下表列出使用西里尔字母的世界各地语言,列出和比较各语言所采用的字母。
各語言採用的字母與發音
浅蓝色底色显示的是俄语字母,共33个。不少使用西里尔字母的语言都会采用俄语字母作为基本字母,但可能只用在外来词或人名、地名上。
在不同语言中的基本和衍生字母
语系
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印欧语系(斯拉夫语族)
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印欧语系
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乌拉尔语系
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高加索语系
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语言
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А а |
/a/ |
/a/ |
/ɑ/ |
/a/ |
/a/ |
/a/ |
/a/ |
/a/ |
/a/ |
/a/ |
/a/ |
/ɑ/ |
/ɑ/ |
/ɑ/ |
/a/ |
/a/ |
/ɑ/ |
/aː/ |
/aː/
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Ӑ ӑ |
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Ӓ ӓ |
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/ʲa/ |
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/æ/ |
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/ɐ/ |
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Ә ә |
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/ɤ~ʌ/ |
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Ӛ ӛ |
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/ɘ/ |
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Ӕ ӕ |
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/ɐ/ |
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Б б |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/β, b/ |
/β, b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/
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В в |
/v/ |
/v/ |
/ʋ~w/ |
/v/ |
/v/ |
/v/ |
/v/ |
/v/ |
/v/ |
/v/ |
/v/ |
/v/ |
/v/ |
/v/ |
/v/ |
/v/ |
/v/ |
/v/ |
/v/
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Г г |
/g/ |
/ɦ/ |
/ɦ/ |
/ɦ/ |
/g/ |
/g/ |
/g/ |
/g/ |
/g/ |
/g/ |
/g/ |
/ɣ, g/ |
/ɣ, g/ |
/g/ |
/ɣ, g/ |
/g/ |
/g/ |
/ɣ/ |
/g/
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Ґ ґ |
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/g/ |
/g/ |
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Ѓ ѓ |
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/ɟ/ |
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Ғ ғ |
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/ʁ/ |
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Ӷ ӷ |
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/ɣ~ʁ/ |
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Ҕ ҕ |
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/ɣ/ |
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Д д |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/ð, d/ |
/ð, d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/
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Ђ ђ |
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/dʑ/ |
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Е е |
/je/ |
/je/ |
/e/ |
/e/ |
/e/ |
/e/ |
/e/ |
/e/ |
/e/ |
/e/ |
/je, ʲe/ |
/e/ |
/e/ |
/je, ʲe/ |
/e, ʲe, je/ |
/je, ʲe, e, ɤ/ |
/ɛ/ |
/e, ja, aj/ |
/e, ɛː, je, ie/
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Ѐ ѐ |
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/e/ * |
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Ё ё |
/jo/ |
/jɔ/ |
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/jɔ/ |
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/jo/ |
/jɒ/ |
/jo, ʲo/ |
/jo/ |
/jo/ |
/jo, ʲo/ |
/jo, ʲo/ |
/jo, ʲo/ |
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/jo/
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Ӗ ӗ |
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Ҽ ҽ |
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/tʂ/ |
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Ҿ ҿ |
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/ʈ͡ʂʼ/ |
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Є є |
