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List of EC numbers (EC 6)

This list contains a list of EC numbers for the sixth group, EC 6, ligases, placed in numerical order as determined by the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. All official information is tabulated at the website of the committee.^[1] The database is developed and maintained by Andrew McDonald.^[2]

EC 6.1: Forming Carbon-Oxygen Bonds

EC 6.1.1: Ligases Forming Aminoacyl-tRNA and Related Compounds (Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase)

EC 6.1.1.1: tyrosine—tRNA ligase
EC 6.1.1.2: tryptophan—tRNA ligase
EC 6.1.1.3: threonine—tRNA ligase
EC 6.1.1.4: leucine—tRNA ligase
EC 6.1.1.5: isoleucine—tRNA ligase
EC 6.1.1.6: lysine—tRNA ligase
EC 6.1.1.7: alanine—tRNA ligase
EC 6.1.1.8: Deleted
EC 6.1.1.9: valine—tRNA ligase
EC 6.1.1.10: methionine—tRNA ligase
EC 6.1.1.11: serine—tRNA ligase
EC 6.1.1.12: aspartate—tRNA ligase
EC 6.1.1.13: D-alanine—poly(phosphoribitol) ligase
EC 6.1.1.14: glycine—tRNA ligase
EC 6.1.1.15: proline—tRNA ligase
EC 6.1.1.16: cysteine—tRNA ligase
EC 6.1.1.17: glutamate—tRNA ligase
EC 6.1.1.18: glutamine—tRNA ligase
EC 6.1.1.19: arginine—tRNA ligase
EC 6.1.1.20: phenylalanine—tRNA ligase
EC 6.1.1.21: histidine—tRNA ligase
EC 6.1.1.22: asparagine—tRNA ligase
EC 6.1.1.23: aspartate—tRNA^Asn ligase
EC 6.1.1.24: glutamate—tRNA^Gln ligase
EC 6.1.1.25: The tRNA^Pyl is now known only to be charged with pyrrolysine (cf. EC 6.1.1.26)
EC 6.1.1.26: pyrrolysine—tRNA^Pyl ligase
EC 6.1.1.27: O-phospho-L-serine—tRNA ligase
EC 6.1.1.28: proline/cysteine—tRNA ligase. Later published work having demonstrated that this was not a genuine enzyme, EC 6.1.1.28 was withdrawn at the public-review stage before being made official

EC 6.1.2: Acid—alcohol ligases (ester synthases)

