萨珊帝国的第九位国王沙普尔二世建立了贡迪沙普尔学院(英语:Academy of Gondishapur),该学院成为了一个医学中心兼大学,学者们在此研究解剖学、神学、医学、哲学等诸多学科[3]。后来,霍斯劳一世为牙科、建筑学、农学和灌溉、军事指挥基础、天文学、数学等学科的研究建立了一个观测所。贡迪沙普尔学院被认为是6世纪和7世纪最为重要的医学研究中心之一。然而,7世纪中期,萨珊帝国被穆斯林征服,但征服者保留了这个学术中心。
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