Ush Turfan was the site of a battle between Barhanuddin and Abdulla during the Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas.[13][self-published source][14] Six years after the Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas, ten years after the Qing's rescue of the Khoja Brothers from Dzungars, an anti-Qing uprising of the local Turkic (later "Uyghur") people took place in Uqturpan. Legend says that a local rebel leader was married to Iparhan, known as the "Fragrant Concubine" a descendant of Apaq Khoja. During the turmoil, many fled, and the thousands who remained were killed by Sino-Manchu forces. Later, the area was repopulated by migrants from what is now Southern Xinjiang.[15]
The Ush rebellion in 1765 by Uyghurs against the Manchus occurred after Uyghur women were gang raped by the servants and son of Manchu official Su-cheng.[16] It was said that Ush Muslims had long wanted to sleep on [Sucheng and son's] hides and eat their flesh. because of the rape of Uyghur Muslim women for months by the Manchu official Sucheng and his son.[17] The Manchu Emperor ordered that the Uyghur rebel town be massacred, the Qing forces enslaved all the Uyghur children and women and slaughtered the Uyghur men.[18] Manchu soldiers and Manchu officials regularly having sex with or raping Uyghur women caused massive hatred and anger by Uyghur Muslims to Manchu rule.[19]
21st century
Uqturpan delegates (bottom group, flag "乌什") in Peking in 1761. 万国来朝图
In 2012, Aqyar Township (Aheya) was made a town.[20]
In a 2012 article from Radio Free Asia, it was reported that according to family sources and local authorities, Islam Urayim, then 32, a native of Uqturpan County who had been deported to China on December 19, 2009, despite seeking asylum in Cambodia, had been sentenced to life in prison. It was unclear when Urayim was sentenced or on what charges he was convicted.[22]
On April 3, 2015, Imam Township (Yimamu) was made a town.[23]
On October 27, 2019, at 1:29 PM, a 5.0-magnitude earthquake hit Uqturpan County. No casualties were reported.[5]
According to a 2020 Radio Free Asia report, it was estimated by local officials that 20,000 Uyghurs were detained in the three re-education camps in the county.[24]
Geography
The highest point in Uqturpan County is Zhatekelie Feng (扎特克列峰) at 5,135 m (16,847 ft) above sea level.[2]
59.9% of the territory of Uqturpan County is mountainous, 27.6% is Gobi-like desert areas and 12.5% is valley flatland.[2]
As of 2015, 216,579 of the 235,336 residents of the county were Uyghur, 11,462 were Han Chinese, 5,613 were Kyrgyz and 1,682 were from other ethnic groups.[37]
As of 1999, 90.01% of the population of Uqturpan (Wushi) County was Uyghur and 6.73% of the population was Han Chinese.[38]
Economy
Uqturpan County's economy is primarily based on agriculture and animal husbandry, producing wheat, rice, corn, cotton, sesame (胡麻), rapeseed, and pelts. Industries include cooking oil processing, tractor repair, and construction among others.[39]
As of 1885[update], there was about 86,800 acres (572,793 mu) of cultivated land in Uqturpan.[40]
Historical maps
Historical English-language maps including Uqturpan:
Map including Uqturpan (labeled as Uch Turfan) (1917)
^From map: "THE DELINEATION OF INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES ON THIS MAP MUST NOT BE CONSIDERED AUTHORITATIVE"
^From map: "The representation of international boundaries is not necessarily authoritative."
References
^ ab乌什县行政区划 [Uqturpan County Administrative Divisions]. 乌什县人民政府. 8 February 2018. Retrieved 7 May 2020. 乌什县辖3个镇、6个乡：乌什镇、阿克托海乡、亚科瑞克乡、阿恰塔格乡、阿合雅镇、依麻木镇、英阿瓦提乡、亚曼苏乡、奥特贝希乡，共108个行政村527个村民小组、11个社区。县境内有：兵团一师四团。县人民政府驻乌什镇。
^ abcd自然地理. 乌什县人民政府 (in Simplified Chinese). 24 January 2018. Retrieved 8 May 2020. 北以天山山脉与吉尔吉斯斯坦共和国接壤。{...}境内国境边界线长155千米。
^1997年乌什县行政区划 [1997 Uqturpan County Administrative Divisions]. XZQH.org (in Simplified Chinese). 10 November 2011. Retrieved 9 May 2020. 其中维吾尔族占90.4%，
^ abLi Xia, ed. (27 October 2019). "No casualties reported in Xinjiang earthquake". Xinhua News Agency. Archived from the original on April 25, 2020. Retrieved 26 April 2020. No casualties or economic loss have been reported after a 5.0-magnitude earthquake hit Uqturpan County of Aksu Prefecture, northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region at 1:29 p.m. Sunday.
^Alan Taylor (8 May 2017). "Scenes From Xinjiang". The Atlantic. Retrieved 6 May 2020. Students from ethnic minorities give the Young Pioneer's salute to their teacher (right) at a primary school in Uqturpan county, Xinjiang on May 3, 2012.
^Laura J. Newby, "'Us and Them' in Eighteenth and Nineteenth Century Xinjiang," in Ildikó Bellér-Hann, et al., eds., Situating the Uyghurs between China and Central Asia (2007), p. 26.
^ abc乌什县历史沿革 [Uqturpan County Historical Development] (in Simplified Chinese). XZQH.org. 27 May 2015. Retrieved 7 May 2019. 2000年第五次人口普查，乌什县常住总人口177410人，{...}2003年，乌什县总面积9064.76平方千米，{...}2010年第六次人口普查，乌什县常住总人口197990人，其中：乌什镇27836人，阿克托海乡22870人，亚科瑞克乡17023人，阿恰塔格乡17661人，阿合雅乡34588人，依麻木乡22669人，英阿瓦提乡17614人，亚曼苏柯尔克孜族乡8554人，奥特贝希乡23283人，兵团四团5892人。 2012年，自治区政府（新政函[2012]363号）批复同意撤销阿合雅乡，设立阿合雅镇。调整后，全县辖2个镇、7个乡（其中1个民族乡）：乌什镇、阿合雅镇、阿克托海依乡、亚科瑞克乡、阿恰塔格乡、依麻木乡、英阿瓦提乡、亚曼苏柯尔克孜族乡、奥特贝希乡。 2015年4月3日，自治区政府（新政函[2015]86号）批复同意撤销依麻木乡，设立依麻木镇。调整后，全县辖3个镇、6个乡（其中1个民族乡）。
^2019年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：乌什县 [2019 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Uqturpan County] (in Simplified Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. 2019. Retrieved 6 May 2019. 统计用区划代码 名称 652927100000 乌什镇 652927101000 阿合雅镇 652927102000 依麻木镇 652927200000 阿克托海乡 652927201000 亚科瑞克乡 652927202000 阿恰塔格乡 652927205000 英阿瓦提乡 652927206000 亚曼苏柯尔克孜族乡 652927207000 奥特贝希乡
^3–7 各地、州、市、县(市)分民族人口数 (in Simplified Chinese). Statistic Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. 15 March 2017. Archived from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 3 September 2017.
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![Map including Uqturpan (labeled as WU-SHIH (UCH TURFAN)) and surrounding region from the International Map of the World (AMS, 1950)[b]](File:A-k%60o-su_NK-44_(1950)_-_panoramio.jpg)
![From the Operational Navigation Chart; map including Uqturpan (labeled as Wu-shih (Wushi)) (DMA, 1985)[c]](File:Operational_Navigation_Chart_F-6,_6th_edition.jpg)