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/je/ |
/je/ |
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Ж ж |
/ʐ/ |
/ʐ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ʐ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ʒ/
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Ӂ ӂ |
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/dʒ/ |
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Җ җ |
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Ӝ ӝ |
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/d͡ʒ/ |
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З з |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z~ʒ/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/
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Ҙ ҙ |
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Ӟ ӟ |
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/dʲʑ/ |
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Ӡ ӡ |
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/dz/ |
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Ѕ ѕ |
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/dz/ |
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И и |
/i/ |
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/ɪ/ |
/ɪ/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i~ɨ/ |
/i/
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Ѝ ѝ |
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/i/ * |
/i/ * |
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Ӥ ӥ |
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/i/ |
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Ӣ ӣ |
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/iː/ |
/iː/ |
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І і |
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/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
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Ї ї |
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/ji/ |
/ji/ |
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Ӏ ӏ |
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/ʔ/ |
/ʢ/
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Й й |
/j/ |
/j/ |
/j/ |
/j/ |
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/j/ |
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/j/ |
/j/ |
/j/ |
/j/ |
/j/ |
/j/ |
/j/ |
/j/ |
/j/ |
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/j/ |
/j/
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Ҋ ҋ |
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/j̊/ |
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Ј ј |
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/j/ |
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/j/ |
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/j̊/ |
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К к |
/k/ |
/k/ |
/k/ |
/k/ |
/k/ |
/k/ |
/k/ |
/k/ |
/k/ |
/k/ |
/k/ |
/k/ |
/k/ |
/k/ |
/k/ |
/k/ |
/kʼ/ |
/k/ |
/k/
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Қ қ |
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/q/ |
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/kʰ/ |
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Ҟ ҟ |
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/qʼ/ |
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Ҡ ҡ |
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Ӄ ӄ |
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/q/ |
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Ҝ ҝ |
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Л л |
/l~ɫ/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l~ɫ/ |
