Yareɜ a ɜtumi sae

Wɔatwerɛ nsɛm wei ɛwɔ Asante kasa mu

Mmoawa a ɜde yareɜ ba no yɜ nkitinikiti a nnipa ntumi nfa won ani nhu.^[1] Mmoawa yi bi ne virus ne bacteria. Yareɜ a virus ne bacteria tumi de ba no te sɜ COVID-19 yɜ yareɜ a ɜtumi sae afoforo.

Broni kasa infection kyerɜ tebea a yareɜ mmoawa bi aba nnipadua mu.^[2] Apomuden mu dwuma yɜ foɔ de brofo kasa colonization de kyerɜ tebea a yareɜ mmoawa aba nnipadua no mu nanso yareɜ biara nna ne ho adi.^[3] Sɜ mmoawa ba nnipadua no mu na sɜ wonna yareɜ biara adi a, wofrɜ no subclinical.^[4] Broni kasa foforo latent infection kyerɜ bere a yareɜ mmoawa aba nnipadua no mu nanso wontumi nkayan won ho. Nsaman-wa ne herpes tumi da ne ho adi wo kwan wei so.

Mmoawa biara de yareɛ soronko na ɛba na won nyinaa nso nam kwan soronko so na wode trɛ fi nnipa baako kɔ foforo mu. Ansa na apomuden mu animdefoɔ betumi ati kwan a yareɛ fa so ba ne kwan a wo bɛtumi afa so de abɔ nnipa ho ban afi yareɛ ho no, ɛwo sɛ wo hu kwan a yareɛ mmoawa fa so trɛ fi nnipa baako kɔ nipa foforo mu. Yareɛ mmoawa akwantuo yi sisi wo gyinapɛn bebree so. Nea edidi so yi yɛ nneɛma a ɛfa yareɛ mmoawa dwumadie

1. Pathogen yɛ mmoawa wo di di nnipa dua no ho anaa faako a wosoe ho ne ho. Pathogens yi ayɛ sɛ ahohoɔ a w’abɛsra nnipa dua no. Saa mmoawa yi na ɛde yareɛ ba nnipadua no mu. Mmoawa yi bi ne viruses and bacteria.
2. Host yɛ aboa anaa onipa a yareɛ mmoawa bi agye won ahome wo mu.
3. Exit ne kwan a yareɛ mmoawa fa so de pue fi nnipa dua anaa aboa bi mu
4. Transmission nso gyina ho ma kwan a yareɛ mmoawa yi fa so pue fi n’ahoho gyebia kɔ nnipa foforo mu
5. Environment gyina ho ma nneɛma ɛboa yareɛ mmoawa no ma no tu kwan fi n’ahome gyebia ko du nnipa a foforo mu.
6. Entry ne faako ne bere pɔtee a yareɛ mmoawa no de nyaa kwan kɔɔ nnipadua mu.
7. Future host yɛ nnipa a daakye bi no ɔbɛgye yareɛ mmoawa yi sɛ ahohoɔ ɛwɔ won mu.^[1]

Yareɛ mmoawa yi tumi fa akwan bebree so de nya kwan kɔ nnipa dua no mu. Mmoawa yi bi fa aduane mu anaa nsuo a yɛ nom mu, ebi nso nya kwan wo bere a onipa bi de ne ho aka ne yɔnko nipa. Mmoawa yi bi nso fa nframa mu. Yɛn botae wo akyerɛ yi mu ne mmoawa a wofa nframa mu.

Yareɛ kakraa bi pɛ na ɛtumi kɔ nnipa a won apom mu yɛ den. Yareɛ su ne n’ahuoden gyina nnipadua no ahuoden ne yareɛ mmoawa no nso ahuoden sɛ ɛbetumi abubu nnipadua no ahuoden. ɛtɔ mmere bia nnipadua no ahuoden tumi yɛ den ma no tumi fi aseɛ sɛ onoara nnipa dua no. Apomuden adwuma yɛ foɔ kyekyɛ yareɛ mmoawa kɔ afa mmienu. Baako ne primary ana baako nso ne opportunistic

Opportunistic pathogens tumi de yareɛ ma nnipa dua no wo abere a n’ahuoden aba fam ɛsan yareɛ bi anaa tebea bi a ɛmaa ayaresafoɔ de sekan twitwaa ne nnipa dua no mu akwaa bi anaa asae bi nti.

