1993 Polish parliamentary election

1993 Polish parliamentary election
Turnout	52.10% ( 8.90pp)
	Sejm
All 460 seats in the Sejm; 231 seats needed for a majority
	Senate
	All 100 seats in the Senate; 51 seats needed for a majority
Suchocka cabinet; UD—ZChN—KLD—PSL-PL—SLCh—PChD—PPG	Second Pawlak Cabinet; SLD (SdRP)—PSL

Parliamentary elections were held in Poland on 19 September 1993. All 460 members of the Sejm and 100 senators of the Senate were elected. The elections were won by the left-wing parties of the Democratic Left Alliance and the Polish People's Party, who formed a coalition government. The coalition was just four seats short of a supermajority.

Opinion polls

Results

Sejm

Because of the introduction of electoral thresholds set at 5% for party lists and 8% for coalitions, 34% of valid votes were wasted.^[1]



Party or alliance				Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Democratic Left Alliance		Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland	1,615,355	11.71	77	+32
			All-Poland Alliance of Trade Unions	307,536	2.23	25	–
			Democratic Union of Women [pl]	39,940	0.29	2	–
			Polish Socialist Party	38,015	0.28	4	+4
			National Party of Retirees and Pensioners^[b]	7,126	0.05	0	–
			Polish Socialist Youth Union	6,245	0.05	1	–
			Independents and others	800,952	5.81	62	–
		Total		2,815,169	20.41	171	+111
	Polish People's Party			2,124,367	15.40	132	+84
	Democratic Union			1,460,957	10.59	74	+12
	Labour Union			1,005,004	7.28	41	+36
	Catholic Electoral Committee "Fatherland"		Christian National Union	415,865	3.01	0	−49
			Party of Christian Democrats	145,477	1.05	0	−4
			Christian-Peasant Party	134,013	0.97	0	−10
			Conservative Party	71,295	0.52	0	New
			Federation of Polish Entrepreneurship	22,457	0.16	0	−2
			Rural Solidarity	8,967	0.06	0	New
			Independents and others	80,371	0.58	0	New
		Total		878,445	6.37	0	−65
	Confederation of Independent Poland		Confederation of Independent Poland	392,985	2.85	11	–
			Solidarity 80 [pl]	21,547	0.16	0	–
			Polish Ecological Party "The Greens"	18,402	0.13	0	–
			Rural Solidarity	5,204	0.04	0	–
			Independents and others	357,349	2.59	11	–
		Total		795,487	5.77	22	–24
	Nonpartisan Bloc for Support of Reforms			746,653	5.41	16	New
	Solidarity			676,334	4.90	0	–27
	Centre Agreement – Polish Union			609,973	4.42	0	–44
	Liberal Democratic Congress			550,578	3.99	0	–37
	Real Politics Union			438,559	3.18	0	–3
	Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland			383,967	2.78	0	New
	Party X			377,480	2.74	0	–3
	Coalition for the Republic		Movement for the Republic	34,494	0.25	0	New
			Party of Polish Democracy	12,011	0.09	0	−1
			Rural Solidarity	11,561	0.08	0	New
			Solidarity 80 [pl]	7,807	0.06	0	New
			Freedom Party [pl]	4,709	0.03	0	New
			Patriotic Forum of Fighting Poland	1,362	0.01	0	New
			National Party	934	0.01	0	0
			National Party of the Unemployed	602	0.00	0	New
			Independents and others	298,443	2.16	0	New
		Total		371,923	2.70	0	New
	Peasants' Agreement		Rural Solidarity	33,592	0.24	0	–
			Peasants' Agreement	19,452	0.14	0	–
			Solidarity	883	0.01	0	–
			Independents	273,158	1.98	0	–
		Total		327,085	2.37	0	–28
	German Minority		German Minority of Silesian Opole	60,770	0.44	3	−4
			Social-Cultural Association of Germans - DFK [pl]	23,396	0.17	1	New
			German Community "Reconciliation and Future" [pl]	13,776	0.10	0	0
			German Minority of Częstochowskie Vvs.	10,068	0.07	0	New
			German Minority of Olsztyńskie Vvs.	2,444	0.02	0	New
		Total		110,454	0.80	4	–3
	Polish Beer-Lovers' Party		Polish Party of the Greens [pl]	124	0.00	0	0
			Independents	14,258	0.10	0	–16
		Total		14,382	0.10	0	–16
	Local lists and independents			109,410	0.79	0	0
Total				13,796,227	100.00	460	0

