Strelac A* (čita se „Strelac A zvezdica” ili „Strelac A asterisk” , skraćeno Sgr A* ) jeste supermasivna crna rupa ,[ 6] [ 7] [ 8] spiralnih i eliptičnih galaksija opšte prihvaćeno, smeštena u sazvežđu Strelac A, sjajnom i veoma kompaktnom astronomskom radio izvoru u centru Mlečnog puta , blizu granice sazvežđa Strelac i Škorpija oko 5,6° južno od ekliptike .[ 9]
Posmatranja većeg broja zvezda koje kruže oko Strelca A*, posebno zvezde S2 , korišćene su da pruže dokaze o njegovom prisustvu i za generisanje podataka o hipotetisanoj centralnoj supermasivnoj crnoj rupi Mlečnog puta, i navele su neke naučnike da zaključe da je Strelac A* van svake razumne sumnje mesto te crne rupe.[ 10]
Pretpostavljene orbite od 6 zvezda oko supermasivnog kandidata crne rupe Strelac A* u centru Mlečnog puta[ 11] Pretpostavljene orbite zvezda oko kandidata supermasivne crne rupe Strelac A* u centru Mlečnog puta prema Gillessen et al. 2017,[ 12] [ 13] id ime zvezde u Gilesenovom katalogu. a , e , i , Ω i ω su standardni orbitalni elementi , sa a merenim u ugaonim sekundama . Tp je epoha prolaska pericentra, P je orbitalni period u godinama, a Kmag je prividna veličina zvezde u K-opsegu . r i v su rastojanje pericentara u AU i brzina pericentra u procentima brzine svetlosti ,[ 14] Δ označava standardno odstupanje pridruženih količina.
id
a
Δa
e
Δe
i (°)
Δi
Ω (°)
ΔΩ
ω (°)
Δω
Tp (yr)
ΔTp
P (yr)
ΔP
Kmag
r (AU)
Δr
v (%c)
Δv
S1
0.5950
0.0240
0.5560
0.0180
119.14
0.21
342.04
0.32
122.30
1.40
2001.800
0.150
166.0
5.8
14.70
2160.7
6.7
0.55
0.03
S2
0.1251
0.0001
0.8843
0.0001
133.91
0.05
228.07
0.04
66.25
0.04
2018.379
0.001
16.1
0.0
13.95
118.4
0.2
2.56
0.00
S4
0.3570
0.0037
0.3905
0.0059
80.33
0.08
258.84
0.07
290.80
1.50
1957.400
1.200
77.0
1.0
14.40
1779.7
25.1
0.57
0.01
S6
0.6574
0.0006
0.8400
0.0003
87.24
0.06
85.07
0.12
116.23
0.07
2108.610
0.030
192.0
0.2
15.40
860.3
4.4
0.94
0.00
S8
0.4047
0.0014
0.8031
0.0075
74.37
0.30
315.43
0.19
346.70
0.41
1983.640
0.240
92.9
0.4
14.50
651.7
22.5
1.07
0.01
S9
0.2724
0.0041
0.6440
0.0200
82.41
0.24
156.60
0.10
150.60
1.00
1976.710
0.920
51.3
0.7
15.10
793.2
36.9
0.93
0.02
S12
0.2987
0.0018
0.8883
0.0017
33.56
0.49
230.10
1.80
317.90
1.50
1995.590
0.040
58.9
0.2
15.50
272.9
2.0
1.69
0.01
S13
0.2641
0.0016
0.4250
0.0023
24.70
0.48
74.50
1.70
245.20
2.40
2004.860
0.040
49.0
0.1
15.80
1242.0
2.4
0.69
0.01
S14
0.2863
0.0036
0.9761
0.0037
100.59
0.87
226.38
0.64
334.59
0.87
2000.120
0.060
55.3
0.5
15.70
56.0
3.8
3.83
0.06
S17
0.3559
0.0096
0.3970
0.0110
96.83
0.11
191.62
0.21
326.00
1.90
1991.190
0.410
76.6
1.0
15.30
1755.3
16.4
0.57
0.02
S18
0.2379
0.0015
0.4710
0.0120
110.67
0.18
49.11
0.18
349.46
0.66
1993.860
0.160
41.9
0.2
16.70
1029.3
3.8
0.77
0.01
S19
0.5200
0.0940
0.7500
0.0430
71.96
0.35
344.60
0.62
155.20
2.30
2005.390
0.160
135.0
14.0
16.00
1063.3
4.5
0.83
0.20
S21
0.2190
0.0017
0.7640
0.0140
58.80
