Ulmus americana 'Independence'

The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Independence' was raised by Eugene B. Smalley and Donald T. Lester at the University of Wisconsin–Madison from a crossing of the American Elm cultivar Moline and American Elm clone W-185-21, to become one of the six clones forming the American Liberty series, and the only one to be patented (U. S. Plant Patent 6227, 1988).^[1]

Almost identical to the species.

No specific information available, but the species as a whole is highly susceptible to Dutch Elm Disease and Elm Yellows; it is also moderately preferred for feeding and reproduction by the adult Elm Leaf Beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola,^[2] and highly preferred for feeding by the Japanese Beetle Popillia japonica ^[3][4] in the United States. U. americana is also the most susceptible of all the elms to verticillium wilt.^[5][6]

The tree is not known to be in cultivation beyond North America.

• U S National Arboretum [1]^{[permanent dead link‍]}, Washington, D.C., United States. Acc. no. 62001

• http://www.extension.iastate.edu/Publications/SUL4.pdf Summary, inc. photographs, of elms resistant to Dutch elm disease.