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Pirelli Calendar

Pirelli Calendar
TypeCalendar
InventorDerek Forsyth
Inception1964; 60 years ago (1964)
ManufacturerPirelli
WebsiteOfficial website

The Pirelli Calendar, known and trade-marked as "The Cal", is an annual trade calendar which has been published by the UK subsidiary of the Italian tyre manufacturing company Pirelli since 1964. The calendar has a reputation for its choice of photographers and models and featured glamour photography from the 1980s until the 2010s.[1]

The calendar is produced with limited availability (20,000 are printed annually). Copies do not go on sale, but are instead given as corporate gifts to celebrities and select Pirelli customers.[2][3] The annual production cost was about US$2 million in 2017.[4] Marco Tronchetti Provera, Pirelli's CEO from 1992 to 2022,[5] commented that the purpose of the Cal is "to mark the passing of time" by recording the zeitgeist.[6]

History

The Cal was originally created by the British art director Derek Forsyth.[1][7][8] After an unpublished mockup in 1962,[9] it became an annual publication from 1964.[1] In some of the earlier calendars Pirelli tyres featured prominently, though this marketing aspect was later dropped. The first woman photographer to shoot the calendar was Sarah Moon in 1972.[10] Publication was discontinued after the 1974 issue as an economizing cutback in response to the world recession resulting from the 1973 oil crisis. It was resurrected 10 years later[11] and has been published regularly since then except for 2021.[10][12][13]

For the first ten years of the calendar's existence, it included photographs of fully clothed women, but an emphasis on nudity developed during the 1980s.[14] The 1987 calendar, photographed by Terrence Donovan, was the first to feature only black models, included a bare-bottomed 16-year-old Naomi Campbell.[15][16] The models were photographed topless in Savannah-like settings and styled in tribal fashion.[4] The calendar continued to use mainly eroticised images until the mid-2010s,[14] although in some instances the pictures taken by the photographers were considered by the editors to be too risqué to use.[9]

From the mid-2010s the calendar moved away from eroticism, and around this time diversity began to be addressed.[14][4] The 2008 calendar was photographed by Patrick Demarchelier in Shanghai and included a number of Asian models. At the same time a book, The Complete Works: The Pirelli Calendar 1964–2007, was published by Mondadori.[17] The 2010 calendar, photographed by Terry Richardson, used similar imagery to that which was used in the calendar in the 1960s.[18] In 2014 Pirelli released an unpublished calendar from 1986 shot by photographer Helmut Newton.[10] A 50th anniversary book, Pirelli - The Calendar: 50 Years and More, was published by Taschen in 2015.[9]

The 2016 calendar, photographed by Annie Leibovitz, aimed to celebrate women for their accomplishments rather than their physical attributes. It included Fran Lebowitz, Mellody Hobson, Serena Williams,[19] Yoko Ono and Patti Smith to represent inspiring women of diverse ages[15] in almost entirely clothed portraits.[6] The 2017 calendar was photographed by Peter Lindbergh and the women in the photographs were fully dressed and wore minimal makeup. It was the first calendar in which the photographs had not been retouched.[15] The women photographed included Helen Mirren, Nicole Kidman and Julianne Moore. For the 2018 calendar, photographer Tim Walker chose to feature only black models, including Duckie Thot, Adwoa Aboah, RuPaul, Whoopi Goldberg, and Thando Hopa.[19]

The 2021 calendar was cancelled because of the global coronavirus pandemic but returned for 2022, featuring musicians and titled On The Road.[20] In 2024, to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the Cal, Prince Gyasi became the first black photographer to produce an edition of the calendar.[21]