1.00
259.64
0.62
166.40
1.10
2027.400
0.170
37.0
0.3
16.90
422.7
3.6
1.32
0.02
S22
1.3100
0.2800
0.4490
0.0880
105.76
0.95
291.70
1.40
95.00
20.00
1996.900
10.200
540.0
63.0
16.60
5903.7
9.7
0.32
0.10
S23
0.2530
0.0120
0.5600
0.1400
48.00
7.10
249.00
13.00
39.00
6.70
2024.700
3.700
45.8
1.6
17.80
910.5
1.6
0.85
0.06
S24
0.9440
0.0480
0.8970
0.0049
103.67
0.42
7.93
0.37
290.00
15.00
2024.500
0.030
331.0
16.0
15.60
795.3
30.8
0.99
0.07
S29
0.4280
0.0190
0.7280
0.0520
105.80
1.70
161.96
0.80
346.50
5.90
2025.960
0.940
101.0
2.0
16.70
952.2
67.4
0.87
0.05
S31
0.4490
0.0100
0.5497
0.0025
109.03
0.27
137.16
0.30
308.00
3.00
2018.070
0.140
108.0
1.2
15.70
1653.7
14.6
0.63
0.02
S33
0.6570
0.0260
0.6080
0.0640
60.50
2.50
100.10
5.50
303.70
1.60
1928.000
12.000
192.0
5.2
16.00
2106.5
179.7
0.56
0.03
S38
0.1416
0.0002
0.8201
0.0007
171.10
2.10
101.06
0.24
17.99
0.25
2003.190
0.010
19.2
0.0
17.00
208.4
1.5
1.91
0.01
S39
0.3700
0.0150
0.9236
0.0021
89.36
0.73
159.03
0.10
23.30
3.80
2000.060
0.060
81.1
1.5
16.80
231.2
3.3
1.86
0.09
S42
0.9500
0.1800
0.5670
0.0830
67.16
0.66
196.14
0.75
35.80
3.20
2008.240
0.750
335.0
58.0
17.50
3364.4
24.8
0.44
0.13
S54
1.2000
0.8700
0.8930
0.0780
62.20
1.40
288.35
0.70
140.80
2.30
2004.460
0.070
477.0
199.0
17.50
1050.2
1.9
0.86
0.78
S55
0.1078
0.0010
0.7209
0.0077
150.10
2.20
325.50
4.00
331.50
3.90
2009.340
0.040
12.8
0.1
17.50
246.1
4.1
1.70
0.02
S60
0.3877
0.0070
0.7179
0.0051
126.87
0.30
170.54
0.85
29.37
0.29
2023.890
0.090
87.1
1.4
16.30
894.5
1.7
0.89
0.02
S66
1.5020
0.0950
0.1280
0.0430
128.50
1.60
92.30
3.20
134.00
17.00
1771.000
38.000
664.0
37.0
14.80
10712.4
620.5
0.21
0.02
S67
1.1260
0.0260
0.2930
0.0570
136.00
1.10
96.50
6.40
213.50
1.60
1705.000
22.000
431.0
10.0
12.10
6511.2
360.6
0.29
0.01
S71
0.9730
0.0400
0.8990
0.0130
74.00
1.30
35.16
0.86
337.80
4.90
1695.000
21.000
346.0
11.0
16.10
803.8
1.4
0.99
0.06
S83
1.4900
0.1900
0.3650
0.0750
127.20
1.40
87.70
1.20
203.60
6.00
2046.800
6.300
656.0
69.0
13.60
7738.6
22.5
0.27
0.05
S85
4.6000
3.3000
0.7800
0.1500
84.78
0.29
107.36
0.43
156.30
6.80
1930.200
9.800
3580.0
2550.0
15.60
8277.1
29.6
0.30
0.33
S87
2.7400
0.1600
0.2240
0.0270
119.54
0.87
106.32
0.99
336.10
7.70
611.000
154.000
1640.0
105.0
13.60
17390.5
2572.9
0.17
0.02
S89
1.0810
0.0550
0.6390
0.0380
87.61
0.16
238.99
0.18
126.40
4.00
1783.000
26.000
406.0
27.0
15.30
3191.8
407.2
0.46
0.04
S91
1.9170
0.0890
0.3030
0.0340
114.49
0.32
105.35
0.74
356.40
1.60
1108.000
69.000
958.0
50.0
12.20
10928.4
74.5
0.22
0.02
S96
1.4990
0.0570
0.1740
0.0220
126.36
0.96
115.66
0.59
233.60
2.40
1646.000
16.000
662.0
29.0
10.00
10127.0
530.0
0.22
0.02
S97
2.3200
0.4600
0.3500
0.1100
113.00
1.30
113.20
1.40
28.00
14.00
2132.000
29.000
1270.0
309.0
10.30
12333.9
305.9
0.21
0.08
S145
1.1200
0.1800
0.5000
0.2500
83.70
1.60
263.92
0.94
185.00
16.00
1808.000
58.000
426.0
71.0
17.50
4580.2
1471.2
0.37
