Kalitxe
Kalitxe[1] kaltzio karbonatozko depositu edafiko gogortu bat da. Honek beste material batzuk zementatzen ditu, hala nola harea, buztina, legarra edo lohia.
Mundu osoan aurki daitezke kalitxeak, eskuarki eskualde idor edo erdi-idorretan, hala nola erdialdeko eta mendebaldeko Australian, Kalahariko basamortuan, Sonorako basamortuan, Atacamako basamortuan eta Estatu Batuetako Ordoki Handietako goi-lautadan.
"Kalitxe" terminoa latinezko calx (euskaraz: «kare») hitzetik dator. Ingelesez caliche, hardpan, calcrete edo duricrust diote. Indian kankar esaten zaio.
Txileko iparraldean eta Perun Atacamako basamortuan nitrato-gatzen biltegiei «caliche» dieten. Caliche Txile, Peru, Kolonbia eta Mexikoko biltegi buztintsuak ere izan daitezke. Gainera, hitza bauxita, kaltzedonia, kaolinita, kuartzita, laterita, nitratina eta opalo forma batzuk deskribatzeko erabili dute.
Erreferentziak
Bibliografia
- Breazeale, J. F. y H. V. Smith: «Caliche in Arizona» (419-441. orr.). University of Arizona: Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 131, 1930-4-15.
- Price, William Armstrong: «Reynosa Problem of Southern Texas, and Origin of Caliche» (488-522. orr.). Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists 17.5, 1933.
- Reeves, C. C., Jr.: Caliche: Origin, Classification, Morphology and Uses. Lubbock (Texas): Estacado Books, 1976.
- Reeves, C. C., Jr., y J. D. Suggs: «Caliche of Central and Southern Llano Estacado, Texas (Notes)» (669-672. orr.). Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 34.3, 1964.
Kanpo estekak
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