Sister Namibia

Sister Namibia, yo pele a neng a itsege jaaka Sister Namibia Collective, ke mokgatlho wa basadi o o sa tseyeng letlhakore o ebile e se wa puso (NGO) o o kwa Windhoek, Namibia. Mokgatlho ono o tlhomilwe ka 1989 pele ga Namibia e bona boipuso go tswa mo go Aforikaborwa. Sister Namibia e buelela ditshwanelo tsa basadi e bile e nna le seabe mo ditirong tse di rotloetsang tekatekano e e tletseng ya bong mo lefatsheng le le se nang tirisodikgoka, tlhaolele le kgatelelo.^[1] Go tloga fa o tlhongwa, tiro e kgolo ya mokgatlho ono e ntse e le go tlhagisa Lokwalo la Sister Namibia. Ka dingwaga tsa bo 1990 Sister Namibia e ne ya atolosa ditiro tsa yone go akaretsa mananeo a thuto, dipatlisiso, go nna le seabe mo metsweding ya dikgang, le ditiro tsa setso go tshegetsa ditshwanelo tsa basadi.^[2]

Go tlhamiwa ga Sister Namibia Collective go latela kgang ya kgololosego ya Namibia. Morago ga Ntwa ya Lefatshe ya ntlha, Kgolagano ya Ditšhaba e ne ya laela gore Namibia, e ka nako eo e neng e itsege jaaka Aforika Borwa Bophirima, e laolwe ke Aforikaborwa. Ga se fela gore tlhaolele e ne ya gapelediwa ka fa tlase ga puso ya Aforika Borwa, mme le ditshwanelo tsa basadi di ne tsa thibelwa. E re ka basadi ba ba nyetsweng ba ne ba tsewa e le bana ba bannye kafa molaong, ba ne ba ka kgona go dira ditirisano tsa semolao fela fa banna ba bone ba ba naya tetla.^[3] Basadi ba Namibia ba ne ba nna le karolo e e botlhokwa ya boeteledipele jwa sepolotiki le jwa sesole mo ntweng e telele ya boipuso mme baeteledipele bano ba ne ba netefatsa gore ditshwanelo tsa basadi di nna karolo ya serala sa kgololesego.^[4]

Fa Namibia e ne e tsaya boipuso ka 1990, molaomotheo o mosha o ne wa tlhomamisa “ditshwanelo tse di lekanang le tse di ka se amogiweng tsa maloko otlhe a lelapa la motho […] go sa kgathalesege lotso, mmala, tlholego, bong, bodumedi, tumelo kana maemo mo setšhabeng kana mo itsholelo.”^[5] Le fa go ntse jalo, ditshireletso tsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ka fa tlase ga molao, di ne di sa bonale ka metlha mo tirisong. Setlhopha sa Sister Namibia se ne sa tlhamiwa ke Elizabeth Khaxis le Liz Frank ka ntlha ya go lemoga ga bone gore basadi ba le bantsi kwa Namibia ba ne ba sa itse le gore ba na le ditshwanelo tsa setho. Maikaelelo a Sister Namibia Collective e ne e le go tlamela ka thuto le tshedimosetso ka ga ditshwanelo tsa basadi tsa semolao le go tlamela ka didirisiwa le bokgoni gore basadi ba kgone go batla ditshwanelo tsa bone.^[6] Setlhopha se ne se dira ka tsela e e sa tlhomamang mo dingwageng tsa ntlha se sena kago kgotsa badiri ba ba duelwang. Tiro ya yone e kgolo ka nako eo e ne e le go gatisa Sister Namibia Magazine “go bua kgatlhanong le mefuta yotlhe ya kgatelelo le go tlhaola basadi, le go kwala basadi gape mo ditsong tsa Namibia.”^[7] Lokwalo lo ne lwa tlhamiwa ka didirisiwa tse dinnye ke baithaopi ba ba neng ba kopana kwa matlong a maloko.^[8]