Models

Appearance in the calendar has become a mark of distinction for those photographic models who are chosen, as well as for the photographers commissioned to produce the images used. Between 1997 and 2015[22] casting director Jennifer Starr also influenced the look and direction of each calendar.[23] Over the years, the models and celebrities who have appeared in it include Alessandra Ambrosio,[24] Bianca Balti, Ana Beatriz Barros,[24] Malgosia Bela, Elsa Benítez,[24] Mariacarla Boscono (3), Lauren Bush, Gisele Bündchen, Naomi Campbell (5), Gracie Carvalho,[24] Helena Christensen, Cindy Crawford, Emanuela de Paula,[24] Waris Dirie, Yamila Díaz, Lily Donaldson, Isabeli Fontana (8), Magdalena Frackowiak, Saskia de Brauw, Sonny Freeman Drane, Gigi Hadid, Duckie Thot, Bridget Hall, Filippa Hamilton, Miranda Kerr,[24] Karlie Kloss, Heidi Klum, Karolína Kurková (3), Noémie Lenoir, Adriana Lima[24] (3), Daisy Lowe, Angela Lindvall, Lakshmi Menon, Kate Moss (3), Petra Nemcová, Sasha Pivovarova, Natasha Poly, Frankie Rayder, Coco Rocha, RuPaul, Anja Rubik, Joan Smalls, Lara Stone (3), Fernanda Tavares, Caroline Trentini, Christy Turlington, Guinevere Van Seenus, Edita Vilkeviciute, Natalia Vodianova (5), Alek Wek (3), Daria Werbowy and Rosie Huntington-Whiteley.[24]

Actresses: Patricia Arquette, Nadja Auermann, Monica Bellucci, Selma Blair, Laetitia Casta[6] (3), Jessica Chastain, Yao Chen,[2] Maggie Cheung,[17] Aurélie Claudel, Lily Cole, Rachael Leigh Cook, Penélope Cruz,[24] Lou Doillon, Julia Garner,[6] Whoopi Goldberg, Shalom Harlow, Neith Hunter, Milla Jovovich, Nicole Kidman, James King, Nastassja Kinski, Abbey Lee Kershaw, Doutzen Kroes, Jennifer Lopez,[24] Sophia Loren, Audrey Marnay, Sienna Rose Miller, Julianne Moore, Bridget Moynahan, Brittany Murphy, Carolyn Murphy, Lupita Nyong'o, Charlotte Rampling, Eva Riccobono, Amy Schumer, Elisa Sednaoui, Léa Seydoux, Jenny Shimizu, Amy Smart, Julia Stiles, Hilary Swank, Uma Thurman, Ai Tominaga, Naomi Watts, Kate Winslet, Robin Wright, and Zhang Ziyi.[25]

Athlete: Serena Williams.[26]

Dancer: Misty Copeland.[6]

Singer: Patti Smith.[26]

Photographers

Peter Lindbergh[n 1] produced three editions of the calendar and Annie Leibovitz[n 2] two.[29]

For Patrick Demarchelier,[n 3] the Cal is "the most prestigious calendar in the world".[30]

In the trend of the MeToo movement and Weinstein effect, the Cal 2019 by Albert Watson[n 4] featured Laetitia Casta in lingerie without teasing nudity.[6]

