No Alasca, cerca de 1.050 pessoas de uma população siberiana total de 1.100 Yupiks falam a língua. Na Rússia, cerca de 300 de uma população étnica de 1.200 a 1.500 falam a língua, totalizando cerca de 1.350 falantes em todo o mundo.
Dialetos
O Yupik siberiano tem dois dialetos: 'Chaplinski Yupik' é falado nas margens da península Chukchi no extremo Nordeste da Rússia; e o Yupik da Ilha São Lourenço(Sivuqaghmiistun) é falada na Ilha de São Lourenço, Alasca. A maioria dos falantes de Chaplinski Yupik vivem nas aldeias de Novoye Chaplino e Sireniki, nas costas da Península de Chukchi. O da ilha de São Lourenço, acredita-se que seja uma descendência de Chaplinski e, além de algumas peculiaridades fonéticas, fonológicas, morfológicas, sintáticas e lexicais, é praticamente idêntico ao mesmo.[4]
Chaplino, ou Ungazighmiistun , é a maior língua de Yupik da Sibéria (o segundo é a língua Naukan), denominada a partir do assentamento de Ungaziq (Novoye Chaplino). A palavra Ungazighmii / Уңазиӷмӣ[5][6][uŋaʑiʁmiː] (plural Ungazighmiit / Уңазиӷмӣт [uŋaʑiʁmiːt][7][8]) significa "habitante (s) de Ungaziq". Pessoas que falam esta língua vivem em vários assentamentos na Península de Chukchi, no sudeste [9] (incluindo Novoye Chaplino, Provideniya e Sireniki, Uelkal, ilha Wrangel Island, [8] e Anadyr (cidade) .[10] In another terminology, these people speak Chaplino, and Ungazighmiit people speak one of its dialects, along with other dialects spoken by Avatmit, Imtugmit, Kigwagmit, which can be divided further into even smaller dialects.[9]
Outras línguas Yupiks
Naukan, ou Nuvuqaghmiistun, a segunda maior língua de Yupik falada na Sibéria, é falada em assentamentos como Uelen, Lorino, Okrug Autônomo de Chukotka, Lorino, Lavrentiya e Provideniya. [10]
Classificação
Além disso, a linguagem Eskimo Sireniki, chamada Uqeghllistun localmente, era uma língua falada na Sibéria que tinha muitas peculiaridades. Às vezes, é classificada como não pertencente ao ramo Yupik, formando assim (por si só) um terceiro ramo autônomo das línguas Eskimo (ao lado de Inuit e Yupik). [9][11] Its peculiarities may be the result of a supposed long isolation from other Eskimo groups in the past.[12]
Sireniki tornou-se extinto no início de janeiro de 1997.[9][11][13]
Menovščikov, G. A. (= Г. А. Меновщиков) (1968). «Popular Conceptions, Religious Beliefs and Rites of the Asiatic Eskimoes». In: Diószegi, Vilmos. Popular beliefs and folklore tradition in Siberia. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
de Reuse, Willem J. (1994). Siberian Yupik Eskimo: The language and its contacts with Chukchi. Studies in indigenous languages of the Americas. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press. ISBN0-87480-397-7.
Меновщиков, Г. А. (1962). Грамматиκа языка азиатских эскимосов. Часть первая. Москва • Ленинград,: Академия Наук СССР. Институт языкознания The transliteration of author's name, and the rendering of title in English: Menovshchikov, G. A. (1962). Grammar of the language of Asian Eskimos. Vol. I. Moscow • Leningrad: Academy of Sciences of the USSR
Меновщиков, Г. А. (1996). «Азиатских эскимосов язык». Языки мира. Палеоазиатские языки. Москва: Российская академия наук. Институт языкознания The transliteration of author's name, and the rendering of title in English: Menovshchikov, G. A. (1996). «The language of Asian Eskimos». Languages of the world. Paleoasiatic languages. Moscow: Russian Academy of Sciences
Рубцова, Е. С. (1954). Материалы по языку и фольклору эскимосов (чаплинский диалект). Москва • Ленинград,: Академия Наук СССР The transliteration of author's name, and the rendering of title in English: Rubcova, E. S. (1954). Materials on the Language and Folklore of the Eskimoes, Vol. I, Chaplino Dialect. Moscow • Leningrad: Academy of Sciences of the USSR
Menovshchikov, G.A.: Language of Sireniki Eskimos. Phonetics, morphology, texts and vocabulary. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow • Leningrad, 1964. Original data: Г.А. Меновщиков: Язык сиреникских эскимосов. Фонетика, очерк морфологии, тексты и словарь. Академия Наук СССР. Институт языкознания. Москва • Ленинград, 1964
Menovshchikov, G.A.: Grammar of the language of Asian Eskimos. Vol. I. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow • Leningrad, 1962. Original data: Г.А. Меновщиков: Грамматиκа языка азиатских эскимосов. Часть первая. Академия Наук СССР. Москва • Ленинград, 1962.
Rubcova, E. S. (1954). Materials on the Language and Folklore of the Eskimos (Vol. I, Chaplino Dialect). Moscow • Leningrad: Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Original data: Рубцова, Е. С. (1954). Материалы по языку и фольклору эскимосов (чаплинский диалект). Москва • Ленинград: Академия Наук СССР.
Badten, Linda Womkon, Vera Oovi Kaneshiro, Marie Oovi, and Steven A. Jacobson. A Dictionary of the St. Lawrence Island/Siberian Yupik Eskimo Language. Fairbanks: Alaska Native Language Center, College of Liberal Arts, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, 1987. ISBN1-55500-029-0
Bass, Willard P., Edward A. Tennant, and Sharon Pungowiyi Satre. Test of Oral Language Dominance Siberian Yupik-English. Albuquerque, N.M.: Southwest Research Associates, 1973.
Jacobson, Steven A. Reading and Writing the Cyrillic System for Siberian Yupik = Atightuneqlu Iganeqlu Yupigestun Ruuseghmiit Latangitgun. Fairbanks: Alaska Native Language Center, College of Liberal Arts, University of Alaska, 1990.
Koonooka, Christopher (2003). Ungipaghaghlanga: Let Me Tell A Story. Fairbanks: Alaska Native Language Center (University of Alaska Fairbanks)[ligação inativa] Collection of stories, originally recorded by Меновщиков among Siberian Yupik, then transliterated so that it can be read by Yupik of St. Lawrence Island.
Reuse, Willem Joseph de. Siberian Yupik Eskimo The Language and Its Contacts with Chukchi. Studies in indigenous languages of the Americas. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1994. ISBN0-87480-397-7
Reuse, Willem Joseph de. Studies in Siberian Yupik Eskimo Morphology and Syntax. 1988.
Rubtsova, Ekaterina Semenovna. Yupik Eskimo Text from the 1940s.(pdf). [S.l.: s.n.] Collection of 27 texts collected by Rubtsova in 1940-1941. Translated into English and edited by Vakhtin. (The English version is the last file at the bottom of the page.) Downloadable from UAF's site licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.