Ahyeseɛ yareɛ yɛ yareɛ a ɛde apomuden mu haw ba nnipadua bi mu. Ntoasoɔ yareɛ gyina ɔhaw a ahyeseɛ yareɛ de ba so na ɛyɛ n’adwuma.

Nsae yareɛ nam nnipa ho nsuo anaa nnipa ho atwitwiri atwiri so na ɛtrɛ. (Nhwesoɔ ne nfluenza). Nsae yareɛ no bi nso wo kwan pɔtee a wo fa so de kɔ nnipa foforo mu te sɛ nna mu. Saa yareɛ yi nhia sɛ yɛ bɛte wɔn a woanya bi ho afi nnipa foforo ho. Nsae yareɛ fa nnipa ne nnipa ho atwitwiri atwiri, ne nsuo nkitinkiti a ɛfiri ɛwa mu na ɛtrɛ. Ɛtumi nso fa nframa mu, aduane ne nsuo a aseɛ, nipa ne mmoa nkitahodie ɛne ntumoa a woka nipa.^[6]

Nsae yareɛ biara da ne ho adi wo kwan soronko so. Ebi da ne ho adi wo nnipadua no ho nyinaa wo kwan bi te sɛ ahuoyaa, anum a ato, kwan a obi so bɛte afa, ahuohyeɛ, hwene a ɛsone ne ɛwa. ɛto biribi mpo a, nsae yareɛ nna ahyensodeɛ biara adi.^[5]

Bacteria ne virus yareɛ tumi da ne ho adi wo kwan a ɛse mu. Wei ma no yɛ den sɛ wo bɛhu nsonsonyɛ ne nea yareɛ no farebae.^[7] Sɛ yɛ bɛhu nsonsonyɛ a ɛda won ntɛm no hia paa efiri sɛ aduro a wofrɛ no antibiotics a wode sa yareɛ bacteria de ba no entumi nsa yareɛ virus de ba.^[8]

Sɛ yareɛ bi ka nnipadua no a, aduro bi wo ho a ɛtumi hyɛ mmoawa no so senea ɛmma won ntrɛ. Saa aduro yi gu ahodow bebree. Aduro a wofrɛ no antibiotics ko tia bacteria nkoaa na ɛntumi nko ntia virus. Antibiotics dwumadie ne sɛ, ɛbɛma kum bacteria no anaa sɛ nnɔre bebree wo nnipa du no mu^[10]

References

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1} Chapter: 2. Disease and disease transmission. Available at https://ec.europa.en>cpd02 Accessed on 13 April 2020
2. ↑ Grinde, Bjørn (2013-10-25). "Herpesviruses: latency and reactivation – viral strategies and host response". Journal of Oral Microbiology. 5: 22766. doi:10.3402/jom.v5i0.22766. ISSN 0901-8328. PMC 3809354. PMID 24167660.
3. ↑ "Acute infections (MPKB)". mpkb.org. Retrieved 2019-12-09.
4. ↑ Boldogh, Istvan; Albrecht, Thomas; Porter, David D. (1996), Baron, Samuel (ed.), "Persistent Viral Infections", Medical Microbiology (4th ed.), University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, ISBN 978-0-9631172-1-2, PMID 21413348, retrieved 2020-01-23
5. ↑ ^{5.0 5.1} Foster, John (2018). Microbiology. New York: Norton. p. 39. ISBN 978-0-393-60257-9.
6. ↑ Ryan KJ, Ray CG, eds. (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed.). McGraw Hill. ISBN 978-0-8385-8529-0.
7. ↑ ^{7.0 7.1} (Higurea & Pietrangelo 2016)
8. ↑ "Bacterial vs. Viral Infections – Do You Know the Difference?" National Information Program on Antibiotics
9. ↑ Robert N. Golden; Fred Peterson (2009). The Truth About Illness and Disease. Infobase Publishing, 2009. p. 181. ISBN 978-1438126371.
10. ↑ "Infection". Rencare. Archived from the original on March 5, 2012. Retrieved 4 July 2013.