Ka 1993 Sister Namibia Collective e ne ya atolosa maikaelelo a yone a go buelela go nna mokgatlho wa ntlha wa Namibia go sireletsa ka matlhagatlhaga ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ba ratanang le ba bong jo bo tshwanang.^[7][9] Lokwalo lwa Sister Namibia o ne wa simolola go akaretsa dikgang ka matshelo le dikgaratlho tsa basadi ba ba ratanang le ba bong jo bo tshwanang le jwa bone fa Collective yone e ne ya nna mogwetlhi yo o tlhamaletseng wa letlhoo la batho ba bong jo bo tshwanang mo dikgannyeng. Thatano ka bong jo bo tshwanang e ne e se kgang e e neng e ngangisanwa ka yone phatlalatsa mo dingwageng tsa ntlha tsa boipuso jwa Namibia, mme morago ga gore Tautona wa Zimbabwe Robert Mugabe a kgale baratani ba bong jo bo tshwanang a re ke “ba ba kwa tlase ga dikolobe le dintša” le gore “ga se SeAforika” ka 1995 go phatlaladiwe thata, badiredibagolo ba Namibia ba ne ba latela.^[10] Ka Phalane 1995 Hadino Hishongwa, Mothusa-Tona wa Namibia wa Ditsha, Go Fudusiwa ga Batho le go Tsosolosa, o ne a bolelela mmegadikgang mongwe gore go ratana ka bong bo tshwana le “kankere kana AIDS” mme a akantsha gore go ratana ka bong ba “ariwe go tlosa matute a e seng a tlholego.”^[11] Sister Namibia o ne a ntsha karabo e e neng e tshegediwa ke molaomotheo wa Namibia jaana: “Re dumela gore banna le basadi ba ba ratanang le ba bangwe ba tshwanetse go nna le ditshwanelo tse di tshwanang le tsa batho ba bong jo bo sa tshwaneng le bone mo dikarolong tsotlhe tsa botshelo.”^[12] Ka Sedimonthole 1996 kwa Bokopanong jwa boraro jwa Basadi ba South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO) kwa Gobabis, Tautona wa Namibia Sam Nujoma o ne a tswa mo puong ya gagwe e a neng a e baakantse mme a tlhagisa gore batho ba ba ratanang le batho ba bong jo bo tshwanang ba ne ba dirisa puso ya batho ka batho ya Namibia botlhaswa mme a bolela gore “go tshwanetse ga tsewa dikgato tsotlhe tse di tlhokegang go re lwantsha bana ba rona mo tsela e e sa siamang batho ba ba ratanang ka bong jo bo tshwanang ba tshwanetse go kgalwa le go ganwa mo setšhabeng sa rona.”^[13] Sister Namibia o ne a batla gore Nujoma a kope maitshwarelo mme a kopa gore batho ba Namibia ba “eme mmogo gone jaanong mme ba bue kgatlhanong le seno kgotsa mofuta ope fela wa puo ya letlhoo le kgatelelo kgatlhanong le leloko lepe la merafe ya rona.” Ka ntlha ya tshwetso ya yone ya go ema kgatlhanong le badirelapuso go sireletsa ditshwanelo tsa batho ba ba seng bantsi ba bong, le ka ntlha ya go akaretsa mantswe a basadi ba ba ratanang ka bong jo bo tshwanang le batho ba ba ratanang le bong ka bobedi mo Lekwalong lwa Sister Namibia, International Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission (IGLHRC) e ne ya naya Sister Namibia seetsele sa Felipa de Souza Award.^[3][14] Mo tshimologong ya 1997, go tsibogela ditshwaelo tsa go ila batho ba bong jo bo tshwanang tse di neng tsa dirwa ke Tautona Sam Nujoma, Sister Namibia o ne a tlamela ka lefelo la dikopano mme a thusa go tlhoma The Rainbow Project, e leng mafaratlhatlha a go buelela le go ema nokeng banna ba ba ratanang le ba bong jo bo tshwanang kwa Namibia.^[15]

Lokwalo lwa Sister Namibia le ntse le gatisiwa makgetlho a le mantsi ka ngwaga fa e sale ka 1989 ka dipuo di le tharo: Seesemane, Seaforikanse, le Seshiwambo. Lokwalo lono lo dirisiwa go "lemosa basadi, banna le bašha ka ditsela tse ditsamaiso tsa sepolotiki, loago, setso, semolao le tsa itsholelo tsa maatla di laolang basetsana le basadi ka tsone."^[16] E akaretsa diporofaele tsa basadi ba ba nang le tlhotlheletso mmogo le mekwalo e e mangaga, ditshekatsheko go tswa mo dibukeng tse di akareditsweng mo lefelong la bone la metswedi, le mekwalo ya tshedimosetso e e tlhalosang ka botlalo ditlhogo jaaka tirisodikgoka kgatlhanong le basadi, basadi mo pusong ya Namibia, le dikgang tsa botsogo jwa basadi.^[17] Lekwalo lono lo anamisiwa kotara nngwe le nngwe go ralala Namibia. Foromo ya peeletso e teng mo maranyaneng a bone go dira diotara tsa boditšhabatšhaba. Mabolokelo a dikgatiso tse di simolotseng ka ya ntlha, e e gatisitsweng ka Phukwi 1989, e teng le mo maranyaneng a bone. Maikaelelo a Sister Namibia ka lokwalo lono ke go tlhoma mogopolo mo dikgannyeng tse basadi ba Namibia ba lebaganeng le tsone. Gape ba batla gore basadi ba kgone go itlhalosa ka ditshwantsho tse di kwadilweng le tsa botaki, ba lemoge dikgang tse di jaaka letlhoo la batswantle le go dirisiwa botlhaswa mo itsholelong, le go gwetlha kgatelelo ka thuto.^[17]

