| #
|
Crew
|
Launch
spacecraft
|
Habitation
|
Return
spacecraft
|
Brief mission summary
|
| 80
|
 Vladimir Kovalyonok (3)
Viktor Savinykh (1)
|
13 March 1981
Soyuz T-4
|
Salyut 6
|
26 May 1981
Soyuz T-4
|
|
| 81
|
Vladimir Dzhanibekov (2)
 Jügderdemidiin Gürragchaa
|
22 March 1981
Soyuz 39
|
Salyut 6
|
29 March 1981
Soyuz 39
|
First Mongolian in space (Gürragchaa).
|
| 82
|
 John W. Young (5)
Robert L. Crippen (1)
|
12 April 1981
STS-1, Columbia
|
14 April 1981
STS-1, Columbia
|
First Space Shuttle flight. Systems test.
|
| 83
|
Leonid Popov (2)
 Dumitru Prunariu
|
14 May 1981
Soyuz 40
|
Salyut 6
|
22 May 1981
Soyuz 40
|
First Romanian in space (Prunariu). Magnetic field observations. Final Soyuz flight.
|
| 84
|
Joseph H. Engle (1)
Richard H. Truly (1)
|
12 November 1981
STS-2, Columbia
|
14 November 1981
STS-2, Columbia
|
First re-use of a crewed orbital spacecraft. Systems test. Earth science observations.
|
| 85
|
Jack R. Lousma (2)
C. Gordon Fullerton (1)
|
22 March 1982
STS-3, Columbia
|
30 March 1982
STS-3, Columbia
|
Further system testing. Miscellaneous scientific experiments and Earth science observations.
|
| 86
|
Anatoli Berezovoy
Valentin Lebedev (2)
|
12 May 1982
Soyuz T-5
|
Salyut 7
|
10 December 1982
Soyuz T-7
|
First mission to Salyut 7. Deployment of radio communications satellite.
|
| 87
|
Vladimir Dzhanibekov (3)
Aleksandr Ivanchenkov (2)
 Jean-Loup Chrétien (1)
|
24 June 1982
Soyuz T-6
|
Salyut 7
|
2 July 1982
Soyuz T-6
|
First French citizen in space (Chrétien).
|
| 88
|
Thomas K. Mattingly (2)
Henry W. Hartsfield (1)
|
27 June 1982
STS-4, Columbia
|
4 July 1982
STS-4, Columbia
|
Final Space Shuttle R&D flight. Miscellaneous scientific experiments plus classified US Air Force payload.
|
| 89
|
Leonid Popov (3)
Aleksandr Serebrov (1)
Svetlana Savitskaya (1)
|
19 August 1982
Soyuz T-7
|
Salyut 7
|
27 August 1982
Soyuz T-5
|
Second woman in space (Savitskaya).
|
| 90
|
Vance D. Brand (2)
Robert F. Overmyer (1)
Joseph P. Allen (1)
William B. Lenoir
|
11 November 1982
STS-5, Columbia
|
16 November 1982
STS-5, Columbia
|
Launched commercial ANIK C-3 and SBS-C communications satellites. Planned EVA cancelled due to space suit malfunction.
|
| 91
|
Paul J. Weitz (2)
Karol J. Bobko (1)
Donald H. Peterson
F. Story Musgrave (1)
|
4 April 1983
STS-6, Challenger
|
9 April 1983
STS-6, Challenger
|
First Space Shuttle EVA (Peterson and Musgrave). Deployment of first Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS-1). Miscellaneous science experiments.
|
| 92
|
Vladimir Titov (1)
Gennadi Strekalov (2)
Aleksandr Serebrov (2)
|
20 April 1983
Soyuz T-8
|
22 April 1983
Soyuz T-8
|
Failed to dock with Salyut 7.
|
| 93
|
Robert L. Crippen (2)
Frederick H. Hauck (1)
John M. Fabian (1)
Sally K. Ride (1)
Norman E. Thagard (1)
|
18 June 1983
STS-7, Challenger
|
24 June 1983
STS-7, Challenger
|
Two communications satellites launched. First American woman in space (Ride). Investigation into behavior of ant colony in zero gravity. Various microgravity experiments.
