Omicron2 Canis Majoris (ο2 CMa, ο2 Canis Majoris) is a star in the constellationCanis Major. Since 1943, the spectrum of this star has served as one of the stable anchor points by which other stars are classified.[3] It has an apparent visual magnitude of 3.043,[2] making it one of the brighter members of the constellation. Based upon a distance modulus of 10.2, it is about 3,600 light-years from Earth.[5]
This is a massive supergiant star with a stellar classification of B3 Ia,[3] indicating that, at the age of around 7 million years,[6] it has exhausted the supply of hydrogen at its core and is now undergoing nuclear fusion of helium to generate energy.[8] It has about 21[6] times the mass of the Sun and 65[5] times the Sun's radius. In all likelihood, it will end its life as a Type II supernova.[8]
Omicron2 Canis Majoris is one of the most luminous stars known, as it radiates about 220,000[5] times as much luminosity as the Sun from its outer envelope at a temperature of 15,500 K.[5] At this heat, the star is glowing with the blue-white hue of a B-type star.[9] This star is classified as an Alpha Cygni-typevariable star that undergoes periodic non-radial pulsations, which cause its brightness to cycle from magnitude +2.93 to +3.08 over a 24.44 day interval.[4] It is losing mass from its stellar wind at the rate of around 2×10−9 times the mass of the Sun per year, or the equivalent of the Sun's mass every 500 million years.[10]
Collinder 121
While this star lies in the field of view of the open cluster named Collinder 121, it is unlikely to be a member. In fact, its optical neighbor, the orange supergiant ο1 Canis Majoris has a much higher likelihood of 23.1% based upon its proper motion being a closer match to the motion of the cluster.[11] Although they are located near each other on the celestial sphere, ο1 CMa and ο2 CMa are not gravitationally bound to each other as they appear to lie many light years apart.[12][8]
Name
In the catalogue of stars in the Calendarium of Al Achsasi Al Mouakket, this star was designated Thanih al Adzari (ثاني ألعذاري - thaanii al-aðārii), which was translated into Latin as Secunda Virginum, meaning the second virgin.[13] This star, along with ε CMa (Adhara), δ CMa (Wezen) and η CMa (Aludra), were Al ʽAdhārā (ألعذاري), the Virgins.[14][15]
Notes
^Using Omicron2's distance modulus of 10.2, its distance from Earth can be calculated by the following equation: 10.2 = 5 • log(distance in parsecs)−5. GeoGebra can be used to calculate the distance value.
^ abcdGutierrez-Moreno, Adelina; et al. (1966), "A System of photometric standards", Publications of the Department of Astronomy University of Chile, 1, Publicaciones Universidad de Chile, Department de Astronomy: 1–17, Bibcode:1966PDAUC...1....1G
^Knobel, E. B. (June 1895), "Al Achsasi Al Mouakket, on a catalogue of stars in the Calendarium of Mohammad Al Achsasi Al Mouakket", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 55: 429–438, Bibcode:1895MNRAS..55..429K, doi:10.1093/mnras/55.8.429
^ε CMa as Aoul al Adzari or Prima Virginum (the first virgin), ο2 CMa as Thanih al Adzari or Secunda Virginum (the second virgin) and δ CMa as Thalath al Adzari or Tertia Virginum (the third virgin). η CMa should be Rabah al Adzari or Quarta Virginum (the fourth virgin) consistently, but it was given by the name Aludra, meaning the virgin (same meaning with Adhara (ε CMa) or Al ʽAdhārā)
