The village of Le Vernet is located in the Bès [fr] Valley at 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) altitude.[4] Its population does not exceed 100 permanent residents, but it is often more than doubled each summer and winter, when the municipality becomes the place of departure for sightseeing excursions, particularly in the Blanche [fr] Valley, and a place of departure for the nearby ski stations (Grand-Puy, Saint-Jean-Montclar [fr] and Chabanon).
The municipality has two main villages, Haut-Vernet, perched high and Bas-Vernet below.
Geology
During the two last major glaciations, the Riss glaciation and the Würm glaciation, a glacier was present in the upper part of the Riou de la Montagne Valley. During the Riss glaciation, a diffluence [de] of the Blanche glacier crossed the Col de Maure and reached approximately to the location of the village of the current Bas-Vernet. The diffluence was reproduced during the Würm period, but did not reach the territory of Vernet.[5]
The commune comprises 689 hectares (1,700 acres) of woods and forests.[3]
Transport
The steel-decked bridge across the Bès
Natural and technological hazards
None of the 200 communes of the Department is in the zero seismic risk zone. The Canton of Seyne, to which Le Vernet belongs, is in zone 1b (low seismicity) determined by the 1991 classification, based on the historical earthquakes,[6] and in zone 4 (medium risk) according to the probabilistic classification EC8 of 2011.[7] The municipality of Le Vernet is also exposed to four other natural hazards:[7]
Avalanche
Forest fire
Flooding
Ground movement
The commune of Le Vernet is more exposed to a risk of technological origin, that of transport of dangerous goods by road.[8] The departmentale [fr] RD 900 (the former Route nationale 100 [fr]) can be used for the road transport of dangerous goods.[9]
History remembers two earthquakes to have been strongly felt in the town. They exceeded a macro-seismic intensity level V on the MSK scale (sleepers awake, falling objects). The specified intensities are those felt in the town, the intensity can be stronger at the epicentre:[11]
The earthquake of 22 March 1949 had an intensity level V, and with Le Lauzet at the epicentre[12]
The earthquake of 31 October 1997 had an intensity level V, and with Prads-Haute-Bléone at the epicentre[13]
Toponymy
According to the Fénie couple, the name of Le Vernet refers to alder.[14]
History
During antiquity, the Bodiontiques (Bodiontici) lived in the Bléone Valley, and were therefore the Gallic people who lived in the current municipality of Vernet. The Bodiontiques, who were defeated by Augustus at the same time as other peoples present on the Tropaeum Alpium (before 14 BC), are attached to the province of Alpes Maritimae at its inception.[15]
In the Middle Ages, the great road of Digne to Seyne passed, descending from the Col du Labouret, by Haut-Vernet, without following the Bès Valley.[17]
In 1602, the trial exploitation of a vein of copper was cut short, the deposit actually being very poor. As early as 1604, the owners couldn't pay the workers, some were sent to Villevieille and Verdaches. These mines were given a new concession in 1614, without which their operation would never have restarted.[18]
As with many communes of the Department, Le Vernet acquired schools well before the Jules Ferry laws: In 1863, it had one each at Haut-Vernet and Bas-Vernet, which provide a primary education for boys.[20] While the Falloux Laws of 1851 required the opening of a girls school for communes with more than 800 inhabitants,[21] and the first Duruy Law [fr] of 1867 lowered the threshold to 500 inhabitants, Le Vernet nevertheless opened a school for girls, ahead of the laws.[22] The commune took advantage of subsidies from the second Duruy Law in 1877 to build a new school at Haut-Vernet.[23]
In 2017, Le Vernet had 123 inhabitants. From the 21st century, communes with less than 10,000 inhabitants have a census held every five years (2004, 2009 and 2014, etc. for the Vernet). Since 2004, the other figures are estimates.
Population without double counting from 1962 to 1999; municipal population from 2006 Source: Baratier [fr], Georges Duby & Hildesheimer [fr] for the Ancien Régime,[16] EHESS (1793-1999)[29] and INSEE (1968-2017)[30]
The demographic history of Le Vernet, after the depopulation of the 14th and 15th centuries and long movement of growth until the beginning of the 19th century, is marked by a period of 'spread' where the population remains stable at a high level. This period lasts from 1806 to 1846. The rural exodus [fr] then caused a rapid decline in population, most importantly a long-term movement. Between 1911 and 1921, the municipality records the loss of more than half of its population (relative to the historic maximum).[31] The downward movement is interrupted only in the 1980s. Since then, the population has doubled.
This section needs expansion with: the histogram from the same position in the French article. You can help by adding to it. (April 2015)
The Catholic parish of Le Vernet depends on the Diocese of Digne, Riez and Sisteron.[34]
Local culture and heritage
Sites and monuments
In Bas-Vernet, the parish church of Sainte-Marthe dates from the 19th century.[17]
At Haut-Vernet, the Saint-Martin Church[17] is also from the 19th century.
The chapel of Saint-Pancrace, isolated above Haut-Vernet, is the old parish church. Ruined by the European wars of religion, it was rebuilt, and its roof was repaired again in the 20th century.[17]
Collier, Raymond (1986). La Haute-Provence monumentale et artistique [The monumental and artistic Haute-Provence] (in French). Digne: Imprimerie Louis Jean.
^de La Torre, Michel (1989). Alpes-de-Haute-Provence: le guide complet des 200 communes [Alpes-de-Haute-Provence: The complete guide to the 200 communes] (in French). Paris: Deslogis-Lacoste. ISBN2-7399-5004-7.
^Jorda, Maurice; Miramont, Cécile (2008). Les Hautes Terres de Provence : itinérances médiévales [Highlands of Provence: medieval roaming] (in French). Cairo: Association Les hautes terres de Provence ; Saint-Michel-l'Observatoire. p. 33. ISBN978-2-952756-43-3.
^ ab"Notice communale". Ministère de l’Écologie, du développement durable, des transports et du logement. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 31 March 2015.
^Alphand, Patrice (1989). ""Les Sociétés populaires" La Révolution dans les Basses-Alpes". Annales de Haute-Provence. 108 (307): 296–298.
^Labadie, Jean-Christophe (2013). Les Maisons d'école. Digne-les-Bains: Archives départementales des Alpes-de-Haute-Provence. p. 9. ISBN978-2-86-004-015-0.
^Labadie, Jean-Christophe (2013). Les Maisons d'école. Digne-les-Bains: Archives départementales des Alpes-de-Haute-Provence. p. 16. ISBN978-2-86-004-015-0.
^Labadie, Jean-Christophe (2013). Les Maisons d'école. Digne-les-Bains: Archives départementales des Alpes-de-Haute-Provence. p. 18. ISBN978-2-86-004-015-0.
^Labadie, Jean-Christophe (2013). Les Maisons d'école. Digne-les-Bains: Archives départementales des Alpes-de-Haute-Provence. p. 11. ISBN978-2-86-004-015-0.
^Vidal, Christiane (1971). "Chronologie et rythmes du dépeuplement dans le département des Alpes de Haute- Provence depuis le début du XIX' siècle" [Timeline and rhythms of the depopulation in the Department of Alpes de Haute - Provence since the beginning of the 19th century] (in French). 21 (85). Provence historique: 287. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
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