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Russia at the Olympics

Russia at the
Olympics
IOC codeRUS
NOCRussian Olympic Committee
Websitewww.olympic.ru/en 
Medals
Ranked 11th
Gold
193
Silver
164
Bronze
185
Total
542
Summer appearances
Winter appearances
Other related appearances
 Russian Empire (1900–1912)
 Soviet Union (1952–1988)
 Unified Team (1992)
 Olympic Athletes from Russia (2018)
 ROC (2020–2022)
 Individual Neutral Athletes (2024)

Russia, referred to by its formal name; the Russian Federation, by the International Olympic Committee, has competed at the modern Olympic Games on many occasions, but as different nations in its history. As the Russian Empire, the nation first competed at the 1900 Games, and returned again in 1908 and 1912. After the Russian revolution in 1917, and the subsequent establishment of the Soviet Union in 1922, it would be thirty years until Russian athletes once again competed at the Olympics, as the Soviet Union at the 1952 Summer Olympics. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Russia competed as part of the Unified Team in 1992, and finally returned once again as Russia at the 1994 Winter Olympics.

The Russian Olympic Committee was created in 1991 and recognized in 1993. The Soviet Union hosted the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, and the Russian Federation hosted the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.

In twelve appearances from 1994 to 2016, Russian athletes won a total of 422 medals at the Summer Olympic Games and another 120 at the Winter Olympic Games. Russia's 542 total medals, including 193 gold medals, are second behind only the United States in that timespan.

In 2017, Russia was suspended from competing at the Olympic Games due to the state-sponsored doping scandal. Russian athletes were allowed to participate in the 2018 Winter Olympics as the Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR). They were also allowed to compete at the 2020 Summer Olympics and the 2022 Winter Olympics, representing the Russian Olympic Committee.[1]

Amid the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the International Olympic Committee allowed Russian and Belarusian athletes to participate at the 2024 Summer Olympics as Individual Neutral Athletes.[2]

Hosted Games

Russia has hosted the Games on two occasions. Moscow was the host of the 1980 Summer Games, when Russia (Russian SFSR) was part of the Soviet Union. Sochi was the host of the 2014 Winter Games, as part of the Russian Federation.

Games Host city Dates Nations Participants Events
1980 Summer Olympics Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union 19 July–3 August 80 5,179 203
2014 Winter Olympics Sochi, Krasnodar Krai, Russian Federation 7–23 February 88 2,873 98

Participation

Timeline of participation

Date Team
1900–1912  Russian Empire (RU1)
1920  Estonia (EST)
1924–1936  Latvia (LAT),  Lithuania (LTU)
1952–1988  Soviet Union (URS)
1992  Estonia (EST),  Latvia (LAT),  Lithuania (LTU)  Unified Team (EUN)
1994  Russia (RUS)  Belarus (BLR)  Armenia (ARM),  Georgia (GEO),  Kazakhstan (KAZ),  Kyrgyzstan (KGZ),  Moldova (MDA),  Ukraine (UKR),  Uzbekistan (UZB)
1996–2016  Azerbaijan (AZE),  Tajikistan (TJK),  Turkmenistan (TKM)
2018  Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR)
2020–2022 Russian Olympic Committee (ROC)
2024  Individual Neutral Athletes (AIN)

Combined medals

The Russian Federation, the Russian Empire, the Olympic Athletes from Russia and the Russian Olympic Committee (ROC) are sometimes combined outside of IOC sources. The Soviet Union is often combined with the post-union team that competed in 1992.[3][4][5] Some sources combine the Soviet Union and Russia, despite the fact that many republics which subsequently gained or re-gained independence (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan) contributed to the medal tally of the USSR, and there are sources that combine all medals of RU1, URS, EUN, OAR, ROC and RUS.[6][7] On 31 January 1992, the United Nations recognized, without objection, Russia as legal successor of the rights and obligations of the former Soviet Union,[8] but this has no significance in medal tallies.

Neutral Russian athletes that competed as AIN at the 2024 Summer Olympics are also included in the table.

Medal counts:
Russia combined with precursors
status after the 2024 Olympics

Summer Games Winter Games Combined total
Team (IOC code)

No.

