emma (February 13, 2022). "Biden's economy drags US to all-time low in Heritage freedom index rating". FOXBusiness. Retrieved September 5, 2022. The index, launched in 1995, evaluates countries on rule of law, government size, regulatory efficiency and open markets, while also examining specific categories such as property rights, judicial effectiveness, government integrity and tax burden.
  22. ^ "Methodology Index of Economic Freedom" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on January 27, 2024. Retrieved September 10, 2022.
  23. ^ Adrian Karatnycky. Freedom in the World: The Annual Survey of Political Rights and Civil Liberties. Transaction Publishers. 2001. ISBN 978-0-7658-0101-2. p. 11
  24. ^ The End of Poverty: Economic Possibilities for our Time, Jeffrey Sachs, Penguin Books, 2005, ISBN 1-59420-045-9, pp. 320–321.
  25. ^ Stefan Karlsson (21 January 2005). "The Failings of the Economic Freedom Index". Mises Daily. Ludwig von Mises Institute. Archived from the original on 14 February 2015. Retrieved 18 April 2008.
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  27. ^ "Laissez-faire Olympics, an LBO special report", Left Business Observer, 26 March 2005
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  33. ^ "2019 IEF (XLS) table download". The Heritage Foundation. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 4, 2021.
  34. ^ "2018 IEF (XLS) table download". The Heritage Foundation. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 4, 2021.
  35. ^ "2017 IEF (XLS) table download". The Heritage Foundation. Archived from the original on May 16, 2017. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
  36. ^ "2016 IEF (XLS) table download". The Heritage Foundation. Archived from the original on February 7, 2016. Retrieved February 2, 2016.
  37. ^ "2015 IEF (XLS) table download". The Heritage Foundation. Archived from the original on March 19, 2015. Retrieved February 2, 2015.
  38. ^ "2014 IEF (XLS) table download". The Heritage Foundation. Archived from the original on June 22, 2019. Retrieved February 2, 2014.
  39. ^ "2017 IEF (XLS) table download". The Heritage Foundation. Archived from the original on June 2, 2019. Retrieved July 4, 2021.
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