PSR J0740+6620

**PSR J0740+6620**
	; 脈衝星示意圖
觀測資料; 曆元 J2000
星座	鹿豹座
星官
赤經	07h 40m 45.799s
赤緯	+66° 20′ 33.60″
視星等（V）
特性
演化阶段	脈衝星
詳細資料
質量	2.08 M☉
半徑	13-15.1 km R☉
其他命名
	3FGL J0740.8+6621, 4FGL J0741.0+6618
參考資料庫
SIMBAD	资料

PSR J0740+6620是由一顆中子星和白矮星組成的一個聯星系統，它在銀河系內，距離我們4,600光年遠。它於2019年被位於美國西維吉尼亞州的綠堤望遠鏡發現，並確認為一顆毫秒脈衝星。

它是有史以來觀測到的質量最大的中子星之一，質量為7000208000000000000♠2.08+0.07
−0.07 M_☉^[2]^[3]^[4]。它的質量在理論最大值（TOV極限，也叫歐本海默-沃爾科夫極限）的邊界附近^[5]。它的質量是通過夏皮羅時間延遲的計算得到的。當伴星的白矮星在中子星前方時，即介於地球和中子星之間時，會延緩脈衝信抵達地球的時間。它一直是最重中子星的記錄保持者，直到2022年7月，該頭銜才被PSR J0952–0607取代，據報導其質量為7000235000000000000♠2.35+0.17
−0.17M_☉^[6]^[7]。

雖然多數中子星的直徑都在10公里（6.21英里）之間，但經由量測估計PSR J0740_6620的大小為7004123900000000000♠12.39+1.30
−0.98 km （7004123919488000000♠7.70+0.81
−0.61 mi）^[8]^[9]^[10]。

參考資料

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 PSR J0740+6620. SIMBAD. 斯特拉斯堡天文資料中心. [2021-10-23].
^ Fonseca, E.; Cromartie, H. T.; Pennucci, T. T.; Ray, P. S.; Kirichenko, A. Yu; Ransom, S. M.; Demorest, P. B.; Stairs, I. H.; Arzoumanian, Z.; Guillemot, L.; Parthasarathy, A. Refined Mass and Geometric Measurements of the High-mass PSR J0740+6620. The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 1 July 2021, 915 (1): L12. Bibcode:2021ApJ...915L..12F. ISSN 2041-8205. S2CID 233004363. arXiv:2104.00880 . doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac03b8  （英语）.
^ Kohler, Susanna. Reweighing a Heavy Neutron Star. 16 August 2021 [2021-08-20] （美国英语）.
^ Cromartie, H. T.; Fonseca, E.; Ransom, S. M.; et al. Relativistic Shapiro delay measurements of an extremely massive millisecond pulsar. Nature Astronomy. 2019, 4: 72–76. Bibcode:2020NatAs...4...72C. S2CID 118647384. arXiv:1904.06759 . doi:10.1038/s41550-019-0880-2.
^ Green Bank Observatory. Most massive neutron star ever detected, almost too massive to exist. ScienceDaily. September 16, 2019 [September 26, 2019]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-21）（美国英语）.
^ Croswell, Ken. The heaviest neutron star on record is 2.35 times the mass of the sun. Science News. 2022-07-22 [2022-07-25]. （原始内容存档于2024-01-18）（美国英语）.
^ Romani, Roger W.; Kandel, D.; Filippenko, Alexei V.; Brink, Thomas G.; Zheng, WeiKang. PSR J0952−0607: The Fastest and Heaviest Known Galactic Neutron Star. The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 2022-07-11, 934 (2): L17. S2CID 250451299. arXiv:2207.05124 . doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac8007 .
^ Riley T, et al. A NICER View of the Massive Pulsar PSR J0740+6620 Informed by Radio Timing and XMM-Newton Spectroscopy. The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 14 May 2021, 918 (2): L27. Bibcode:2021ApJ...918L..27R. S2CID 234679649. arXiv:2105.06980 . doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac0a81 .
^ Kazmierczak J. NASA's NICER Probes the Squeezability of Neutron Stars. NASA. 19 April 2021.
^ O'Callaghan J. Squishy Neutron Star Setback Dampens Hopes of Exotic Matter. Quanta Magazine. 26 May 2021.

外部連結

Susanna Kohler. More Insight into Neutron Star Interiors. AASnova. 15 September 2021 （美国英语）.

[SIMBAD-1] 1.0 ^1.1 PSR J0740+6620. SIMBAD. 斯特拉斯堡天文資料中心. [2021-10-23].

[2] Fonseca, E.; Cromartie, H. T.; Pennucci, T. T.; Ray, P. S.; Kirichenko, A. Yu; Ransom, S. M.; Demorest, P. B.; Stairs, I. H.; Arzoumanian, Z.; Guillemot, L.; Parthasarathy, A. Refined Mass and Geometric Measurements of the High-mass PSR J0740+6620. The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 1 July 2021, 915 (1): L12. Bibcode:2021ApJ...915L..12F. ISSN 2041-8205. S2CID 233004363. arXiv:2104.00880 . doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac03b8  （英语）.

[3] Kohler, Susanna. Reweighing a Heavy Neutron Star. 16 August 2021 [2021-08-20] （美国英语）.

[Cromartie2019-4] Cromartie, H. T.; Fonseca, E.; Ransom, S. M.; et al. Relativistic Shapiro delay measurements of an extremely massive millisecond pulsar. Nature Astronomy. 2019, 4: 72–76. Bibcode:2020NatAs...4...72C. S2CID 118647384. arXiv:1904.06759 . doi:10.1038/s41550-019-0880-2.

[5] Green Bank Observatory. Most massive neutron star ever detected, almost too massive to exist. ScienceDaily. September 16, 2019 [September 26, 2019]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-21）（美国英语）.

[6] Croswell, Ken. The heaviest neutron star on record is 2.35 times the mass of the sun. Science News. 2022-07-22 [2022-07-25]. （原始内容存档于2024-01-18）（美国英语）.

[7] Romani, Roger W.; Kandel, D.; Filippenko, Alexei V.; Brink, Thomas G.; Zheng, WeiKang. PSR J0952−0607: The Fastest and Heaviest Known Galactic Neutron Star. The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 2022-07-11, 934 (2): L17. S2CID 250451299. arXiv:2207.05124 . doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac8007 .

[8] Riley T, et al. A NICER View of the Massive Pulsar PSR J0740+6620 Informed by Radio Timing and XMM-Newton Spectroscopy. The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 14 May 2021, 918 (2): L27. Bibcode:2021ApJ...918L..27R. S2CID 234679649. arXiv:2105.06980 . doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac0a81 .

[9] Kazmierczak J. NASA's NICER Probes the Squeezability of Neutron Stars. NASA. 19 April 2021.

[10] O'Callaghan J. Squishy Neutron Star Setback Dampens Hopes of Exotic Matter. Quanta Magazine. 26 May 2021.

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PSR J0740+6620

相關條目

參考資料

外部連結