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Oesophageal pouchThe oesophageal pouches (also known as sugar glands)[1] are a pair of pouches connected to the oesophagus of all molluscs, and represent a synapomorphy of the phylum.[2] MorphologyUsually forming a pair of lateral structures, oesophageal pouches take various forms, but usually account for a fair portion of the anterior volume of the creeping molluscs and scaphopods.[3][4][5][6][7] There is a single pouch ventral to the rear of the radula in some nudibranch sea slugs.[6] The pouches are lined with ciliated secretory cells.[8] FunctionThe pouches contain digestive enzymes that break down starch and other polysaccharides,[1] and also extrude mucus.[6] OccurrenceThe features are considered ancestral to molluscs[2] and are present in monoplacophorans,[9] but have been secondarily lost in the Heterobranchia.[10] However, it is not certain that all oesophageal diverticulae are homologous.[11][12] References
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