/l~ɫ/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l~ɫ/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l~ɮ/ |
/l/
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Ӆ ӆ |
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/l̥/ |
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Љ љ |
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/ʎ/ |
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/l/ |
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М м |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/
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Ӎ ӎ |
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/m̥/ |
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Н н |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/
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Ӊ ӊ |
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/n̥/ |
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Ң ң |
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Ӈ ӈ |
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/ŋ/ |
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/ŋ/ |
/ŋ/ |
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Ҥ ҥ |
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/ŋ/ |
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Њ њ |
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/ɲ/ |
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/ɲ/ |
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О о |
/o/ |
/ɔ/ |
/ɔ/ |
/o/ |
/o/ |
/ɔ/ |
/ɔ/ |
/o/ |
/o/ |
/ɔ/ |
/o/ |
/o/ |
/o/ |
/o/ |
/o/ |
/o/ |
/ɔ/ |
/o/ |
/o/
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Ӧ ӧ |
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/ø/ |
/ø/ |
/ʌ/ |
/ø/ |
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Ө ө |
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/ŏ/ |
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Ӫ ӫ |
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/ɵ~ɞ/ |
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Ҩ ҩ |
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/ɥ/ |
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П п |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/pʼ/ |
/p/ |
/p/
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Ҧ ҧ |
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/pʰ/ |
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Р р |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/r~ɾ/ |
/r~ɾ/ |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/r/
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Ҏ ҏ |
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/r̥/ |
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С с |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s~ʃ/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/
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Ҫ ҫ |
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Т т |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/tʼ/ |
/t/ |
/t/
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Ҭ ҭ |
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/tʰ/ |
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Ћ ћ |
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/tɕ/ |
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Ќ ќ |
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/c~tɕ/ |
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У у |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
[u]; /w/ |
[u]; /w/ |
/u/
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Ў ў |
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/w/ |
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Ӳ ӳ |
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Ӱ ӱ |