Year Photographer(s) Location(s) Models
1963 Terence Donovan[32] London unpublished[9]
1964 Robert Freeman[1] Majorca Jane Lumb, Sonny Freeman[33]
1965 Brian Duffy[34] South of France Annabella e Virginia, Pauline Dukes, Jeannette Harding,[32] Pauline Stone
1966 Peter Knapp [fr][32] Al Hoceima, Morocco Shirley Ann
1967 no calendar
1968 Harry Peccinotti[34] Tunisia Pat Booth, Jill la Tour, Elisa Ngai, Ulla Randall
1969 Harry Peccinotti[30] California non-professional models
1970 Francis Giacobetti [fr][34] Paradise Island, Anak, Alexandra Bastedo, Paula Martine,[32] Pipa
1971 Francis Giacobetti Jamaica Caileen Bell, Kate Howard,[30] Angela McDonald, Christine Townson
1972 Sarah Moon[35] Villa Les Tilleuls, Paris Mick Lindburg, Suzanne Moncur, Boni Pfeifer, Inger Hammer, Magritt Rahn, Barbara Trethman
1973 Brian Duffy[9] London Nicki Allen, Erica Creer, Elizabeth, Kate Howard, Nicki Howorth, Kari Ann, Kubi, Jane Lumb, Penny Steele, Pauline Stone, Sue Paul, Vida, Vicky Wilks
1974 Hans Feurer[34] Seychelles Chichinou, Kathy Cochaux, Kim, Marana,[32] Eva Nielsen
1975
|
1983 		no calendar
1984 Uwe Ommer[34][30] The Bahamas Angie Layne, Suzie-Ann Watkins, Jane Wood, Julie Martin
1985 Norman Parkinson[34] Edinburgh Anna Andersen, Cecilia, Iman Abdulmajid,[36] Lena, Sherry
1986 Bert Stern[34] the Cotswolds Jane Arwood, Julia Boleno, Joni Flyn, Gloria, Caroline Hallett, Luise King, Juliet, Deborah Leng, Clare MacNamara, Samantha, Beth Toussaint, Suzy Yeo
1987 Terence Donovan[34] Bath Ione Brown, Naomi Campbell, Collette Brown, Gillian de Terville, Waris Dirie[30]
1988 Barry Lategan[34][30]
Gillian Lynne's choreography		 London Briony Brind, Victoria Dyer, Nicola Keen, Kim Lonsdale, Sharon McGorian, Noomi Sorkin, Carol Straker, Hugo Bregman
1989 Joyce Tenneson[35] Polaroid Studios,
New York City 		Susan Allcorn, Kathryn Bishop, Gretchen Eichholz, Rebecca Glen, Rosemarie Griego, Brigitte Luzar, Nicky (Nicole Nagel), Gilda Meyer-Nichof, Dannielle Scott, Akure Wall, Susan Waseen, Lisa Whiting
1990 Arthur Elgort Seville Laurie Bernhardt,[30] Laure Bogeart, Christina Cadiz, Anna Klevag, Florence Poretti,[30] Debrah Saron[30]
1991 Clive Arrowsmith[34] France Alison Fitzpatrick, Lynne Koester, Monika Kassner, Paola Siero, Nancy Liu, Katherina Trug, Jackie Old Coyote, Tracy Hudson, Rachel Boss, Carole Jimenez, Saskia van der Waarde, Rina Lucarelli, Susie Hardie-Bick
1992 Clive Arrowsmith[34] Almería Julienne Davis, Alison Fitzpatrick, Judi Taylor
1993 John Claridge[34] Seychelles Christina Estrada, Barbara Moors, Claudie
1994 Herb Ritts[34] Paradise Island, The Bahamas Helena Christensen,[32] Cindy Crawford, Karen Alexander, Kate Moss[32][30]
1995 Richard Avedon[34] New York Christy Turlington, Naomi Campbell,[30] Farrah Summerford, Nadja Auermann
1996 Peter Lindbergh El Mirage, California Carré Otis, Kristen McMenamy, Eva Herzigová,[32] Navia Nguyen, Nastassja Kinski, Tatjana Patitz
1997 Richard Avedon[34] New York Honor Fraser, Ling Tan, Monica Bellucci, Sophie Patitz, Cordula Reyer, Inés Sastre, Waris Dirie, Anna Klevhag, Gisele Zelauy [pt], Irina Pantaeva, Kristina Semenovskaia, Tatiana Zavialova, Marie Sophie Wilson, Jenny Shimizu, Brandi Quiñones, Nikki Uberti, Julia Ortiz, Annie Morton
