Bacillus
| Bacillus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Bacillus subtilis, obarvane po Gramu. | |
| Znanstvena klasifikacija | |
| Kraljestvo: | Bacteria (bakterije)
|
| Deblo: | |
| Razred: | |
| Red: | |
| Družina: | |
| Rod: | Bacillus Cohn 1872
|
| Vrste | |
|
Bacillus anthracis | |
Bacillus je rod paličastih grampozitivnih bakterij, ki so po večini gibljive. Rod šteje 48 vrst.
Ime so bacili dobili po svoji obliki, saj bacillus latinsko pomeni paličica. Pogovorno pogosto mislimo z izrazom bacil napačno na različne mikroskopske povzročitelje bolezni, kot so bakterije, virusi, enoceličarji ...
Bakterije iz tega rodu so aerobne in v neugodnih razmerah tvorijo endospore (so sporogene). Nekatere vrste iz rodu Bacillus so patogene. So katalazno aktivne.
Z medicinskega vidika sta pomembni zlasti dve vrsti: B. anthracis, ki povzroča vranični prisad, in B. cereus, katerega toksini povzročajo črevesne okužbe, podobne okužbam s stafilokoki.
Bacili na gojišču običajno zrastejo v večjih kolonijah, ki so nepravilnih oblik. Pod mikroskopom vidimo paličaste bakterije, v nekaterih opazimo ovalno endosporo.
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