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Stenosis
Stenosis (from Ancient Greek στενός (stenós) 'narrow') is the abnormal narrowing of a blood vessel or other tubular organ or structure such as foramina and canals. It is also sometimes called a stricture (as in urethral stricture).[3] Stricture as a term is usually used when narrowing is caused by contraction of smooth muscle (e.g. achalasia, prinzmetal angina); stenosis is usually used when narrowing is caused by lesion that reduces the space of lumen (e.g. atherosclerosis).[4] The term coarctation is another synonym,[5] but is commonly used only in the context of aortic coarctation.[6][7] Restenosis is the recurrence of stenosis after a procedure.[8] ExamplesExamples of vascular stenotic lesions include:
TypesIn heart valvesThe types of stenoses in heart valves are:
ElsewhereStenoses/strictures of other bodily structures/organs include:
Causes
DiagnosisStenoses of the vascular type are often associated with unusual blood sounds resulting from turbulent flow over the narrowed blood vessel. This sound can be made audible by a stethoscope, but diagnosis is generally made or confirmed with some form of medical imaging (such as ultrasound).[10] See alsoReferences
External links
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