EC 6.1.2.1: D-alanine—(R)-lactate ligase
EC 6.1.2.2: nebramycin 5′ synthase *

* No Wikipedia article

EC 6.1.3: Cyclo-ligases

EC 6.1.3.1: olefin β-lactone synthetase *

* No Wikipedia article

EC 6.2: Forming Carbon-Sulfur Bonds

EC 6.2.1: Acid-Thiol Ligases

EC 6.2.1.1: acetate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.2: medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.3: long-chain-fatty-acid—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.4: succinate—CoA ligase (GDP-forming)
EC 6.2.1.5: succinate—CoA ligase (ADP-forming)
EC 6.2.1.6: glutarate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.7: cholate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.8: oxalate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.9: malate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.10: carboxylic acid—CoA ligase (GDP-forming)
EC 6.2.1.11: biotin—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.12: 4-coumarate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.13: acetate—CoA ligase (ADP-forming)
EC 6.2.1.14: 6-carboxyhexanoate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.15: arachidonate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.16: acetoacetate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.17: propionate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.18: citrate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.19: long-chain-fatty-acid—protein ligase
EC 6.2.1.20: long-chain-fatty-acid—[acyl-carrier-protein] ligase
EC 6.2.1.21: Activity covered by EC 6.2.1.30, phenylacetate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.22: [citrate (pro-3S)-lyase] ligase
EC 6.2.1.23: dicarboxylate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.24: phytanate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.25: benzoate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.26: o-succinylbenzoate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.27: 4-hydroxybenzoate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.28: 3α,7α-dihydroxy-5β-cholestanate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.29: Deleted, identical to EC 6.2.1.7, cholate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.30: phenylacetate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.31: 2-furoate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.32: anthranilate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.33: 4-chlorobenzoate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.34: trans-feruloyl-CoA synthase
EC 6.2.1.35: acetate—[acyl-carrier protein] ligase
EC 6.2.1.36: 3-hydroxypropionyl-CoA synthase
EC 6.2.1.37: 3-hydroxybenzoate—CoA ligase
EC 6.2.1.38: (2,2,3-trimethyl-5-oxocyclopent-3-enyl)acetyl-CoA synthase
EC 6.2.1.39: [butirosin acyl-carrier protein]—L-glutamate ligase
EC 6.2.1.40: 4-hydroxybutyrate—CoA ligase (AMP-forming) *
EC 6.2.1.41: 3-[(3aS,4S,7aS)-7a-methyl-1,5-dioxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]propanoate—CoA ligase *
EC 6.2.1.42: 3-oxocholest-4-en-26-oate—CoA ligase *
EC 6.2.1.43: 2-hydroxy-7-methoxy-5-methyl-1-naphthoate—CoA ligase *
EC 6.2.1.44: 3-(methylthio)propionyl—CoA ligase *
EC 6.2.1.45: E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme *
EC 6.2.1.46: L-allo-isoleucine—holo-[CmaA peptidyl-carrier protein] ligase *
EC 6.2.1.47: medium-chain-fatty-acid—[acyl-carrier-protein] ligase *
EC 6.2.1.48: carnitine—CoA ligase *
EC 6.2.1.49: long-chain fatty acid adenylyltransferase FadD28 *
EC 6.2.1.50: 4-hydroxybenzoate adenylyltransferase FadD22 *
EC 6.2.1.51: 4-hydroxyphenylalkanoate adenylyltransferase FadD29 *
EC 6.2.1.52: L-firefly luciferin—CoA ligase *
EC 6.2.1.53: L-proline—[L-prolyl-carrier protein] ligase *
EC 6.2.1.54: D-alanine—[D-alanyl-carrier protein] ligase *
EC 6.2.1.55: E1 SAMP-activating enzyme *
EC 6.2.1.56: 4-hydroxybutyrate—CoA ligase (ADP-forming) *
EC 6.2.1.57: long-chain fatty acid adenylase/transferase FadD23 *
EC 6.2.1.58: isophthalate—CoA ligase *
EC 6.2.1.59: long-chain fatty acid adenylase/transferase FadD26 *
EC 6.2.1.60: marinolic acid—CoA ligase *
EC 6.2.1.61: salicylate—[aryl-carrier protein] ligase *
EC 6.2.1.62: 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate—[aryl-carrier protein] ligase *
EC 6.2.1.63: L-arginine—[L-arginyl-carrier protein] ligase *
EC 6.2.1.64: E1 NEDD8-activating enzyme *
EC 6.2.1.65: salicylate—CoA ligase *
EC 6.2.1.66: glyine—[glycyl-carrier protein] ligase *
EC 6.2.1.67: L-alanine—[L-alanyl-carrier protein] ligase *
EC 6.2.1.68: L-glutamate—[L-glutamyl-carrier protein] ligase *
EC 6.2.1.69: L-cysteine—[L-cysteinyl-carrier protein] ligase *
EC 6.2.1.70: L-threonine—[L-threonyl-carrier protein] ligase *
EC 6.2.1.71: 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate—[aryl-carrier protein] ligase *
EC 6.2.1.72: L-serine—[L-seryl-carrier protein] ligase *
EC 6.2.1.73: L-tryptophan—[L-tryptophyl-carrier protein] ligase *
EC 6.2.1.74: 3-amino-5-hydroxybenzoate—[acyl-carrier protein] ligase *

+ EC 6.2.1.75: indoleacetate—CoA ligase

* No Wikipedia article

EC 6.2.2: Amide—thiol ligases

EC 6.2.2.1: thioglycine synthase *
EC 6.2.2.2: oxazoline synthase *
EC 6.2.2.3: thiazoline synthase *

* No Wikipedia article

EC 6.3: Forming Carbon-Nitrogen Bonds

EC 6.3.1: Acid—Ammonia (or Amine) Ligases (Amide Synthases)

EC 6.3.1.1: aspartate—ammonia ligase
EC 6.3.1.2: glutamine synthetase
EC 6.3.1.3: Now EC 6.3.4.13, phosphoribosylamine—glycine ligase
EC 6.3.1.4: aspartate—ammonia ligase (ADP-forming)
EC 6.3.1.5: NAD⁺ synthase
EC 6.3.1.6: glutamate—ethylamine ligase
EC 6.3.1.7: 4-methyleneglutamate—ammonia ligase
EC 6.3.1.8: glutathionylspermidine synthase
EC 6.3.1.9: trypanothione synthase
EC 6.3.1.10: adenosylcobinamide-phosphate synthase
EC 6.3.1.11: glutamate—putrescine ligase
EC 6.3.1.12: D-aspartate ligase
EC 6.3.1.13: L-cysteine:1D-myo-inositol 2-amino-2-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranoside ligase
EC 6.3.1.14: diphthine—ammonia ligase
EC 6.3.1.15: 8-demethylnovobiocic acid synthase *
EC 6.3.1.16: The enzyme was discovered at the public-review stage to have been misclassified and so was withdrawn. See EC 6.3.3.6, carbapenam-3-carboxylate synthase
EC 6.3.1.17: β-citrylglutamate synthase *
EC 6.3.1.18: γ-glutamylanilide synthase *
EC 6.3.1.19: prokaryotic ubiquitin-like protein ligase *
EC 6.3.1.20: lipoate—protein ligase *
EC 6.3.1.21: phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase 2 *