1st place, gold medalist(s)

2nd place, silver medalist(s)

3rd place, bronze medalist(s)

Total

No.

1st place, gold medalist(s)

2nd place, silver medalist(s)

3rd place, bronze medalist(s)

Total

No.

1st place, gold medalist(s)

2nd place, silver medalist(s)

3rd place, bronze medalist(s)

Total

 Russia (RUS) 6 147 125 150 422 6 46 39 35 120 12 193 164 185 542
 Russian Empire (RU1) 3 1 4 3 8 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 4 3 8
 Soviet Union (URS) 9 395 319 296 1010 9 78 57 59 194 18 473 376 355 1204
 Unified Team (EUN) 1 45 38 29 112 1 9 6 8 23 2 54 44 37 135
 Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR) 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 6 9 17 1 2 6 9 17
Russian Olympic Committee (ROC) 1 20 28 23 71 1 5 12 15 32 2 25 40 38 103
 Individual Neutral Athletes (AIN) 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1
Total 21 608 515 501 1624 18 140 120 126 386 39 748 635 627 2010

Medal tables

See also: All-time Olympic Games medal table
*Purple border colour indicates tournament was held on home soil.

Notes

  • On 9 February 2014, Russia captured the inaugural gold medal in the team figure skating event at the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics.[9] Yulia Lipnitskaya, at 15, becomes the youngest Russian Winter Olympic medalist.[citation needed]
  • On 10 February 2014, Viktor Ahn won the first short track speedskating medal for Russia competing as Russia. He won the bronze medal in the 1500m short track speedskating event at the 2014 Sochi winter Olympics.[10]
  • On 15 February 2014, Ahn won the second Russian gold medal in the 1000m short track speedskating event, leading the first Russian 1–2 finish in short track, with Vladimir Grigorev winning silver. At 31 years and 191 days, Grigorev also became the oldest man to win a short track Olympic medal.[11]
  • On 20 February 2014, Adelina Sotnikova won the first ever Russian ladies figure skating gold medal.

Stripped Olympic medals

See also: List of stripped Olympic medals and Doping in Russia

Due to doping violations, Russia has been stripped of 46 Olympic medals – the most of any country, four times the number of the runner-up, and 30% of the global total. It was the leading country in terms of the number of medals removed due to doping at the 2002 Winter Olympics (5 medals), the 2006 Winter Olympics (1 medal), the 2008 Summer Olympics (14 medals), the 2012 Summer Olympics (17 medals), 2014 Winter Olympics (4 medals — 10 others were stripped and returned) and the joint most at the 2004 Summer Olympics (3 medals), the 2016 Summer Olympics (1 medal), and the 2022 Winter Olympics (1 medal).