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/y/ |
/y/ |
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/y/ |
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Ӯ ӯ |
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/ɵ~ø/ |
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Ү ү |
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Ұ ұ |
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Ф ф |
/f/ |
/f/ |
/f/ |
/f/ |
/f/ |
/f/ |
/f/ |
/f/ |
/f/ |
/f/ |
/f/ |
/f/ |
/f/ |
/f/ |
/f/ |
/f/ |
/f/ |
/f/ |
/f/
|
Х х |
/x/ |
/x/ |
/x/ |
/x/ |
/x/ |
/x/ |
/x/ |
/h/ |
/χ/ |
/χ/ |
/x/ |
/x/ |
/x/ |
/x/ |
/x/ |
/x/ |
/χ/ |
/x/ |
/x/
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Ҳ ҳ |
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/h/ |
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/ħ/ |
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Һ һ |
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/ʰ~h/ |
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Ц ц |
/ts/ |
/ts/ |
/ts/ |
/ts/ |
/ts/ |
/ts/ |
/ts/ |
/ts/ |
/ts/ |
/ts/ |
/ts/ |
/ts/ |
/ts/ |
/ts/ |
/ts/ |
/ts/ |
/ts/ |
/ts/ |
/ts/
|
Ҵ ҵ |
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/tsʼ/ |
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Ч ч |
/tɕ/ |
/tʂ/ |
/tʃ/ |
/tʃ/ |
/tʃ/ |
/tʃ/ |
/tʃ/ |
/tʃ/ |
/tʃ/ |
/tʃ/ |
/tʃ/ |
/tʃ/ |
/tʃ/ |
/tɕ/ |
/tʃ/ |
/tɕ/ |
/tʃʰ/ |
/tʃ/ |
/tʃ/
|
Ӵ ӵ |
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/tɕ/ |
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Ҷ ҷ |
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/dʒ/ |
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/tʃʼ/ |
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Ӌ ӌ |
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Ҹ ҹ |
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|
|
Џ џ |
|
|
|
|
/dʒ/ |
|
/dʒ/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/ɖʐ/ |
|
|
Ш ш |
/ʂ/ |
/ʂ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ~ʂ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʂ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/
|
Щ щ |
/ɕː/ |
|
/ʃtʃ/ |
/ʃtʃ/ |
|
/ʃt/ |
|
|
/ʃtʃ/ |
(/ʃtʃ/) |
/ç/ |
/ʃtʃ/ |
/ʃtʃ/ |
/ɕ(ː)/ |
/ʃtʃ/ |
/ɕː/ |
|
/ɕ/ |
|
Ъ ъ |
* |
|
|
* |
|
/ɤ~ɐ/ |
|
|
* |
/ʔ/ |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
* |
|
/ˠ/ |
/ʔ/
|
Ы ы |
[ɨ] |
[ɨ] |
|
/ɨ/ |
|
|
|
/ɨ/ |
/ɨ/ |
(/i/) |
/ɨ/ |
/ɤ/ |
/ɤ/ |
/ɨ~ɯ/ |
/ɨ/ |
/ɨ/ |
/ɨ/ |
/ə/ |
(/i/)
|
Ӹ ӹ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/ɯ~ə/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ь ь |
/ʲ/ |
/ʲ/ |
/ʲ/ |
/ʲ/ |
|
/ʲ/ |
|
/ʲ/ |
(/ʲ/) |
(/ʲ/) |
/ʲ/ |
/ʲ/ |
/ʲ/ |
/ʲ/ |
/ʲ/ |
/ʲ/ |
/ʲ/ |
/ʲ/ |
*
|
Ҍ ҍ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/ʲ/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Э э |
[ɛ] |
/ɛ/ |
|
|
|
|
|
/ə/ |
(/e/) |
/e/ |
/e/ |
/e/ |
/e/ |
/e/ |
/e, ɛː/ |
/e, æ/ |
|
|
/e/
|
Ӭ ӭ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/ʲe/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ю ю |
/ju/ |
/ju/ |
/ju/ |
/ju/ |
|
/ju/ |
|
/ju/ |
/ju/ |
/ju/ |
/ju/ |
/ju/ |
/ju/ |
/ju/ |
/ju/ |
/ju/ |
|
/ju/ |
/ju/
|
Я я |
/ja/ |
/ja/ |
/jɑ/ |
/ja/ |
|
/ja/ |
|
/ja/ |
/ja/ |
/ja/ |
/ja/ |
/ja/ |
/ja/ |
/jɑ/ |
/ja/ |
/jɑ/ |
|
/ja/ |
/ja/
|
在不同语言中的基本和衍生字母
语系
|
阿尔泰语系(突厥语族)
|
阿尔泰语系
|
汉语
|
语言
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
А а |
/ɑ/ |
/a/ |
/ɑ/ |
/ɑ/ |
/a/, /æ/ |
/a/ |
/ɑ/ |
/ɑ/ |
/ɑ/ |
/a/ |
/ɑ/ |
/a~æ/ |
/ɑ/ |
/a/ |
/a/ |
/a/ |
/a/ |
/a/ |
/a, ɑ/
|
Ӑ ӑ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/ə/ |
|
|
|
|
|
Ӓ ӓ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ә ә |
/æ/ |
/æ/ |
/æ/ |
|
|
/æ/ |
/æ/ |
|
|
|
|
|
/æ/ |
|
|
|
|
/æ/ |
/ɤ/
|
