Events from the year 1834 in art.

• October 16 – The destruction by fire of the Houses of Parliament in London, UK, is witnessed by J. M. W. Turner,^[1] John Constable^[2] and Augustus Pugin,^[3] all of whose artistic careers will be influenced by the event.

• William Allan – The Orphan
• Carl Blechen – The Interior of the Palm House on the Pfaueninsel Near Potsdam^[4]
• Margaret Sarah Carpenter – Portrait of Countess Howe
• Léon Cogniet – The National Guard of Paris Departs for the Army
• Thomas Cole – The Savage State and The Arcadian or Pastoral State from The Course of Empire
• Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot – Forest of Fontainebleau
• Eugène Delacroix
  • The Prisoner of Chillon
  • The Women of Algiers
• Benjamin Robert Haydon – The Reform Banquet
• Edward Hicks – Peaceable Kingdom
• Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres
  • The Martyrdom of Saint Symphorian (Autun Cathedral)
  • Portrait of Louis-Mathieu Molé
• Thomas Luny – Battle of the Nile, August 1st 1798 at 10 pm
• Daniel Maclise – Portrait of William Harrison Ainsworth
• John Martin – The Deluge
• J. M. W. Turner
  • The Fountain of Indolence
  • Venice: The Dogana and San Giorgio Maggiore
• David Wilkie – Christopher Columbus Explaining His Intended Voyage

• Hiroshige – The Sixty-nine Stations of the Kiso Kaidō (publication begins)
• Hokusai – One Hundred Views of Mount Fuji

• Francis Chantrey – Memorial to Mary Anne Boulton (Great Tew church, Oxfordshire)
• Antoine-Augustin Préault – The Killing (Musée des Beaux-Arts, Chartres)

• February 15 – Paul Guigou, French painter (died 1871)
• February 28 – Léon Bonvin, French painter and watercolorist (died 1866)
• May 9 – Alexander Calandrelli, German sculptor (died 1903)
• July 4 – Christopher Dresser, British designer influential in the Anglo-Japanese style (died 1904)
• July 6 – Joseph Boehm, Austrian-born sculptor (died 1890)
• July 10 – James McNeill Whistler, American-born painter (died 1903)
• July 19 – Edgar Degas, French painter and sculptor (died 1917)
• August 2 – Frédéric Bartholdi, French sculptor of the Statue of Liberty (died 1904)
• December 9 – Leopold Müller, German-born Austrian painter (died 1892)
• date unknown
  • Caspar Buberl, American sculptor (died 1899)
  • Percy Hetherington Fitzgerald, Irish-born literary biographer, drama critic and sculptor (died 1925)

• January 4 – Mauro Gandolfi, Italian painter and engraver of the Bolognese School (born 1764)
• January 31 – Zacarías González Velázquez, Spanish painter (born 1763)^[5]
• February 26 – Alois Senefelder, German actor, playwright and inventor of lithography (born 1771)
• March 30 – Rudolph Ackermann, German-born printer and lithographer (born 1764)
• March 31 – Landolin Ohmacht, German sculptor (born 1760)
• April 27 – Thomas Stothard, English painter and engraver (born 1755)
• June 4 – Robert Bowyer, English miniature painter and publisher (born 1758)
• August 7 – William Birch, English miniature painter and engraver (born 1755)
• c. August 13 – Peter Rindisbacher, Swiss-born painter in the United States (born 1806)
• December 3 – Ferdinand Runk, German-Austrian landscape painter, draftsman and etcher (born 1764)
• December 17 – Henry Bone, English enamel painter (born 1755)
• December 22 – Prince Hoare, English painter and dramatist (born 1755)^[6]
• date unknown
  • Samuel Elmgren, Finnish painter (born 1771)
  • Vicente Escobar, Cuban painter (born 1757)^[7]
  • Anne Forbes, Scottish portrait painter (born 1745)
  • Ulrika Melin, textile artist, member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Art (born 1767)^[8]