Leukoaraiosis

Leukoaraiosis (bahasa Inggris: Leukoaraiosis, leukoencephalopathy, White matter changes, WMC) adalah perubahan pada bagian ganglia basal dari otak besar, yang dapat dideteksi dengan penggunaan peralatan radiologi seperti CT atau MRI.^[1] Dengan pemeriksaan radiologi, prognosis WMC ditemukan pada 44% penderita stroke atau transient ischemic attack, 50% pada penderita demensia vaskular.^[2] WMC juga sering terjadi pada penderita infark lakunar, deep intracerebral hemorrhages, cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts, cerebral amyloid angiopathy.^[3]

WMC dapat disebabkan oleh hipoperfusi atau iskemia pada otak, khususnya pada area sub-cortical dari ganglia basal.^[4] Simtoma tekanan darah tinggi merupakan salah satu faktor risiko yang memperburuk kondisi WML, terutama karena tekanan sistolik yang berlebihan.^[5] Pada percobaan dengan menggunakan hewan, terjadi kerusakan mielin pada neuron ganglia basal saat terjadi hipoperfusi WMC.^[6]

Rujukan

^ (Inggris) "New Clinical Relevance of Leukoaraiosis". Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Florence; Leonardo Pantoni, MD; Domenico Inzitari, MD. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-07.
^ (Inggris) "White matter changes in stroke patients. Relationship with stroke subtype and outcome". University of Lille; Leys D, Englund E, Del Ser T, Inzitari D, Fazekas F, Bornstein N, Erkinjuntti T, Bowler JV, Pantoni L, Parnetti L, De Reuck J, Ferro J, Bogousslavsky J. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-07.
^ (Inggris) "Leukoaraiosis and stroke". Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary; Smith EE. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-07.
^ (Inggris) "The natural course of MRI white matter hyperintensities". Department of Neurology, Karl-Franzens University; Schmidt R, Schmidt H, Kapeller P, Enzinger C, Ropele S, Saurugg R, Fazekas F. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-08.
^ (Inggris) "Presence and severity of cerebral white matter lesions and hypertension, its treatment, and its control. The ARIC Study. Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study". Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Liao D, Cooper L, Cai J, Toole JF, Bryan NR, Hutchinson RG, Tyroler HA. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-08.
^ (Inggris) "White matter changes in the gerbil brain under chronic cerebral hypoperfusion". Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka University Medical School; Kurumatani T, Kudo T, Ikura Y, Takeda M. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-08.

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[1] (Inggris) "New Clinical Relevance of Leukoaraiosis". Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Florence; Leonardo Pantoni, MD; Domenico Inzitari, MD. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-07.

[2] (Inggris) "White matter changes in stroke patients. Relationship with stroke subtype and outcome". University of Lille; Leys D, Englund E, Del Ser T, Inzitari D, Fazekas F, Bornstein N, Erkinjuntti T, Bowler JV, Pantoni L, Parnetti L, De Reuck J, Ferro J, Bogousslavsky J. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-07.

[3] (Inggris) "Leukoaraiosis and stroke". Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary; Smith EE. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-07.

[4] (Inggris) "The natural course of MRI white matter hyperintensities". Department of Neurology, Karl-Franzens University; Schmidt R, Schmidt H, Kapeller P, Enzinger C, Ropele S, Saurugg R, Fazekas F. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-08.

[5] (Inggris) "Presence and severity of cerebral white matter lesions and hypertension, its treatment, and its control. The ARIC Study. Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study". Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Liao D, Cooper L, Cai J, Toole JF, Bryan NR, Hutchinson RG, Tyroler HA. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-08.

[6] (Inggris) "White matter changes in the gerbil brain under chronic cerebral hypoperfusion". Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka University Medical School; Kurumatani T, Kudo T, Ikura Y, Takeda M. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-08.

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