Protoplast
Protoplast (iz stare grščine πρώτον (prvi) + πλάθω ali πλάττω (oblikovati)) je rastlinska, glivna ali bakterijska celica, ki nastane s popolno mehansko ali encimsko odstranitvijo celične stene. Če je celična stena le delno odstranjena, govorimo o sferoplastu.
Encimi za odstranitev celične stene
Celične stene so zgrajene iz različnih polisaharidov in jih je moč odstraniti z uporabo ustreznih encimov, ki razgradijo polisaharidne molekule:
| Vrsta celice | Encim |
|---|---|
| rastlinska celica | celulaza, pektinaza |
| grampozitivna bakterija | lizocim (+EDTA) |
| glivna celica | hitinaza |
Po odstranitvi celične stene postane celica občutljiva na osmotske razmere v okolici, zato je protoplaste treba hraniti v izoosmotičnih raztopinah.
Uporaba protoplastov
Protoplasti se uporabljajo v študijah lastnosti celičnih membran in za vnos makromolekul ali virusov v celico.
Pogosto se protoplasti uporabljajo za vnos tuje DNK pri genskem inženirstvu. Celična stena namreč predstavlja oviro pri transformaciji tuje DNK.
| Mednarodno | |
|---|---|
| Drugo | |
Content Disclaimer
Informasi ini disarikan dari Wikipedia dan disajikan kembali untuk tujuan edukasi. Konten tersedia di bawah lisensi CC BY-SA 3.0. Kami tidak bertanggung jawab atas ketidakakuratan data yang bersumber dari kontribusi publik tersebut.
- The information displayed on this website is sourced in part or in whole from Wikipedia and has been adapted for the purpose of restating it. We strive to provide accurate and relevant information, however:
- There is no guarantee of absolute accuracy. Wikipedia is an open, collaborative project that can be edited by anyone, so information is subject to change.
- It is not intended to constitute professional advice. The content displayed is for informational and educational purposes only. For important decisions (e.g., medical, legal, or financial), please consult a professional.
- Content copyright. Wikipedia is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License (CC BY-SA). This means that content may be reused with appropriate attribution and shared under a similar license.
- Responsible use. Any risk arising from the use of information from this website is entirely the responsibility of the user.
