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Disacarid

Los disacarids son un tipe de glucid, formats de l'union de dos monosacarids identics o distints mejançant un ligam glucosidic, monocarbonilic o dicarbonilic, que pòt en mai èsser α o β en foncion del -OH emiacetal. Los disacarids mai comuns son:

sacaròsa: formada de l'union d'una glucòsa e una fructòsa. La sacaròsa es lo sucre comun.
lactòsa: formada de l'union d'una glucòsa e una galactòsa. Es lo sucre del lach.
maltòsa, isomaltòsa, trealòsa, celobiòsa: formadas totas de l'union de doas glucòsas, son diferentas en dependent de l'union entre las glucòsas.

La formula empirica dels disacarids es C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁. Los ligams covalents entre dos monosacarids provòcan l'eliminacion d'un atòm d'idrogèn d'un dels monosacarids e d'un grop idroxil de l'autre monosacarid. Dins la mucosa del tube digestiu de l'òme existisson d'enzims sonats disacaridasas, qu'idrolisan lo ligam glucosidic per l'absorcion intestinala.

Portau de la bioquimia

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