Ӛ ӛ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ӕ ӕ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Б б |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b~p/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/b/ |
/w/ |
/b/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/
|
В в |
/v/ |
/β/ |
(/v/) |
(/v/) |
/v/ |
/w/ |
/w/, /v/ |
(/v/) |
/v/ |
(/v/) |
(/v/) |
/v/, /w/ |
/w/ (/v/) |
/ʋ/ |
/v/ |
(/w~β/) |
/w̜/ |
/w/ |
/w/
|
Г г |
/ɡ/ |
/ɡ~ʁ/ |
/ɡ/ |
/ɡ/ |
/ɡ/ |
/ɡ/ |
/ɡ/, /ɣ/ |
/ɡ/, /ɣ/ |
/ɡ/ |
/ɡ/ |
/ɡ/ |
/ɡ/ |
/ɡ/ |
/ɡ/ |
/ɡ/, /ɣ/ |
/ɡ/ |
/ɡ/, /ɢ/ |
/ɡ/, /ɢ/ |
/k/
|
Ґ ґ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
Ѓ ѓ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ғ ғ |
/ɣ/ |
|
/ʁ/ |
|
|
/ɣ/ |
|
|
/ɣ/ |
|
|
/ɣ/ |
/ʁ/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ӷ ӷ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ҕ ҕ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/ɣ~ʁ/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Д д |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d~t/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/d/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/
|
Ђ ђ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Е е |
/e/ |
/e/ |
/iɘ/ |
/je, e/ |
/e/ |
/e/ |
/e/, /je/, /jɤ/ |
/e/ |
/je, e/ |
(/e/, /je/) |
/e, je/ |
/ɛ/, /jɛ/ |
/e/ |
/ɛ/ |
/je/ |
/je/ |
/ji~jo/ |
/je/ |
/iɛ/
|
Ѐ ѐ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ё ё |
|
/jo/ |
(/jo/) |
/jo/ |
/ø/ |
/jo/ |
/jo/ |
(/jo/) |
/jo/ |
(/jo/) |
(/jo/) |
(/jɔ/) |
|
(/jo/) |
/jo/ |
/jo/ |
/jɔ/ |
/jɔ/ |
/iɔ/
|
Ӗ ӗ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/ɘ/ |
|
|
|
|
|
Ҽ ҽ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ҿ ҿ |
|
|
|
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|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Є є |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ж ж |
/ʒ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/dʒ/ |
/dʒ/, /ʒ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ʒ/ |
(/ʒ/) |
/ʒ/ |
/dʒ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ʐ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/ʒ/ |
/tʃ/ |
/tʃ/ |
/ʐ/
|
Ӂ ӂ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Җ җ |
|
/dʒ/ |
|
|
|
|
/ʑ/ |
|
|
|
|
|
/dʒ/ |
|
|
|
|
/dʒ/ |
/tʂ, tɕ/
|
Ӝ ӝ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
З з |
/z/ |
/ð/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
(/z/) |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/z/ |
/ts/ |
/ts/ |
/ts/
|
Ҙ ҙ |
|
|
|
|
|
/ð/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ӟ ӟ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ӡ ӡ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ѕ ѕ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
И и |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/ɪ/ |
/ɪ/, /ɯ/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/i, ei/
|
Ѝ ѝ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ӥ ӥ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ӣ ӣ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
І і |
|
|
/ɘ/ |
|
|
|
|
|
/ɪ/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ї ї |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ӏ ӏ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Й й |
/j/ |
/j/ |
/j/ |
/j/ |
/j/ |
/j/ |
/j/ |
/j/ |
/j/ |
/j/, /ȷ̃/ |
/j/ |
/j/ |
/j/ |
/j/ |
/j/ |
/j/ |
/i/ |
/j/ |
/j/
|
Ҋ ҋ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ј ј |
/j/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
/ɟ/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
К к |
/c/ (/k/) |
/k~q/ |
/k/ |
/k~q/ |
/k/ |
/k/ |
/k/, /q/ |
/k/ |
/k/ |
/k~q/ |
/k/ |
/k/ |
/k/ |
/k/ |
/k/ |
(/k/) |
(/kʰ~x/) |
(/k/) |
/kʰ/