|
| 94
|
Vladimir Lyakhov (2)
Aleksandr Aleksandrov (1)
|
26 June 1983
Soyuz T-9
|
Salyut 7
|
23 November 1983
Soyuz T-9
|
|
| 95
|
Richard H. Truly (2)
Daniel C. Brandenstein (1)
Dale A. Gardner (1)
Guion Bluford (1)
William E. Thornton (1)
|
30 August 1983
STS-8, Challenger
|
5 September 1983
STS-8, Challenger
|
First African-American in space (Bluford). First night launch and landing. Deployed INSAT-1B satellite for India. Observation of behavior of rats in space.
|
| —
|
Vladimir Titov
Gennady Strekalov
|
26 September 1983
Soyuz T-10-1
|
Launch failed due to fire. Crew ejected.
|
| 96
|
John W. Young (6)
Brewster H. Shaw (1)
Owen K. Garriott (2)
Robert A. Parker (1)
Byron K. Lichtenberg (1)
 Ulf Merbold (1)
|
28 November 1983
STS-9, Columbia
|
8 December 1983
STS-9, Columbia
|
First Spacelab (orbital laboratory) mission. First ESA astronaut, first West German astronaut and first non-American on US flight (Merbold).
|
| 97
|
Vance D. Brand (3)
Robert L. Gibson (1)
Bruce McCandless II (1)
Ronald E. McNair (1)
Robert L. Stewart (1)
|
3 February 1984
STS-41-B,
Challenger
|
11 February 1984
STS-41-B,
Challenger
|
First untethered spacewalk (McCandless and Stewart). WESTAR-VI and PALAPA-B2 satellites deployed but failed to attain correct orbits.
|
| 98
|
Leonid Kizim (2)
Vladimir Solovyov (1)
Oleg Atkov
|
4 February 1984
Soyuz T-10
|
Salyut 7
|
2 October 1984
Soyuz T-11
|
|
| 99
|
Yury Malyshev (2)
Gennadi Strekalov (3)
 Rakesh Sharma
|
3 April 1984
Soyuz T-11
|
Salyut 7
|
11 April 1984
Soyuz T-10
|
First Indian in space (Sharma). Earth observation program. Life sciences and materials processing experiments.
|
| 100
|
Robert L. Crippen (3)
Francis R. Scobee (1)
George D. Nelson (1)
James D. A. van Hoften (1)
Terry J. Hart
|
6 April 1984
STS-41-C,
Challenger
|
13 April 1984
STS-41-C,
Challenger
|
LDEF deployed for later retrieval. Capture, repair and redeployment of malfunctioning Solar Maximum Mission satellite.
|
| 101
|
Vladimir Dzhanibekov (4)
Igor Volk
Svetlana Savitskaya (2)
|
17 July 1984
Soyuz T-12
|
Salyut 7
|
29 July 1984
Soyuz T-12
|
First EVA by a female astronaut (Savitskaya).
|
| 102
|
Henry W. Hartsfield (2)
Michael L. Coats (1)
Judith A. Resnik (1)
Steven A. Hawley (1)
Richard M. Mullane (1)
Charles D. Walker (1)
|
30 August 1984
STS-41-D,
Discovery
|
5 September 1984
STS-41-D,
Discovery
|
Testing of experimental solar arrays. Three satellites deployed.
|
| 103
|
Robert L. Crippen (4)
Jon A. McBride (1)
Kathryn D. Sullivan (1)
Sally K. Ride (2)
David C. Leestma (1)
 Marc Garneau (1)
Paul D. Scully-Power
|
5 October 1984
STS-41-G,
Challenger
|
13 October 1984
STS-41-G,
Challenger
|
ERBS satellite deployed. Radar imaging. First EVA by an American woman (Sullivan). First Canadian in space (Garneau). First flight including two women.
|
| 104
|
Frederick H. Hauck (2)
David M. Walker (1)
Anna L. Fisher
Dale A. Gardner (2)
Joseph P. Allen (2)
|
8 November 1984
STS-51-A,
Discovery
|
16 November 1984
STS-51-A,
Discovery
|
Deployed two communications satellites. Retrieved two malfunctioning satellites.
|
| 105
|
Thomas K. Mattingly (3)
Loren J. Shriver (1)
Ellison S. Onizuka (1)
James F. Buchli (1)
Gary E. Payton
|
24 January 1985
STS-51-C,
Discovery
|
27 January 1985
STS-51-C,
Discovery
|
First mission for the U.S. Department of Defense. Classified payload, possibly intelligence-gathering satellite.