Valid votes				13,796,227	95.70
Invalid/blank votes				619,359	4.30
Total votes				14,415,586	100.00
Registered voters/turnout				27,677,302	52.08
Source: National Electoral Commission^[2]

By constituency

No.	Constituency	Total seats	Seats won
			SLD	PSL	UD	UP	KPN	BBWR	MN

1	Warsaw I	17	7		5	3	1	1
2	Warsaw II	8	2	2	2	1		1
3	Biała Podlaska	3	1	2
4	Białystok	7	4	1	1	1
5	Bielsko-Biała	9	3	1	2	1	1	1
6	Bydgoszcz	11	6	2	2	1
7	Chełm	3	1	2
8	Ciechanów	4	2	2
9	Częstochowa	8	3	2	1	1	1
10	Elbląg	5	3	1	1
11	Gdańsk	15	5	2	3	2	1	2
12	Gorzów Wielkopolski	5	2	2	1
13	Jelenia Góra	5	2	1	1	1
14	Kalisz	7	3	3	1
15	Sosnowiec	10	6	1	1	1	1
16	Katowice	17	6	1	4	2	2	2
17	Gliwice	14	4	1	3	1	2	2	1
18	Kielce	11	4	4	1	1	1
19	Konin	5	2	3
20	Koszalin	5	3	1	1
21	Kraków	13	3	2	4	1	2	1
22	Krosno	5	1	2	1		1
23	Legnica	5	3	1		1
24	Leszno	4	2	2
25	Lublin	10	4	4	1		1
26	Łomża	4	1	3
27	Łódź	12	5	1	2	2	1	1
28	Nowy Sącz	7	1	2	1		1	2
29	Olsztyn	8	4	2	1	1
30	Opole	10	3	2	1	1			3
31	Ostrołęka	4	1	3
32	Piła	5	3	1	1
33	Piotrków Trybunalski	7	2	3		1	1
34	Płock	5	1	4
35	Poznań	14	4	2	5	3
36	Przemyśl	4	1	3
37	Radom	8	2	4	1			1
38	Rzeszów	7	2	3	1		1
39	Siedlce	7	2	5
40	Sieradz	4	1	3
41	Skierniewice	4	1	3
42	Słupsk	4	2	1	1
43	Suwałki	5	2	2		1
44	Szczecin	10	4	1	2	1	1	1
45	Tarnobrzeg	6	2	3			1
46	Tarnów	7	1	4	1		1
47	Toruń	7	3	2	1	1
48	Wałbrzych	8	4	1	2	1
49	Włocławek	4	3	1
50	Wrocław	12	4	2	3	1	1	1
51	Zamość	5	1	4
52	Zielona Góra	7	3	2	1	1
National list		69	26	20	14	9
Total		460	171	132	74	41	22	16	4
Source: National Electoral Commission

Senate

Voters were able to cast as many votes as there were seats available in their constituency.^[3]