|
Қ қ |
|
|
/q/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/q/ |
/q/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ҟ ҟ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ҡ ҡ |
|
|
|
|
|
/q/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ӄ ӄ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ҝ ҝ |
/ɟ/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Л л |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/l/ |
/ɮ/ |
/ɮ/ |
/l/
|
Ӆ ӆ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Љ љ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
М м |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/ |
/m/
|
Ӎ ӎ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Н н |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/ |
/n/
|
Ӊ ӊ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ң ң |
|
/ŋ/ |
/ŋ/ |
/ŋ/ |
|
/ŋ/ |
/ŋ/ |
|
/ŋ/ |
|
/ŋ/ |
|
/ŋ/ |
|
|
|
|
/ŋ/ |
/ŋ/
|
Ӈ ӈ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/ŋ/ |
|
|
|
|
Ҥ ҥ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/ŋ/ |
|
/ŋ/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Њ њ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
О о |
/o/ |
/o/ |
/uʊ/ |
/o/ |
/o/ |
/o/ |
/o/ |
/o/ |
/o/ |
/o/ |
/o/ |
/ɔ/ |
/o/ |
/o/ |
/ɔ/ |
/ɔ/ |
/ɔ/ |
/ɔ/ |
/ɔ/
|
Ӧ ӧ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/ø/ |
/ø/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ө ө |
/ø/ |
/ø/ |
/yʉ/ |
/ø/ |
|
/ø/ |
/ø/ |
|
|
/ø/ |
/ø/ |
|
/ø/ |
|
|
/ø/ |
/o/ |
/o/ |
|
Ӫ ӫ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ҩ ҩ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
П п |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p~pʰ/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
/p/ |
(/p/) |
(/pʰ/) |
(/pʰ/) |
/pʰ/
|
Ҧ ҧ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Р р |
/ɾ/ |
/r/ |
/ɾ/ |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/ɾ/ |
/r/ |
/ɾ/ |
/ɾ/ |
/ɾ/ |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/r/ |
/ɚ, r/
|
Ҏ ҏ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
С с |
/s/ |
/θ/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/ |
/s/
|
Ҫ ҫ |
|
|
|
|
|
/θ/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/ɕ/ |
|
|
|
|
|
Т т |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t~tʰ/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/t/ |
/tʰ/ |
/tʰ/ |
/tʰ/
|
Ҭ ҭ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ћ ћ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ќ ќ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
У у |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/w/, /ʊw/, /ʉw/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/, /w/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/ʊ/ |
/ʊ/ |
/ɤu, u/
|
Ў ў |
|
|
|
|
/w/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
/o/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
/u/
|
Ӳ ӳ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/y/ |
|
|
|
|
|
Ӱ ӱ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/y/ |
/y/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ӯ ӯ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Ү ү |
/y/ |
/y/ |
/ʉ/ |
/y/ |
|
/y/ |
/y/, /w/ |
|
|
/y/ |
/y/ |
|
/ʏ/ |
|
|
/y/ |
/u/ |
/u/ |
/y/
|
Ұ ұ |
|
|
/ʊ/ |
|
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Ф ф |
/f/ |
/ɸ/ |
(/f/) |
(/f/) |
/f/ |
/f/ |
/f/ |
/f/ |
/ɸ/ |
(/f/) |
(/f/) |
/f~ɸ/ |
(/f/) |
/f/ |
/f/ |
(/f/) |
(/f~pʰ/) |
(/f/) |
/f/
|
Х х |
/x~χ/ |
/h~x/ |
(/x/) |
(/x/) |
/h/ |
/x/ |
/x/ |
/x/ |
/x/ |
/x/ |
/x/ |
/x/ |
/x/ |
/χ/ |
/x/ |
/x/ |
/x/ |
/x/ |
/x/
|
Ҳ ҳ |
|
|
|
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|
|
|
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/h/ |
|
|
|