|
| 106
|
Karol J. Bobko (2)
Donald E. Williams (1)
M. Rhea Seddon (1)
Jeffrey A. Hoffman (1)
S. David Griggs
Charles D. Walker (2)
E. Jake Garn
|
12 April 1985
STS-51-D,
Discovery
|
19 April 1985
STS-51-D,
Discovery
|
Communications satellite deployed. Miscellaneous scientific experiments. First sitting member of U.S. Congress in space (Garn).
|
| 107
|
Robert F. Overmyer (2)
Frederick D. Gregory (1)
Don L. Lind
Norman E. Thagard (2)
William E. Thornton (2)
Lodewijk van den Berg
Taylor G. Wang
|
29 April 1985
STS-51-B,
Challenger
|
6 May 1985
STS-51-B,
Challenger
|
Second Spacelab mission; microgravity experiments. Observation of behaviour of monkeys and rodents in space.
|
| 108
|
Vladimir Dzhanibekov (5)
|
5 June 1985
Soyuz T-13
|
Salyut 7
|
26 September 1985
Soyuz T-13
|
Repair of crippled Salyut 7 station.
|
| Viktor Savinykh (2)
|
21 November 1985
Soyuz T-14
|
| 109
|
Daniel C. Brandenstein (2)
John O. Creighton (1)
Shannon W. Lucid (1)
Steven R. Nagel (1)
John M. Fabian (2)
Patrick Baudry
 Sultan Salman Al Saud
|
17 June 1985
STS-51-G,
Discovery
|
24 June 1985
STS-51-G,
Discovery
|
Three communications satellites deployed. Miscellaneous scientific experiments. First Saudi and the first Arab in space (Al-Saud).
|
| 110
|
C. Gordon Fullerton (2)
Roy D. Bridges
F. Story Musgrave (2)
Anthony W. England
Karl G. Henize
Loren W. Acton
John-David F. Bartoe
|
29 July 1985
STS-51-F,
Challenger
|
6 August 1985
STS-51-F,
Challenger
|
Spacelab-2 mission. Miscellaneous science experiments. Three communications satellites deployed.
|
| 111
|
Joseph H. Engle (2)
Richard O. Covey (1)
James D.A. van Hoften (2)
John M. Lounge (1)
William F. Fisher
|
27 August 1985
STS-51-I,
Discovery
|
3 September 1985
STS-51-I,
Discovery
|
Three communications satellites deployed. Retrieval, repair and redeployment of LEASAT-3 satellite.
|
| 112
|
Vladimir Vasyutin
Aleksandr Volkov (1)
|
17 September 1985
Soyuz T-14
|
Salyut 7
|
21 November 1985
Soyuz T-14
|
|
| Georgi Grechko (3)
|
26 September 1985
Soyuz T-13
|
| 113
|
Karol J. Bobko (3)
Ronald J. Grabe (1)
David C. Hilmers (1)
Robert L. Stewart (2)
William A. Pailes
|
3 October 1985
STS-51-J,
Atlantis
|
7 October 1985
STS-51-J,
Atlantis
|
Second U.S. Department of Defense mission. Classified payload, believed to be two communications satellites.
|
| 114
|
Henry W. Hartsfield (3)
Steven R. Nagel (2)
James F. Buchli (2)
Guion Bluford (2)
Bonnie J. Dunbar (1)
Reinhard Furrer
Ernst Messerschmid
 Wubbo J. Ockels
|
30 October 1985
STS-61-A,
Challenger
|
6 November 1985
STS-61-A,
Challenger
|
German-sponsored Spacelab mission. Microgravity experiments. First Dutchman in space (Ockels).
|
| 115
|
Brewster H. Shaw (2)
Bryan D. O'Connor (1)
Mary L. Cleave (1)
Sherwood C. Spring
Jerry L. Ross (1)
 Rodolfo Neri Vela
Charles D. Walker (3)
|
26 November 1985
STS-61-B,
Atlantis
|
3 December 1985
STS-61-B,
Atlantis
|
Three communications satellites deployed. Demonstration of in-orbit construction techniques. First Mexican in space (Neri Vela).
