Sasao a Malakula

Malakula
Malakula
Malekula
Heograpiko a; pannakaiwarwaras	Isla Malakula iti tengnga a Vanuatu
Lingguistika a pannakaidasig	Austronesio Malayo-Polinesio Oceaniko Akin-abagatan nga Oceaniko Tengnga a Vanuatu Malakula; ; ; ; ;
Glottolog	mala1539

Ti sasao a Malakula ket dagiti grupo ti sasao a Tengnga a Vanuatu a naisasao iti Isla ti Malakula iti tengnga ti Vanuatu. Saan a kas dagiti immun-una a pannakaidasig, inkeddeng ni Lynch (2016) a mangbukel ti sasao a Malakula iti maysa nga agtunos a grupo.^[1]

Pannakaidasig

Biningbingay ni Lynch (2016) ti sasao a Malakula kadagiti tallo a nangruna a subgrupo, managanan dagitoy ti Akin-amianan, Akindaya, ken Akinlaud, amin dagitoy a tallo ket dagiti pannakaisilpo. Bigbigen ni Lynch (2016) dagiti 32 a pagsasao.^[1]

Akin-amianan
- Luek Malua
- Amianan nga Aplaya
  - Nese
  - Botovro
  - Vovo, Vao
Akindaya
- Uripiv
- Unua
- Aulua
- Luek Banam
- Abagatan akindaya
  - Bwenelang
  - Nasvang, Nisvai
  - Puerto Sandwich, Avok, Axamb
  - Maskelynes
Akinlaud
- Tengnga Akinlaud
  - Neve'ei
  - Larëvat
  - Naman
- Arrubayan nga Akinlaud
  - Ninde
  - Nāti
  - Amianna Akinlaud
    - V'ënen Taut
    - Tape
    - Tirax
  - Abagatan akinlaud
    - Lendamboi
    - Aveteian
    - Navwien
    - Avava
    - Nasarian
    - Naha'ai, Nahavaq

Ti pannakaisilpo ti Tengnga-Akinlaud ket nakapsot laeng a naipalawag, bayat a ti Ninde ken Nāti ket addaan dagiti panagpapada iti isuda a dua dagiti pannakaisilpo ti Amianan akinaud ken Abagatan akinlaud.

Dagiti naipalawag dagiti puesto ti pagsasao a Sörsörian, Rerep, Vivti, ken Nitita.

Dagiti pagsasao

Ilista ni François (2015:18-21) dagiti sumaganad a 42 a sasao a Malakula.

Blng.	Pagsasao	Dadduma a nagan	Dagiti agsasao	Ethnologue	ISO 639-3
65	Axamb	Ahamb	750	ahb	ahb
66	Lendamboi	Bassit a Nambas, Letemboi	800	nms	nms
67	Nasvang		275
68	Sörsörian		3
69	Avok		500		, Avok
70	Uliveo	Maskelynes	1100	klv	klv, Maskelynes
71	Puerto Sandwich	Lamap	1200	psw	psw
72	Nisvai	Vetbon	200
73	Burmbar	Luek Banam, Vartavo	900	vrt	vrt
74	Mbwenelang		<10
75	Aulua		750	aul	aul
76	Niolean	Repanbitip	90	rpn	rpn
77	Rerep	Pangkumu, Tisman	380	pgk	pgk
78	Unua	Onua	520	onu	onu
79	Vivti		<5
80	Nitita		<5
81	Avava	Katbol, Navava, Bangsa’	700	tmb	tmb
82	Neverver	Lingarak, Nevwervwer	1250	lgk	lgk
83	Litzlitz	Naman	15	lzl	lzl
84	Uripiv	Uripiv-Wala-Rano-Atchin, Amianan a daya a Malakula	9000	upv	upv, Atchin, Uripiv
85	Rutan		?
86	Botovro	Mpotovoro	430	mvt	mvt
87	Vao		1900	vao	vao, Vao
88	Alovas		?
89	Vovo		475
90	Nese	Matanvat	160
91	Najit		<5
92	Luek Malua	Tengnga a Nambas	500	mll	mll
93	Njav		10
94	Tirax	Mae, Dirak	1000	mme	mme
95	V'ënen Taut	Dakkel a Nambas	3350	nmb	nmb
96	Tape	Maragus	15	mrs	mrs
97	Larëvat	Laravat, Larevat	680	lrv	lrv
98	Neve'ei	Vinmavis	500	vnm	vnm
99	Nivat		<10
100	Nasarian		5	nvh	nvh
101	Aveteian	Dixon Reef	50	dix	dix
102	Ninde	Labo	1100	mwi	mwi
103	Nahavaq	Abagatan a Luek Laud, Siesip	700	sns	sns
104	Nāti		25
105	Naha'ai	Malvaxal, Malfaxal	600	mlx	mlx
106	Navwien		5

Dagiti nagibasaran

^ ^a ^b Lynch, John (December 2016). "Malakula Internal Subgrouping: Phonological Evidence". Oceanic Linguistics. University of Hawai'i Press. 55 (2): 399–431. doi:10.1353/ol.2016.0019. S2CID 152170547.

Adu pay a mabasbasa

Jean-Michel Charpentier (1982). Atlas linguistique du Sud-Malekula — Linguistic Atlas of South Malekula (Vanuatu) (iti Ingles). Paris: Centre National de la Recherche.
François, Alexandre; Franjieh, Michael; Lacrampe, Sébastien; Schnell, Stefan (2015), "The exceptional linguistic density of Vanuatu", iti François, Alexandre; Lacrampe, Sébastien; Franjieh, Michael; Schnell, Stefan (dagiti ed.), The Languages of Vanuatu: Unity and Diversity (PDF), Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia (iti Ingles), Canberra: Asia Pacific Linguistics Open Access, pp. 1–21, ISBN 978-1-922185-23-5

Dagiti akinruar a silpo

Listaan ken mapa ti sasao a Malekula (Australian National University-A.N.U., 1995)
Mapa dagiti pagsasao ti Vanuatu a mairaman ti Malekula
Updated map of Malekula languages Naiyarkibo 2019-07-08 iti Wayback Machine (MPI-SHH – Jena, 2018) – kitaen ti presentasion Naiyarkibo 2019-03-20 iti Wayback Machine.

[Lynch-Malakula-1] Lynch, John (December 2016). "Malakula Internal Subgrouping: Phonological Evidence". Oceanic Linguistics. University of Hawai'i Press. 55 (2): 399–431. doi:10.1353/ol.2016.0019. S2CID 152170547.

[1]

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