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|
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Һ һ |
/h/ |
|
/h/ |
|
|
/h/ |
/h/ |
|
|
/h/ |
|
|
/h/ |
|
|
/h/ |
|
/h/ |
|
Ц ц |
|
(/ts/) |
(/ts/) |
(/ts/) |
(/ts/) |
/ts/ |
/ts/ |
(/ts/) |
/ts/ |
(/ts/) |
(/ts/) |
(/ts/) |
|
(/ts/) |
/ts/ |
(/ts/) |
/tsʰ/ |
/tsʰ/ |
/tsʰ/
|
Ҵ ҵ |
|
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Ч ч |
/tʃ/ |
/tʃ/ |
(/tɕ/) |
/tʃ/ |
/tʃ/ |
/tʃ/ |
/ɕ/ |
(/tʃ/) |
/tʃ/ |
/c/ |
/tʃ/ |
/tʃ/ |
/tʃ/ |
/tɕ/ |
/tʃ/ |
(/tʃ/) |
/tʃʰ/ |
/tʃʰ/ |
/tʂʰ, tɕʰ/
|
Ӵ ӵ |
|
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|
Ҷ ҷ |
|
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Ӌ ӌ |
|
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|
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|
|
|
/dʒ/ |
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
Ҹ ҹ |
/dʒ/ |
|
|
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|
Џ џ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
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|
Ш ш |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
(/ʃ/) |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʂ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʃ/ |
/ʂ/
|
Щ щ |
|
(/ʃtʃ/) |
(/ɕ/) |
/ʃtʃ, ʃː/ |
(/ʃ/) |
/ɕ/ |
/ʃɕ/ |
(/ʃtʃ/) |
/ɕː/ |
(/ɕː/) |
(/ʃtʃ/) |
(/ʃtʃ/) |
|
(/ɕː/, /ɕtɕ/) |
(/ʃtʃ/) |
(/ʃtʃ/) |
(/ʃtʃ/) |
(/ʃtʃ/) |
/ɕ/
|
Ъ ъ |
|
* |
(*) |
(*) |
(/j/) |
* |
/ʔ/ |
(*) |
(*) |
(*) |
(*) |
/ʔ/ |
|
(*) |
(*) |
(*) |
(*) |
|
(*)
|
Ы ы |
/ɯ/ |
/ɯ/ |
/ə/ |
/ɯ/ |
/ɨ/ |
/ɯ/ |
/ɤ/ |
/ɯ/ |
/ɯ/ |
/ɯ/ |
/ɯ/ |
|
|
/ɯ/ |
/i/ |
/ʉ/ |
/i/ |
/i/ |
/ɪ, ɨə/
|
Ӹ ӹ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ь ь |
|
* |
(/ʲ/) |
(*) |
(/ʲ/) |
/ʲ/ |
/ʔ/ |
(*) |
(*) |
(*) |
(*) |
(*) |
|
(*) |
(*) |
/ʲ/ |
/ʲ/ |
/ʲ/ |
(*)
|
Ҍ ҍ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Э э |
|
/e/ |
(/e/) |
/e/ |
/e/, /æ/ |
/e/ |
/e/, /ʔ/ |
(/e/) |
/e/ |
/e/ |
/e/ |
/ɛ/ |
|
/e/ |
/e/ |
/ɛ/ |
/e/ |
/e/ |
/ɛ/
|
Ӭ ӭ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ю ю |
|
/ju/ |
/jʉw/, /jʊw/ |
/ju, jy/ |
/y/ |
/ju/ |
/ju/, /jy/ |
(/ju/) |
/ju/ |
(/ju/) |
(/ju/) |
(/ju/) |
(/ju/) |
(/ju/) |
/ju/ |
/ju/ |
/ju, jʊ/ |
/jʊ/ |
/iɤu/
|
Я я |
|
/ja/ |
/jɑ/ |
/ja, jɑ/ |
/æ/ |
/ja/ |
/ja/, /jæ/ |
(/jɑ/) |
/ja/ |
(/ja/) |
(/ja/) |
(/ja/) |
(/jɑ/) |
(/ja/) |
/ja/ |
/ja/ |
/ja/ |
/ja/ |
/ia, iɑ/
|
按Unicode排列
图例:
|
Unicode 1.0
|
Unicode 4.0
|
Unicode 1.1
|
Unicode 4.1
|
Unicode 2.0
|
Unicode 5.0
|
Unicode 2.1
|
Unicode 5.1
|
Unicode 3.0
|
reserved
|
Unicode 3.1
|
non-characters
|
Unicode 3.2
|
注释
- 部分语言同时有多於一种字母流通,如拉丁字母、阿拉伯字母等。
- ѐ 和 ѝ 是 е 和 и 的变音字母,用来区分南斯拉夫语支同形字的字义,不被当作独立的字母。
- 阿塞拜疆语另有 ’(单引号)作为字母。
- 阿布哈兹语另有二合字母: Гь гь, Ҕь ҕь, Дә дә, Џь џь, Жь жь, Жә жә, Ӡә ӡә, Кь кь, Қь қь, Ҟь ҟь, Тә тә, Ҭә ҭә, Хь хь, Ҳә ҳә, Цә цә, Ҵә ҵә, Шь шь, Шә шә
- 巴尔卡尔语另有二合字母: Гъ гъ, ДЖ дж, Къ къ, Нг нг
- 车臣语另有二合字母: Аь аь, ГӀ гӀ, Кх кх, Къ къ, КӀ кӀ, Оь оь, ПӀ пӀ, ТӀ тӀ, Уь уь, Хь хь, ХӀ хӀ, ЦӀ цӀ, ЧӀ чӀ, Юь юь, Яь яь
- 卡巴尔达语另有二合字母: Гу гу, Гъ гъ, Дж дж, Дэ дэ, Жь жь, Ку ку, КӀ кӀ, Къ къ, Лъ лъ, ЛӀ лӀ, ПӀ пӀ, ТӀ тӀ, ФӀ фӀ, Ху ху, Хь хь, Хъ хъ, ЦӀ цӀ, ЩӀ щӀ, Ӏу Ӏу, 三合字母: Гъу гъу, КӀу кӀу, Къу къу, Кхъ кхъ, Хъу хъу, 四合字母: Кхъу кхъу
- 汉特语另有二合字母: Л’ л’, Ч’ ч’
- 奥塞梯语另有二合字母: Гъ гъ, Дж дж, Дз дз, Къ къ, Пъ пъ, Тъ тъ, Хъ хъ, Цъ цъ, Чъ чъ
- 雅库特语另有二合字母: Дь дь, Нь нь
參考資料
- There are many languages that use two or more scripts, for example Latin or Arabic.
- In Belarusian and Ukrainian there is an apostrophe to indicate de-palatalization of the preceding consonant.
- Azerbaijani has the apostrophe ⟨’⟩ as a letter.
- Nenets has the apostrophe ⟨ʼ⟩ and double apostrophe ⟨ˮ⟩ as letters.
参閲
外部連結
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