|
| 116
|
Robert L. Gibson (2)
Charles F. Bolden (1)
Franklin R. Chang-Diaz (1)
Steven A. Hawley (2)
George D. Nelson (2)
Robert J. Cenker
Clarence W. Nelson
|
12 January 1986
STS-61-C,
Columbia
|
18 January 1986
STS-61-C,
Columbia
|
Deployment of communications satellite. Miscellaneous science experiments.
|
| —
|
Francis R. Scobee (2)
Michael J. Smith
Judith A. Resnik (2)
Ellison S. Onizuka (2)
Ronald E. McNair (2)
Gregory B. Jarvis
S. Christa McAuliffe
|
28 January 1986
STS-51-L, Challenger
|
Disintegrated 73 seconds after launch with loss of all crew.
|
| 117
|
Leonid Kizim (3)
Vladimir Solovyov (2)
|
13 March 1986
Soyuz T-15
|
Mir
Salyut 7
Mir
|
16 July 1986
Soyuz T-15
|
First expedition to Mir. Last expedition to Salyut 7.
|
| 118
|
Alexander Laveykin
|
7 February 1987
Soyuz TM-2
|
Mir
|
30 July 1987
Soyuz TM-2
|
Mir crew rotation and maintenance.
|
| Yuri Romanenko (3)
|
29 December 1987
Soyuz TM-3
|
| 119
|
Aleksandr Viktorenko (1)
 Mohammed Faris
|
22 July 1987
Soyuz TM-3
|
Mir
|
30 July 1987
Soyuz TM-2
|
Mir crew rotation. First Syrian in space (Faris).
|
| Aleksandr Aleksandrov (2)
|
29 December 1987
Soyuz TM-3
|
| 120
|
Anatoli Levchenko
|
21 December 1987
Soyuz TM-4
|
Mir
|
29 December 1987
Soyuz TM-3
|
Mir crew rotation. Biological experiments and astronomical observations.
|
Vladimir Titov (2)
Musa Manarov (1)
|
21 December 1988
Soyuz TM-6
|
| 121
|
Anatoly Solovyev (1)
Victor Savinykh (3)
 Aleksandr Aleksandrov
|
7 June 1988
Soyuz TM-5
|
Mir
|
17 June 1988
Soyuz TM-4
|
|
| 122
|
Vladimir Lyakhov (3)
 Abdul Ahad Mohmand
|
29 August 1988
Soyuz TM-6
|
Mir
|
7 September 1988
Soyuz TM-5
|
Mir crew rotation. First Afghan in space (Mohmand).
|
| Valeri Polyakov (1)
|
27 April 1989
Soyuz TM-7
|
| 123
|
Frederick H. Hauck (3)
Richard O. Covey (2)
John M. Lounge (2)
George D. Nelson (3)
David C. Hilmers (2)
|
28 September 1988
STS-26, Discovery
|
3 October 1988
STS-26, Discovery
|
First "Return to Flight" Space Shuttle mission after Challenger disaster. Deployment of Tracking and Data Relay Satellite-3 (TDRS-3).
|
| 124
|
Aleksandr Volkov (2)
Sergei Krikalev (1)
|
26 November 1988
Soyuz TM-7
|
Mir
|
27 April 1989
Soyuz TM-7
|
Mir crew rotation. Technology experiments. First European EVA (Chrétien).
|
| Jean-Loup Chrétien (2)
|
21 December 1988
Soyuz TM-6
|
| 125
|
Robert L. Gibson (3)
Guy S. Gardner (1)
Richard M. Mullane (2)
Jerry L. Ross (2)
William M. Shepherd (1)
|
2 December 1988
STS-27, Atlantis
|
6 December 1988
STS-27, Atlantis
|
U.S. Department of Defense mission. Classified payload, reportedly Lacrosse 1 radar reconnaissance satellite.
|
| 126
|
Michael L. Coats (2)
John E. Blaha (1)
James P. Bagian (1)
James F. Buchli (3)
Robert C. Springer (1)
|
13 March 1989
STS-29, Discovery
|
18 March 1989
STS-29, Discovery
|
Deployment of Tracking and Data Relay Satellite-4 (TDRS-4). Miscellaneous science experiments.
|
| 127
|
David M. Walker (2)
Ronald J. Grabe (2)
Norman E. Thagard (3)
Mary L. Cleave (2)
Mark C. Lee (1)
|
4 May 1989
STS-30, Atlantis
|
8 May 1989
STS-30, Atlantis
|
Magellan probe deployed.
