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Knānāya, (Suryani: Knā'nāya (Kanaan)) juga dikenal sebagai Orang Selatan atau Tekkumbhagar, adalah sebuah kelompok etnis endogami yang ditemukan di kalangan komunitas Kristen Santo Tomas di Kerala, India. Mereka berbeda dari bagian lain dari komunitas tersebut, yang dikenal dalam konteks ini sebagai Orang Utara (Vaddakkumbhagar). Terdapat sekitar 300.000 Knanaya di India dan tempat lainnya.
Cikal bakal kominitas Knanaya bermula dari kedatangan pedagang Suryani Tomas dari Kana (Knāi Thoma) yang memimpin migrasi Kristen Suryani (Yahudi-Kristen) dari kawasan Mesopotamia Persia ke India pada abad ke-4 atau ke-8. Kedatangan komunitas tersebut tercatat pada plakat tembaga Tomas dari Kana yang ada di Kerala sampai abad ke-17 setelah wilayah tersebut diserahkan ke Portugal oleh Ordo Fransiskan. Pemisahan antara Knanaya dan Kristen Santo Tomas lainnya terjadi dalam masa kolonisasi Portugis di India pada abad ke-16 dan tercatat sepanjang era kolonial Eropa.
Pada saat ini, mayoritas Knanaya adalah anggota Gereja Katolik Siro-Malabar (Eparki Agung Kottayam) dan Gereja Ortodoks Siria Jacobite (Keuskupan Agung Knanaya). Kebanyakan Knanaya bermigrasi jauh pada abad ke-20 dan ke-21, kebanyakan ke wilayah barat, membentuk komunitas di wilayah pemakai bahasa non-Malayalam, dengan komunitas ekspatriat besar kini tinggal di Houston, Texas dan Chicago, Illinois di Amerika Serikat.
Referensi
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