0.10
S175
0.4140
0.0390
0.9867
0.0018
88.53
0.60
326.83
0.78
68.52
0.40
2009.510
0.010
96.2
5.0
17.50
45.0
0.8
4.27
0.47
R34
1.8100
0.1500
0.6410
0.0980
136.00
8.30
330.00
19.00
57.00
8.00
1522.000
52.000
877.0
83.0
14.00
5314.6
856.3
0.36
0.05
R44
3.9000
1.4000
0.2700
0.2700
131.00
5.20
80.50
7.10
217.00
24.00
1963.000
85.000
2730.0
1350.0
14.00
23285.6
901.5
0.15
0.11
Reference
^ Reid and Brunthaler 2004 ^ Gillessen et al. 2009 ^ Ghez, A. M.; et al. (decembar 2008). „Measuring Distance and Properties of the Milky Way's Central Supermassive Black Hole with Stellar Orbits”. Astrophysical Journal . 689 (2): 1044—1062. Bibcode :2008ApJ...689.1044G . arXiv :0808.2870 doi :10.1086/592738 . ^ а б Boehle, A.; Ghez, A. M.; Schödel, R.; Meyer, L.; Yelda, S.; Albers, S.; Martinez, G. D.; Becklin, E. E.; Do, T.; Lu, J. R.; Matthews, K.; Morris, M. R.; Sitarski, B.; Witzel, G (19. 7. 2016). „An Improved Distance and Mass Estimate for Sgr A* from a Multistar Orbit Analysis”. The Astrophysical Journal . 830 (1): 17. Bibcode :2016ApJ...830...17B . arXiv :1607.05726 doi :10.3847/0004-637X/830/1/17 . ^ A geometric distance measurement to the Galactic Center black hole with 0.3% uncertainty „arxiv.org”. arXiv :abs/1904.05721 ^ „Scientists find proof a black hole is lurking at the centre of our galaxy” . Metro (на језику: енглески). 31. 10. 2018. Приступљено 31. 10. 2018 . ^ „A 'mind-boggling' telescope observation has revealed the point of no return for our galaxy's monster black hole” . The Middletown Press . 31. 10. 2018. Архивирано из оригинала 31. 10. 2018. г. Приступљено 31. 10. 2018 . ^ Plait, Phil (8. 11. 2018). „Astronomers see material orbiting a black hole *right* at the edge of forever” (на језику: енглески). Syfy Wire. Архивирано из оригинала 10. 11. 2018. г. Приступљено 12. 11. 2018 . ^ Calculated using Equatorial and Ecliptic Coordinates calculator
^ Henderson, Mark (9. 12. 2009). „Astronomers confirm black hole at the heart of the Milky Way” . Times Online. Архивирано из оригинала 16. 12. 2008. г. Приступљено 6. 6. 2019 . ^ Eisenhauer, F.; et al. (20. 7. 2005). „SINFONI in the Galactic Center: Young Stars and Infrared Flares in the Central Light-Month” . The Astrophysical Journal . 628 (1): 246—259. Bibcode :2005ApJ...628..246E . arXiv :astro-ph/0502129 doi :10.1086/430667 . ^ Gillessen, S.; et al. (februar 2017). „An Update on Monitoring Stellar Orbits in the Galactic Center”. The Astrophysical Journal . 837 (1): 30. Bibcode :2017ApJ...837...30G . arXiv :1611.09144 doi :10.3847/1538-4357/aa5c41 . ^ . The GRAVITY collaboration. „A geometric distance measurement to the Galactic center black hole with 0.3% uncertainty” . Astronomy & Astrophysics . 625 : L10. april 2019. Bibcode :2019A&A...625L..10G . arXiv :1904.05721 doi :10.1051/0004-6361/201935656 . ^ Næss, S. (4. 10. 2019). „Galactic center S-star orbital parameters” .