|
| 128
|
Brewster H. Shaw (3)
Richard N. Richards (1)
James C. Adamson (1)
David C. Leestma (2)
Mark N. Brown (1)
|
8 August 1989
STS-28, Columbia
|
13 August 1989
STS-28, Columbia
|
U.S. Department of Defense mission. Classified payload, reportedly military communications and reconnaissance satellites.
|
| 129
|
Alexander Viktorenko (2)
Aleksandr Serebrov (3)
|
5 September 1989
Soyuz TM-8
|
Mir
|
19 February 1990
Soyuz TM-8
|
Mir equipment installation.
|
| 130
|
Donald E. Williams (2)
Michael J. McCulley
Franklin R. Chang-Diaz (2)
Shannon W. Lucid (2)
Ellen S. Baker (1)
|
18 October 1989
STS-34, Atlantis
|
23 October 1989
STS-34, Atlantis
|
Galileo probe deployed.
|
| 131
|
Frederick D. Gregory (2)
John E. Blaha (2)
F. Story Musgrave (3)
Manley L. Carter
Kathryn C. Thornton (1)
|
22 November 1989
STS-33, Discovery
|
27 November 1989
STS-33, Discovery
|
U.S. Department of Defense mission. Classified payload, reportedly reconnaissance satellite. First African-American Shuttle Commander.
|
| 132
|
Daniel C. Brandenstein (3)
James D. Wetherbee (1)
Bonnie J. Dunbar (2)
G. David Low (1)
Marsha S. Ivins (1)
|
9 January 1990
STS-32, Columbia
|
20 January 1990
STS-32, Columbia
|
Deployment of defense communications satellite. Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) retrieval.
|
| 133
|
Anatoly Solovyev (2)
Alexander Balandin
|
11 February 1990
Soyuz TM-9
|
Mir
|
17 July 1990
Soyuz TM-9
|
|
| 134
|
John O. Creighton (2)
John H. Casper (1)
Richard M. Mullane (3)
David C. Hilmers (3)
Pierre J. Thuot (1)
|
28 February 1990
STS-36, Atlantis
|
4 March 1990
STS-36, Atlantis
|
U.S. Department of Defense mission. Classified payload, reportedly reconnaissance satellite.
|
| 135
|
Loren J. Shriver (2)
Charles F. Bolden (2)
Steven A. Hawley (3)
Bruce McCandless II (2)
Kathryn D. Sullivan (2)
|
24 April 1990
STS-31, Discovery
|
29 April 1990
STS-31, Discovery
|
Hubble Space Telescope deployed.
|
| 136
|
Gennadi Strekalov (4)
Gennadi Manakov (1)
|
3 August 1990
Soyuz TM-10
|
Mir
|
10 December 1990
Soyuz TM-10
|
|
| 137
|
Richard N. Richards (2)
Robert D. Cabana (1)
William M. Shepherd (2)
Bruce E. Melnick (1)
Thomas D. Akers (1)
|
6 October 1990
STS-41, Discovery
|
10 October 1990
STS-41, Discovery
|
Ulysses probe deployed. Miscellaneous science experiments.
|
| 138
|
Richard O. Covey (3)
Frank L. Culbertson (1)
Robert C. Springer (2)
Carl J. Meade (1)
Charles D. Gemar (1)
|
15 November 1990
STS-38, Atlantis
|
20 November 1990
STS-38, Atlantis
|
U.S. Department of Defense mission. Classified payload, reportedly reconnaissance satellite.
|
| 139
|
Vance D. Brand (4)
Guy S. Gardner (2)
Jeffrey A. Hoffman (2)
John M. Lounge (3)
Robert A. Parker (2)
Samuel T. Durrance (1)
Ronald A. Parise (1)
|
2 December 1990
STS-35, Columbia
|
10 December 1990
STS-35, Columbia
|
Ultraviolet and X-ray astronomy (ASTRO-1 observatory).
|
| 140
|
Viktor Afanasyev (1)
Musa Manarov (2)
|
2 December 1990
Soyuz TM-11
|
Mir
|
26 May 1991
Soyuz TM-11
|
Mir crew rotation. First Japanese in space (Akiyama).
|
 Toyohiro Akiyama
|
10 December 1990
Soyuz TM-10
|