1998 Bruce Weber[34] Miami Tanga Moreau, Stella Tennant, Milla Jovovich,[30] Carolyn Murphy, Eva Herzigová, Patricia Arquette, Kirsty Hume, Shalom Harlow, Elaine Irwin Mellencamp, Kiara Kabukuru, Georgina Grenville, Rachel Roberts, Daryl Hannah
1999 Herb Ritts[34] Los Angeles Chandra North, Sophie Dahl, Karen Elson, Michele Hicks, Carolyn Murphy, Shirley Mallmann, Laetitia Casta,[37][9] Audrey Marnay, Elsa Benítez, Bridget Hall, Angela Lindvall, Alek Wek
2000 Annie Leibovitz[35] Rhinebeck Laetitia Casta,[34][38] Alek Wek, Jacqui Agyepong, five dancers from the Mark Morris Dance Group: Marjorie Folkman, Lauren Grant, June Omura, Mireille Radwan-Dana, Julie Worden
2001 Mario Testino[34] Naples Aurélie Claudel, Rhea Durham, Gisele Bündchen,[39] Karen Elson, Mariana Weickert, Fernanda Tavares, Angela Lindvall, Ana Cláudia Michels,[32] Liisa Winkler, Noémie Lenoir,[9] Frankie Rayder, Carmen Kass
2002 Peter Lindbergh[34] Hollywood Amy Smart, Brittany Murphy, Julia Stiles, Rachael Leigh Cook, Erika Christensen, Selma Blair, Lauren Bush, James King, Bridget Moynahan
2003 Bruce Weber[34] Campania Sienna Rose Miller, Eva Riccobono, Heidi Klum, Mariacarla Boscono, Isabeli Fontana, Valentina Stilla, Filippa Hamilton, Alessandra Ambrosio, Jessica Miller, Rania Faslan, Karolína Kurková,[32] Sophie Dahl, Bridget Hall, Lisa Seiffert, Yamila Díaz, Natalia Vodianova,[32] Marcelo Boldrini
2004 Nick Knight[34] London Adina Fohlin, Natalia Vodianova, Dewi Driegen, Mariacarla Boscono, Jessica Miller, Esther de Jong, Ai Tominaga, Amanda Moore, Alek Wek, Frankie Rayder, Karolína Kurková, Liberty Ross, Pollyanna McIntosh
2005 Patrick Demarchelier[34] Rio de Janeiro Filippa Hamilton, Julia Stegner, Eugenia Volodina, Naomi Campbell,[40][32] Isabeli Fontana, Michelle Buswell, Adriana Lima,[9] Erin Wasson, Diana Dondoe, Liliane Ferrarezi, Marija Vujovic, Valentina Zelyaeva
2006 Mert Alas[34]
Marcus Piggot		 Côte d'Azur Jennifer Lopez, Kate Moss, Gisele Bündchen,[32][30] Natalia Vodianova, Karen Elson, Guinevere Van Seenus[41]
2007 Inez[35] and Vinoodh studio set Penélope Cruz, Sophia Loren,[32][9] Lou Doillon,[32] Hilary Swank, Naomi Watts
2008 Patrick Demarchelier[34] Shanghai Agyness Deyn, Lily Donaldson, Doutzen Kroes, Catherine McNeil, Gemma Ward,[30] Sasha Pivovarova, Coco Rocha, Caroline Trentini, Mo Wandan,[17] Du Juan,[17] Maggie Cheung[17]
2009 Peter Beard[34][30] Okavango Delta Mariacarla Boscono, Daria Werbowy, Malgosia Bela, Rianne ten Haken, Lara Stone, Emanuela de Paula, Isabeli Fontana
2010 Terry Richardson[18] Trancoso, Bahia, Brazil Catherine McNeil, Enikő Mihalik, Ana Beatriz Barros, Miranda Kerr, Rosie Huntington-Whiteley, Abbey Lee Kershaw, Daisy Lowe, Gracie Carvalho, Lily Cole, Marloes Horst, Georgina Stojiljkovic
2011 Karl Lagerfeld[34] Paris (studio set)[42] Isabeli Fontana, Heidi Mount, Bianca Balti, Lara Stone, Natasha Poly as Melpomene,[30] Iris Strubegger as Athena, Elisa Sednaoui as Flora, Magdalena Frackowiak, Julianne Moore as Hera, Freja Beha Erichsen, Daria Werbowy, Erin Wasson as Ajax, Baptiste Giabiconi as Apollo, Brad Kroenig, Abbey Lee Kershaw, Lakshmi Menon, Garrett Neff, Jake Davies, Jeneil Williams, Anja Rubik, Sébastien Jondeau [it]
2012 Mario Sorrenti[34] Domaine de Murtoli,
Sartène, Corsica 		Lara Stone,[41] Kate Moss,[41] Guinevere Van Seenus,[41] Edita Vilkevičiūtė,[41] Rinko Kikuchi,[41] Milla Jovovich, Saskia de Brauw,[41] Joan Smalls,[41] Natasha Poly,[41] Isabeli Fontana,[41] Malgosia Bela,[30] Margareth Madè