Party		Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Democratic Left Alliance	4,993,061	18.31	37	+33
	Polish People's Party	3,238,999	11.88	36	+29
	Democratic Union	2,913,773	10.69	4	–17
	Solidarity	2,683,085	9.84	9	–2
	Nonpartisan Bloc for Support of Reforms	2,193,970	8.05	2	New
	Confederation of Independent Poland	1,646,654	6.04	0	–4
	Labour Union	1,121,744	4.11	2	New
	Liberal Democratic Congress	1,088,769	3.99	1	–5
	Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland	650,727	2.39	0	New
	Polish Union	607,624	2.23	1	New
	Christian National Union	486,387	1.78	0	New
	Real Politics Union	434,657	1.59	0	0
	Catholic Electoral Committee "Fatherland"	323,135	1.19	0	–9
	Silesian Autonomy Movement	304,877	1.12	0	New
	Coalition for the Republic	290,361	1.06	0	New
	Peasants' Agreement	285,406	1.05	1	–4
	Democratic Party	218,295	0.80	0	0
	Polish Convention [pl]	156,129	0.57	0	New
	Association of Friends of the John Paul II Museum [pl]	155,538	0.57	0	New
	Citizens' Electoral Committee	129,961	0.48	0	New
	German Minority	124,986	0.46	1	0
	KIK–SRK [pl]^[c]	99,737	0.37	1	New
	Service to the Child^[d]	90,790	0.33	0	–
	Party of Christian Democrats	81,029	0.30	0	–
	Polish Beer-Lovers' Party	77,365	0.28	0	–
	Kashubian–Pomeranian Association	75,038	0.28	0	–
	Patriotic Forum of Fighting Poland^[e]	63,752	0.23	0	–
	Club of Catholic Intelligentsia – Lublin [pl]^[f]	60,935	0.22	0	–
	Orthodox Electoral Committee	51,815	0.19	0	–
	Polish Federation of Engineering Associations	46,131	0.17	0	–
	Social Movement for the Region and Poland	37,984	0.14	0	–
	Polish Aid Council	37,780	0.14	0	–
	Fatherland – Polish List	37,055	0.14	0	–
	Disabled People Live Among Us	35,150	0.13	0	–
	Rural Solidarity^[g]	33,682	0.12	1	–
	Party X	33,223	0.12	0	0
	PIAST [pl]	31,187	0.11	0	–
	Rural Solidarity^[h]	27,362	0.10	0	–
	Christian-Peasant Party^[i]	27,137	0.10	0	–
	Polish Dignity	22,348	0.08	0	–
	Defense of Working People	22,137	0.08	0	–
	People not Parties	20,086	0.07	0	–
	District Council of Nurses and Midwives	19,189	0.07	0	–
	TEMIDA Lawyers' Association	18,079	0.07	0	–
	Experience-Expertise-Prudence	17,083	0.06	0	–
	Health–Knowledge–Success	16,835	0.06	0	–
	About Polish Farming	16,230	0.06	0	–
	For the Health of Poles	15,605	0.06	0	–
	TKKFKŻAK [pl]	15,407	0.06	0	–
	National Committee of Voters^[j]	15,406	0.06	0	–
	Help for the Victims and the Needy	15,256	0.06	0	–
	Alliance of Christian Groups	13,350	0.05	0	–
	Woman Poland and Independence	12,762	0.05	0	–
	Polish Greens Party [pl]	12,631	0.05	0	–
	Catholic Society for the Service of Children	11,880	0.04	0	–
	Polish Socialist Party	10,985	0.04	0	–
	Union of Poles in Poland	10,705	0.04	0	–
	National Party^[k]	10,235	0.04	0	–
	Conservative Party	10,231	0.04	0	–
	Polish Ecological Union	10,157	0.04	0	–
	Civic Forum	9,892	0.04	0	–
	White and Red	9,524	0.03	0	–
	For Political and Economic Order	9,063	0.03	–	–
	Regional Electoral Initiative	8,306	0.03	0	–
	FAMILY	8,273	0.03	0	–
	Association of Sybiraks [pl]	6,798	0.02	0	–
	Catholic Justice Action "Equality"	4,856	0.02	0	–
	Local lists	696,354	2.55	0	–
	Independents^[l]	1,198,999	4.40	4	–
Total		27,263,952	100.00	100	0

Valid votes		13,985,535	97.07
Invalid/blank votes		422,832	2.93
Total votes		14,408,367	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		27,655,495	52.10
Source: Prawo

By voivodeship

Voivodeship	Total seats	Seats won
		SLD	PSL	KO "S"	UD	BBWR	KLD	Others

Biała Podlaska	2		2
Białystok	2	1						1
Bielsko	2			1	1
Bydgoszcz	2	2
Chełm	2	1	1
Ciechanów	2	1	1
Częstochowa	2	1	1
Elbląg	2	1	1
Gdańsk	2	1		1
Gorzów	2	1	1
Jelenia Góra	2	2
Kalisz	2	2
Katowice	3	1		1		1
Kielce	2	1	1
Konin	2		2
Koszalin	2	1						1
Kraków	2			1	1
Krosno	2		1	1
Legnica	2	1	1
Leszno	2	2
Lublin	2	1	1
Łomża	2		1					1
Łódź	2	1						1
Nowy Sącz	2			1		1
Olsztyn	2	1	1
Opole	2				1			1
Ostrołęka	2		1	1
Piła	2	1						1
Piotrków	2	1	1
Płock	2		2
Poznań	2						1	1
Przemyśl	2		1	1
Radom	2	1	1
Rzeszów	2		1					1
Siedlce	2		2
Sieradz	2		2
Skierniewice	2		2
Słupsk	2	1	1
Suwałki	2	1	1
Szczecin	2	2
Tarnobrzeg	2		2
Tarnów	2		1	1
Toruń	2	1						1
Wałbrzych	2	2
Warsaw	3		1	1	1
Włocławek	2	2
Wrocław	2	2
Zamość	2		2
Zielona Góra	2	1						1
Total	100	37	36	10	4	2	1	10
Source: National Electoral Commission

