The CIA World Factbook estimated the population to be over 105 million as of 2022 (the exact number being 108,407,721), now exceeding that of Vietnam (with 98,721,275 inhabitants as of 2020) and ascending the country to the rank of 14th most populous in the world.[2] The proportion of children below the age of 14 in 2020 was 46.38%, 51.15% of the population was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 2.47% was 65 years or older.[2][3]
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2020) (Post-censal estimates.) (Provisional.):[4]
Age Group
Male
Female
Total
%
Total
50 286 000
51 472 000
101 758 000
100
0–4
9 956 000
9 780 000
19 736 000
19.40
5–9
8 046 000
7 978 000
16 024 000
15.75
10–14
6 638 000
6 588 000
13 226 000
13.00
15–19
5 280 000
5 250 000
10 530 000
10.35
20–24
4 224 000
4 272 000
8 496 000
8.35
25–29
3 621 000
3 603 000
7 224 000
7.10
30–34
3 017 000
3 037 000
6 054 000
5.95
35–39
2 565 000
2 728 000
5 293 000
5.20
40–44
2 011 000
2 059 000
4 070 000
4.00
45–49
1 307 000
1 493 000
2 800 000
2.75
50–54
1 056 000
1 287 000
2 343 000
2.30
55–59
704 000
926 000
1 630 000
1.60
60–64
704 000
926 000
1 630 000
1.60
65-69
553 000
721 000
1 274 000
1.25
70-74
302 000
412 000
714 000
0.70
75+
302 000
412 000
714 000
0.70
Age group
Male
Female
Total
Percent
0–14
24 640 000
24 346 000
48 986 000
48.14
15–64
24 489 000
25 581 000
50 070 000
49.20
65+
1 157 000
1 545 000
2 702 000
2.66
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
Census
The first and so far only census conducted in DR Congo dates from 1984.[5] A census is supposed to be conducted decennially, but this has been obstructed by periods of instability such as the political reorganization in 1991 and the civil war in 1996.[6]
In January 2015, the parliament passed a law requiring that a census be completed before the next election. Opponents said this was intended to keep Joseph Kabila in power by delaying the next election, leading to protests that caused several deaths. The parliament repealed the law and the census did not take place.[7]
The second general census of population and housing is underway as of 2024.[8] President Félix Tshisekedi called for a census to improve demographic policies and to enable the creation of national identity cards.[9][6] The National Office for Population Identification (ONIP), founded in 2011, was tasked with leading the census, settling a dispute between bids by the Ministries of Interior, Planning, and Digital Technology.[6] Preliminary mapping was conducted in 2018 under Minister of State Modeste Bahati Lukwebo.[10] Data collection began on 2 March 2020 and was scheduled to end on 10 June, but implementation was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[11] Data collection was arranged by the Ministries of Planning, Budget, and Finance, and the electoral commission sent materials to the ONIP and the National Statistics Institute [fr].[9] In 2022, Prime Minister Sama Lukonde issued a decree about the operations of the census.[6] The government allocated the census 250 million dollars of its 2022 budget.[12] The census is planned to be completed in 2025 with an expected budget of US$153,700,453.[8]
French is generally the language of instruction in schools. English is taught as a compulsory foreign language in Secondary and High Schools around the country. It is a required subject in the Faculty of Economics at major universities around the country and there are numerous language schools in the country that teach it. Former President Kabila himself is fluent in both English and French, as was his father.
Religions
A survey conducted by the Demographic and Health Surveys program in 2013–2014 indicated that Christians constituted 93.7% of the population (Catholics 29.7%, Protestants 26.8%, and other Christians 37.2%). An indigenous religion, Kimbanguism, was practiced by 2.8% of the population, while Muslims make up 1.2%.[22]
Another estimate (by the Pew Research Center in 2010) found Christianity was followed by 95.8% of the population.[23]
The Joshua Project, a Christian missionary organisation, gives the following percentages: Roman Catholic 43.9%, Protestant 24.8%, Other Christian 23.7%, Muslim 1.6%, Non-religious 0.6%, Hindu 0.1% other syncretic sects and indigenous beliefs 5.3%.[25]
Other demographic statistics
These are some other demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2022.[26]
Note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and gender than would otherwise be expected (July 2017 est.)