1. ↑ Frank, Liz; |Khaxas, Elizabeth (2006). "Sister Namibia: Fighting for All Human Rights for All Women". Feminist Africa. 6: 83.
2. ↑ Boslaugh, Sarah (2013). Stange, Mary Zeiss; Oyster, Carol K.; Sloan, Jane E. (eds.). The Multimedia Encyclopedia of Women in Today's World. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications. pp. 1803–1805. doi:10.4135/9781452270388.n391.
3. ↑ ^{3.0 3.1} Frank, Liz (2000). "Namibia". In Zimmerman, Bonnie (ed.). Lesbian Histories and Cultures. New York: Garland. pp. 532. ISBN 0815319207.
4. ↑ Frank, Liz; |Khaxas, Elizabeth (1996). "Lesbians in Namibia". In Reinfelder, Monika (ed.). Amazon to Zami: Towards a Global Lesbian Feminism. London: Cassell. pp. 113. ISBN 0304332038.
5. ↑ "The Constitution of The Republic of Namibia".
6. ↑ |Khaxas, Elizabeth (2001). "Organizing for Sexual Rights: The Namibian Women's Manifesto". In Meillon, Cynthia (ed.). Holding on to the Promise: Women's Human Rights and the Beijing +5 Review. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers Center for Women's Global Leadership. p. 60. ISBN 0971141207.
7. ↑ ^{7.0 7.1} Frank, Liz; |Khaxas, Elizabeth (1996). Reinfelder, Monika (ed.). Amazon to Zami: Towards a Global Lesbian Feminism. London: Cassell. pp. 110. ISBN 0304332038.
8. ↑ Currier, Ashley; Thomann, Matthew (2016). "Gender and sexual diversity organizing in Africa". In Fadaee, Simin (ed.). Understanding Southern Social Movements. Abingdon, Oxon, UK: Routledge. p. 95. ISBN 978-1138898004.
9. ↑ |Khaxas, Elizabeth (2001). "Organizing for Sexual Rights: The Namibian Women's Manifesto". In Meillon, Cynthia (ed.). Holding on to the Promise: Women's Human Rights and the Beijing +5 Review. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers Center for Women's Global Leadership. p. 61.
10. ↑ Long, Scott; Brown, A. Widney; Cooper, Gail (2003). More than a Name: State-Sponsored Homophobia and Its Consequences in Southern Africa. New York: Human Rights Watch. pp. 1. ISBN 1564322866.
11. ↑ Long, Scott; Brown, A. Widney; Cooper, Gail (2003). More than a Name: State-Sponsored Homophobia and Its Consequences in Southern Africa. New York: Human Rights Watch. pp. 25. ISBN 1564322866.
12. ↑ Rothschild, Cynthia (2005). Long, Scott; Fried, Susana T. (eds.). Written Out: How Sexuality Is Used to Attack Women's Organizing. New York and New Brunswick, NJ: International Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission and Center for Women's Global Leadership. p. 164. ISBN 0971141231.
13. ↑ Rothschild, Cynthia (2005). Long, Scott; Fried, Susana T. (eds.). Written Out: How Sexuality Is Used to Attack Women's Organizing. New York and New Brunswick, NJ: International Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission and Center for Women's Global Leadership. p. 163. ISBN 0971141231.
14. ↑ "An Award Came our Way". Sister Namibia. 9 (2): 16. 1997.
15. ↑ Frank, Liz; |Khaxas, Elizabeth (2006). "Sister Namibia: Fighting for All Human Rights for All Women". Feminist Africa. 6: 85.
16. ↑ Frank, Liz. "Sister Namibia: Fighting for all human rights for all women" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-07-30. Retrieved 2026-05-14.
17. ↑ ^{17.0 17.1} Shapiro, Janet (1998). I am a Woman: an Evaluation Report on the Sister Namibia Collective. Johannesburg, South Africa: Nell and Shapiro. p. 2.