Notes

^ Barbara Łękawa [pl], the only elected candidate, was seated in the Senate as part of NSZZ "Solidarność"
^ Results of parties that merged to form the National Party of Retirees and Pensioners in the following months.
^ Barbara Łękawa [pl], the only elected candidate, was seated in the Senate as part of NSZZ "Solidarność"
^ The two candidates, Maria Hrabowska [pl] in Gdańsk and Ryszard Pacławski in Krosno were both leaders of the Polish Scouting and Guiding Association
^ Part of the Coalition for the Republic
^ Unaffiliated with the other KIK circles.
^ Independent Self-Governing Trade Union of Individual Farmers "Solidarity" Niezależny Samorządny Związek Zawodowy Rolników Indywidualnych "Solidarność" (Polish)
^ "Rolnicza Solidarność" (Polish), unaffiliated with Independent Self-Governing Trade Union of Individual Farmers "Solidarity"
^ Part of the Catholic Electoral Committee "Fatherland"
^ National Party: Maciej Giertych, Andrzej Fedorowicz
^ National Party: Eugeniusz Grzejdniak
^ Henryk Stokłosa [pl], Elżbieta Solska [pl], Jerzy Madej [pl], Aleksander Gawronik

References

^ "Electoral Systems -- The Systems and Their Consequences. Proportional representation related issues : The Threshold". ACE Electoral Knowledge Network.
^ "Wybory do Sejmu w 1993 r." National Electoral Commission (in Polish). Retrieved 13 November 2024.
^ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p. 1487 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7

Obwieszczenie Państwowej Komisji Wyborczej z dn. 23 IX 1993 r., Monitor Polski. Nr 50, poz. 470, sprostowanie – M.P. z 1994 r., Nr 2, poz. 8
Obwieszczenie PKW z dn. 23 IX 1993 r., M.P. Nr 50, poz. 471; sprostowanie – M.P. z 1994 r., Nr 2, poz. 8

[1] Barbara Łękawa [pl], the only elected candidate, was seated in the Senate as part of NSZZ "Solidarność"

[3] Results of parties that merged to form the National Party of Retirees and Pensioners in the following months.

[6] Barbara Łękawa [pl], the only elected candidate, was seated in the Senate as part of NSZZ "Solidarność"

[7] The two candidates, Maria Hrabowska [pl] in Gdańsk and Ryszard Pacławski in Krosno were both leaders of the Polish Scouting and Guiding Association

[8] Part of the Coalition for the Republic

[9] Unaffiliated with the other KIK circles.

[10] Independent Self-Governing Trade Union of Individual Farmers "Solidarity" Niezależny Samorządny Związek Zawodowy Rolników Indywidualnych "Solidarność" (Polish)

[11] "Rolnicza Solidarność" (Polish), unaffiliated with Independent Self-Governing Trade Union of Individual Farmers "Solidarity"

[12] Part of the Catholic Electoral Committee "Fatherland"

[13] National Party: Maciej Giertych, Andrzej Fedorowicz

[14] National Party: Eugeniusz Grzejdniak

[15] Henryk Stokłosa [pl], Elżbieta Solska [pl], Jerzy Madej [pl], Aleksander Gawronik

[2] "Electoral Systems -- The Systems and Their Consequences. Proportional representation related issues : The Threshold". ACE Electoral Knowledge Network.

[4] "Wybory do Sejmu w 1993 r." National Electoral Commission (in Polish). Retrieved 13 November 2024.

[5] Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p. 1487 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7

[a]

[1]

[b]

[2]

[3]

[c]

[d]

[e]

[f]

[g]

[h]

[i]

[j]

[k]

[l]