Religions
Roman Catholic 29.9%, Protestant 26.7%, other Christian 36.5%, Kimbanguist 2.8%, Muslim 1.3%, other (includes syncretic sects and indigenous beliefs) 1.2%, none 1.3%, unspecified 0.2% (2014 est.)
5.56 children born/woman (2023 est.) Country comparison to the world: 3rd
5.63 children born/woman (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 3rd
5.7 children born/woman (2020 est.)
Population growth rate
3.14% (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 9th
2.33% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 31st
2.42% (2016)
Mother's mean age at first birth
19.9 years (2013/14 est.)
note: median age at first birth among women 25-29
Contraceptive prevalence rate
28.1% (2017/18)
20.4% (2013/14)
Net migration rate
-0.71 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 131st
-0.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 105th
-0.54 migrant(s)/1,000 population
note: fighting between the Congolese Government and Uganda- and Rwanda-backed Congolese rebels spawned a regional war in DRC in August 1998, which left 2.33 million Congolese internally displaced and caused 412,000 Congolese refugees to flee to surrounding countries (2011 est.)
Given the situation in the country and the condition of state structures, it is extremely difficult to obtain reliable data however evidence suggests that DRC continues to be a destination country for immigrants in spite of recent declines. Immigration is seen to be very diverse in nature, with refugees and asylum-seekers - products of the numerous and violent conflicts in the Great Lakes Region - constituting an important subset of the population in the country.[28]
Additionally, the country's large mine operations attract migrant workers from Africa and beyond and there is considerable migration for commercial activities from other African countries and the rest of the world, but these movements are not well studied. Transit migration towards South Africa and Europe also plays a role. Immigration in the DRC has decreased steadily over the past two decades, most likely as a result of the armed violence that the country has experienced.[28]
According to the International Organization for Migration, the number of immigrants in the DRC has declined from just over 1 million in 1960, to 754,000 in 1990, to 480,000 in 2005, to an estimated 445,000 in 2010. Valid figures are not available on migrant workers in particular, partly due to the predominance of the informal economy in the DRC. Data are also lacking on irregular immigrants, however given neighbouring country ethnic links to nationals of the DRC, irregular migration is assumed to be a significant phenomenon in the country.[28]
Figures on the number of Congolese nationals abroad vary greatly depending on the source, from 3 to 6 million. This discrepancy is due to a lack of official, reliable data. Emigrants from the DRC are above all long-term emigrants, the majority of which live within Africa and to a lesser extent in Europe; 79.7% and 15.3% respectively, according to estimates on 2000 data. Most Congolese emigrants however, remain in Africa, with new destination countries including South Africa and various points en route to Europe.[28]
In addition to being a host country, the DRC has also produced a considerable number of refugees and asylum-seekers located in the region and beyond. These numbers peaked in 2004 when, according to UNHCR, there were more than 460,000 refugees from the DRC; in 2008, Congolese refugees numbered 367,995 in total, 68% of which were living in other African countries.[28]
Religions
Roman Catholic (55.8%), Other Christian (39.1%), Folk religion (2.5%), Islam (2.1%), None (0.5%)
These are only estimates and do not account for Congolese migrants residing illegally in these and other countries. Among African countries, Congo's diaspora is second only to Nigeria in size.[citation needed]
^"Enquête Démographique et de Santé (EDS-RDC) 2013-2014"(PDF) (in French). Ministère du Plan et Suivi de la Mise en œuvre de la Révolution de la Modernité, Ministère de la Santé Publique. p. 36. Archived(PDF) from the original on 2015-03-17. Retrieved 20 April 2018.