2013 Steve McCurry[34] Rio de Janeiro Isabeli Fontana, Petra Nemcová, Sônia Braga,[43] Hanaa Ben Abdesslem, Liya Kebede, Adriana Lima,[35] Summer Rayne Oakes,[43] Kyleigh Kühn, Marisa Monte, Karlie Kloss, Elisa Sednaoui
2014 Peter Lindbergh, Patrick Demarchelier New York (studio set)
50th anniversary[9][44] 		Miranda Kerr, Alessandra Ambrosio, Helena Christensen, Isabeli Fontana, Karolína Kurková
2014 Helmut Newton[45] Montecarlo, Chianti Neith Hunter, Susie Bick, Betty Prado, Antonia Dell'Atte [it]
2015 Steven Meisel[34] New York City Adriana Lima,[30] Natalia Vodianova,[46] Raquel Zimmermann, Isabeli Fontana,[47] Sasha Luss,[48] Anna Ewers,[48] Carolyn Murphy,[47] Cameron Russell,[47] Gigi Hadid,[48] Candice Huffine,[35][47] Karen Elson,[47] Joan Smalls[48][46]
2016 Annie Leibovitz[35] New York City,
Leibovitz studio[49][46] 		Tavi Gevinson, Serena Williams,[34] Amy Schumer, Yoko Ono, Fran Lebowitz, Patti Smith,[26] Yao Chen,[2] Natalia Vodianova,[26] Kathleen Kennedy, Mellody Hobson, Ava DuVernay, Agnes Gund, Shirin Neshat
2017 Peter Lindbergh[50][51] Berlin, Los Angeles,
New York City,
London, Le Touquet 		Jessica Chastain, Penélope Cruz, Nicole Kidman,[52] Rooney Mara, Helen Mirren, Julianne Moore,[52] Lupita Nyong'o, Charlotte Rampling, Léa Seydoux, Uma Thurman,[52] Alicia Vikander, Kate Winslet, Robin Wright,[52] Zhang Ziyi,[25] Anastasia Ignatova
2018 Tim Walker[19][4] London[53] Whoopi Goldberg as the Royal Duchess, RuPaul as the Queen of Hearts, Lupita Nyong'o as the Dormouse, Djimon Hounsou as the King of Hearts, Puff Daddy, Naomi Campbell as Royal Beheader, Lil Yachty, Adwoa Aboah as Tweedledee, Sasha Lane as the Mad March Hare, Duckie Thot[53] as Alice, Thando Hopa as the Princess of Hearts, Slick Woods as the Mad Hatter, Zoe Bedeaux as the Caterpillar, Alpha Dia as the card gardener, Jaha Dukureh, King Owusu as the card gardener, Wilson Oryema, Adut Akech[54]
2019 Albert Watson[6] Miami, New York Laetitia Casta as the painter and Sergei Polunin, Misty Copeland as the dancer and Calvin Royal III, Julia Garner as the photographer and Astrid Eika, Gigi Hadid as the heiress and Alexander Wang
2020 Paolo Roversi[55] Paris / Verona Claire Foy • Mia Goth • Chris Lee • Indya Moore • Rosalía • Stella Roversi • Yara Shahidi • Kristen Stewart • Emma Watson
2021 no calendar
2022 Bryan Adams[56] Los Angeles, Capri Iggy Pop • Rita Ora • Cher • Grimes • Normani • Kali Uchis • Jennifer Hudson • Saweetie • St. Vincent • Bohan Phoenix[57]
2023 Emma Summerton[58] New York, London Karlie Kloss as the Tech Savant • Adut Akech as the Dream Catcher • Bella Hadid as the Sprite • Emily Ratajkowski as the Writer • Cara Delevingne as the Performer • Sasha Pivovarova as the Painter • Guinevere van Seenus as the Photographer • Ashley Graham as the Activist • Lauren Wasser as the Athlete • Kaya Wilkins as the Musician • Adwoa Aboah as the Queen • Precious Lee as the Storyteller • Lila Moss as the Seer • He Cong as the Sage
2024 Prince Gyasi[59] Ghana, London
60th anniversary 		Otumfuo Nana Osei Tutu II • Naomi Campbell • Margot Lee Shetterly • Angela Bassett • Amanda Gorman • Tiwa Savage • Idris Elba • Jeymes Samuel • Amoako Boafo • Teyana Taylor • Marcel Desailly