Olympics Athlete Medal Event Ref
2002 Winter Olympics Olga Danilova Gold Cross-country skiing, women's 5 km + 5 km combined pursuit [12]
Silver Cross-country skiing, women's 10 km classical [12]
Larisa Lazutina Gold Cross-country skiing, women's 30 km classical [12][13]
Silver Cross-country skiing, women's 15 km freestyle [14]
Silver Cross-country skiing, women's 5 km + 5 km combined pursuit [14]
2004 Summer Olympics Irina Korzhanenko Gold Athletics, women's shot put [15]
Svetlana Krivelyova Bronze Athletics, women's shot put [16]
Oleg Perepetchenov Bronze Weightlifting, men's 77 kg [17]
2006 Winter Olympics Olga Pyleva Silver Biathlon, women's individual [18]
2008 Summer Olympics Relay team (Yuliya Chermoshanskaya) Gold Athletics, women's 4 × 100 m relay [19]
Relay team
(Anastasiya Kapachinskaya, Tatyana Firova) 		Silver Athletics, women's 4 × 400 m relay [21]
Maria Abakumova Silver Athletics, women's javelin throw [22]
Relay team (Denis Alexeev) Bronze Athletics, men's 4 × 400 m relay [22]
Yekaterina Volkova Bronze Athletics, women's 3000 m steeplechase [24]
Anna Chicherova Bronze Athletics, women's high jump [26]
Khadzhimurat Akkayev Bronze Weightlifting, men's 94 kg [27]
Dmitry Lapikov Bronze Weightlifting, men's 105 kg [27]
Marina Shainova Silver Weightlifting, women's 58 kg [21]
Nadezhda Evstyukhina Bronze Weightlifting, women's 75 kg [21]
Khasan Baroyev Silver Wrestling, men's Greco-Roman 120 kg [27]
Tatyana Lebedeva Silver Athletics, women's triple jump [28]
Tatyana Lebedeva Silver Athletics, women's long jump [28]
Tatyana Chernova Bronze Athletics, Women's heptathlon [29]
2012 Summer Olympics Tatyana Lysenko Gold Athletics, women's hammer throw [30]
Yuliya Zaripova Gold Athletics, women's 3000 m steeplechase [31][32]
Sergey Kirdyapkin Gold Athletics, men's 50 km walk [33]
Tatyana Chernova Bronze Athletics, women's heptathlon [34]
Darya Pishchalnikova Silver Athletics, women's discus throw [35]
Yevgeniya Kolodko Silver Athletics, women's shot put [36]
Olga Kaniskina Silver Athletics, women's 20 km walk [37]
Apti Aukhadov Silver Weightlifting, men's 85 kg [38]
Aleksandr Ivanov Silver Weightlifting, men's 94 kg [32]
Natalia Zabolotnaya Silver Weightlifting, women's 75 kg [32]
Svetlana Tsarukayeva Silver Weightlifting, women's 63 kg
Relay (Antonina Krivoshapka, Yulia Gushchina, Tatyana Firova, Natalya Antyukh) Silver Athletics, women's 4 × 400 m relay [39][40]
Mariya Savinova Gold Athletics, women's 800 m
Natalya Antyukh Gold Athletics, women's 400 m hurdles [41]
Ruslan Albegov Bronze Weightlifting, Men's +105 kg [42]
2014 Winter Olympics Alexandr Zubkov, Alexey Voyevoda Gold Bobsleigh, Two-man [43][44]
Alexandr Zubkov, Alexey Negodaylo, Dmitry Trunenkov and Alexey Voyevoda Gold Bobsleigh, Four-man [43][45][46]

[44]

Relay team (Olga Vilukhina, Yana Romanova, Olga Zaitseva) Silver Biathlon, Women's relay
2016 Summer Olympics Mikhail Aloyan Silver Boxing, men's flyweight [47]
2022 Winter Olympics Team event (Mark Kondratiuk, Kamila Valieva, Anastasia Mishina, Aleksandr Galliamov, Victoria Sinitsina, Nikita Katsalapov) Gold → Bronze Figure Skating, Team event [48]

2016–present partial ban

Main articles: Doping in Russia and Concerns and controversies at the 2024 Summer Olympics § Participation of Russian and Belarusian athletes

Russia was partially banned from participation at the 2016 Summer Olympics due to the state-sponsored doping scandal. Russian athletes were then allowed to participate in the 2018 Winter Olympics as the Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR), and in both the 2020 Summer Olympics and the 2022 Winter Olympics as the Russian Olympic Committee athletes (ROC).[49][50]

Amid the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced in January 2023 plans to have Russian athletes introduced as neutrals at the 2024 Summer Olympics.[2][51] The IOC also published a statement stating that it supported the return of Russian athletes, as long as they did not "actively" advocate for the war and as long as their flag, anthem, colors, and organizations were excluded (thus preventing them from competing under the Russian Olympic Committee as in 2020 and 2022).[52]

Flag bearers

Main article: List of flag bearers for Russia at the Olympics

See also

References

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  8. ^ Letter to the Secretary-General of the United Nations from the President of the Russian Federation, 24 December 1991
  9. ^ Alice Park (20 February 2014). "Russia Has Its First Ladies Figure Skating Gold Medalist, But It's Not Lipnitskaya". Time. Archived from the original on February 20, 2014.
  10. ^ Mark Zeigler (10 February 2014). "Viktor Ahn: For Russia, with love". U-T San Diego.
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  13. ^ "Drugs test denies Lazutina gold". BBC News. February 24, 2002.
  14. ^ a b "Lazutina loses Olympic medals". BBC News. June 29, 2003.
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