Literatura
Melia, Fulvio (2003). The Black Hole at the Center of our Galaxy ISBN 978-0691095059 . Backer, D. C. & Sramek, R. A. (20. 10. 1999). „Proper Motion of the Compact, Nonthermal Radio Source in the Galactic Center, Sagittarius A*” . The Astrophysical Journal 524 (2): 805—815. Bibcode :1999ApJ...524..805B . arXiv :astro-ph/9906048 doi :10.1086/307857 . Doeleman, Sheperd; et al. (4. 9. 2008). „Event-horizon-scale structure in the supermassive black hole candidate at the Galactic Centre” . Nature 455 (7209): 78—80. Bibcode :2008Natur.455...78D . PMID 18769434 . arXiv :0809.2442 doi :10.1038/nature07245 . Eckart, A.; Schödel, R.; Straubmeier, C. (2005). The Black Hole at the Center of the Milky Way . London: Imperial College Press. Eisenhauer, F.; et al. (23. 10. 2003). „A Geometric Determination of the Distance to the Galactic Center”. The Astrophysical Journal . 597 (2): L121—L124. Bibcode :2003ApJ...597L.121E . arXiv :astro-ph/0306220 doi :10.1086/380188 . The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration (10. 4. 2019). „First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole”. The Astrophysical Journal Letters 87 (1): L1. Bibcode :2019ApJ...875L...1E . arXiv :1906.11238 doi :10.3847/2041-8213/ab0ec7 . Ghez, A. M.; et al. (12. 3. 2003). „The First Measurement of Spectral Lines in a Short-Period Star Bound to the Galaxy's Central Black Hole: A Paradox of Youth”. The Astrophysical Journal . 586 (2): L127—L131. Bibcode :2003ApJ...586L.127G . arXiv :astro-ph/0302299 doi :10.1086/374804 . Ghez, A. M.; et al. (decembar 2008). „Measuring Distance and Properties of the Milky Way's Central Supermassive Black Hole with Stellar Orbits”. Astrophysical Journal . 689 (2): 1044—1062. Bibcode :2008ApJ...689.1044G . arXiv :0808.2870 doi :10.1086/592738 . Gillessen, Stefan; et al. (23. 2. 2009). „Monitoring stellar orbits around the Massive Black Hole in the Galactic Center”. The Astrophysical Journal . 692 (2): 1075—1109. Bibcode :2009ApJ...692.1075G . arXiv :0810.4674 doi :10.1088/0004-637X/692/2/1075 . Melia, Fulvio (2007). The Galactic Supermassive Black Hole ISBN 978-0-691-13129-0 . O'Neill, Ian (10. 12. 2008). „Beyond Any Reasonable Doubt: A Supermassive Black Hole Lives in Centre of Our Galaxy” . Universe Today. Osterbrock, Donald E. & Ferland, Gary J. (2006). Astrophysics of Gaseous Nebulae and Active Galactic Nuclei ISBN 978-1-891389-34-4 . Reid, M.J.; Brunthaler, A. (2004). „Sgr A* – Radio-source” . Astrophysical Journal . 616 (2): 872—884. Bibcode :2004ApJ...616..872R . arXiv :astro-ph/0408107 doi :10.1086/424960 . Reynolds, C. (4. 9. 2008). „Astrophysics: Bringing black holes into focus” . Nature . 455 (7209): 39—40. Bibcode :2008Natur.455...39R . PMID 18769426 . doi :10.1038/455039a . Schödel, R.; et al. (17. 10. 2002). „A star in a 15.2-year orbit around the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way” . Nature . 419 (6908): 694—696. Bibcode :2002Natur.419..694S . PMID 12384690 . arXiv :astro-ph/0210426 doi :10.1038/nature01121 . Schödel, R.; Merritt, D. ; Eckart, A. (jul 2009). „The nuclear star cluster of the Milky Way: Proper motions and mass”. Astronomy and Astrophysics . 502 (1): 91—111. Bibcode :2009A&A...502...91S . arXiv :0902.3892 doi :10.1051/0004-6361/200810922 . Wheeler, J. Craig (2007). Cosmic Catastrophes: Exploding Stars, Black Holes, and Mapping the Universe ISBN 978-0-521-85714-7 .