Filmography

  • The Pirelli Calendar Saga (2010) by Emmanuel Le Ber[60]

Exhibitions

Notes and references

Notes

  1. ^ Peter Lindbergh: The Cal 2017 "conveys personality, sensitivity and the guts to be yourself."[27]
  2. ^ Annie Leibovitz for the Cal 2016: "The whole idea was not to have any pretense in these pictures, and be very straightforward, and show these women exactly who they are."[28]
  3. ^ Patrick Demarchelier: "Every girl we pick says yes."[30]
  4. ^ "Albert Watson seeks to narrate their journey, to understand the emotive power of their dreams, the turning points, the moments of victory and defeat, and how they faced each in turn."[31]

References

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  2. ^ a b c "China's Yao Chen on the cover of 2016 Pirelli calendar". China Daily. 3 December 2015. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  3. ^ Vingan Klein, Alyssa (4 June 2015). "You Will Soon Be Able to Purchase a Pirelli Calendar for the First Time Ever". fashionista.com. Retrieved 10 July 2017.
  4. ^ a b c d Saad, Shirine (10 November 2017). "The once-scandalous Pirelli calendar takes a turn for the progressive". CNN. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  5. ^ Sartori & Tronchetti Provera 2004.
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  7. ^ Forsyth & Tronchetti Provera 1997.
  8. ^ Tomkins 2008.
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  11. ^ "The myth of the Pirelli Cal". Pirelli. 17 November 2006. Archived from the original on 14 October 2007. Retrieved 12 December 2007.
  12. ^ "Time Machine". Pirelli. July 2018. Archived from the original on 29 July 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  13. ^ "Pirelli Calendar makes comeback for 2022 as it goes On The Road with Iggy Pop, Rita Ora, Cher and Grimes". Car Dealer. 8 August 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  14. ^ a b c McIntosh, Steven (29 November 2017). "How the Pirelli calendar went from pin-up to political". BBC. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  15. ^ a b c "A New Year – A New Pirelli Calendar 2017 Issue". Ikon London Magazine. 27 December 2016. Retrieved 23 February 2018.
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  19. ^ a b c Paton, Elizabeth (20 July 2017). "What the 2018 Pirelli Calendar Says About Race". The New York Times. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
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  29. ^ "Facts and Figures". Pirelli. 29 June 2017. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  30. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Eckardt, Stephanie (30 August 2015). "50 Years of Fashion's Sexiest Calendar (NSFW)". The Cut. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
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  57. ^ "Pirelli Calendar makes comeback for 2022 as it goes On The Road with Iggy Pop, Rita Ora, Cher and Grimes". Car Dealer. 8 August 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  58. ^ Madden, Aemilia (16 November 2022). "Why the 2023 Pirelli Calendar Is Like None Other". W Magazine. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  59. ^ Baron, Katie (26 September 2023). "Pirelli Enlists Prince Gyasi For Radically Reincarnated 50th Calendar". Forbes. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
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