* No Wikipedia article

EC 6.3.2: Acid—Amino-Acid Ligases (Peptide Synthases)

EC 6.3.2.1: pantoate—β-alanine ligase (AMP-forming)
EC 6.3.2.2: glutamate—cysteine ligase
EC 6.3.2.3: glutathione synthase
EC 6.3.2.4: D-alanine—D-alanine ligase
EC 6.3.2.5: phosphopantothenate—cysteine ligase (CTP)
EC 6.3.2.6: phosphoribosylaminoimidazolesuccinocarboxamide synthase
EC 6.3.2.7: UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate—L-lysine ligase
EC 6.3.2.8: UDP-N-acetylmuramate—L-alanine ligase
EC 6.3.2.9: UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine—D-glutamate ligase
EC 6.3.2.10: UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-tripeptide—D-alanyl-D-alanine ligase
EC 6.3.2.11: carnosine synthase
EC 6.3.2.12: dihydrofolate synthase
EC 6.3.2.13: UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate—2,6-diaminopimelate ligase
EC 6.3.2.14: enterobactin synthase
EC 6.3.2.15: Deleted, The activity observed is due to EC 6.3.2.10, UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-tripeptideD-alanyl-D-alanine ligase
EC 6.3.2.16: D-alanine—alanyl-poly(glycerolphosphate) ligase
EC 6.3.2.17: tetrahydrofolate synthase
EC 6.3.2.18: γ-glutamylhistamine synthase
EC 6.3.2.19: The ubiquitinylation process is now known to be performed by several enzymes in sequence, starting with EC 6.2.1.45 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1) and followed by several transfer reactions, including those of EC 2.3.2.23 (E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme) and EC 2.3.2.27 (RING-type E3 ubiquitin transferase)
EC 6.3.2.20: indoleacetate—lysine synthetase
EC 6.3.2.21: The reaction is performed by the sequential action of EC 6.2.1.45 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1), several ubiquitin transferases and finally by EC 2.3.2.27 [ubiquitin transferase RING E3 (calmodulin-selective)]
EC 6.3.2.22: Now EC 6.3.1.14, diphthine—ammonia ligase.
EC 6.3.2.23: homoglutathione synthase
EC 6.3.2.24: tyrosine—arginine ligase
EC 6.3.2.25: tubulin—tyrosine ligase
EC 6.3.2.26: N-(5-amino-5-carboxypentanoyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-valine synthase
EC 6.3.2.27: The activity is covered by two independent enzymes, EC 6.3.2.38 N²-citryl-N⁶-acetyl-N⁶-hydroxylysine synthase, and EC 6.3.2.39, aerobactin synthase
EC 6.3.2.28: Now EC 6.3.2.49, L-alanine-L-anticapsin ligase
EC 6.3.2.29: cyanophycin synthase (L-aspartate-adding)
EC 6.3.2.30: cyanophycin synthase (L-arginine-adding)
EC 6.3.2.31: coenzyme F₄₂₀-0:L-glutamate ligase
EC 6.3.2.32: coenzyme γ-F₄₂₀-2:α-L-glutamate ligase
EC 6.3.2.33: tetrahydrosarcinapterin synthase
EC 6.3.2.34: coenzyme F₄₂₀-0:L-glutamate ligase
EC 6.3.2.35: D-alanine—D-serine ligase
EC 6.3.2.36: 4-phosphopantoate—β-alanine ligase
EC 6.3.2.37: UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate—D-lysine ligase
EC 6.3.2.38: N²-citryl-N⁶-acetyl-N⁶-hydroxylysine synthase
EC 6.3.2.39: aerobactin synthase
EC 6.3.2.40: cyclopeptine synthase *
EC 6.3.2.41: N-acetylaspartylglutamate synthase *
EC 6.3.2.42: N-acetylaspartylglutamylglutamate synthase *
EC 6.3.2.43: [amino-group carrier protein]—L-2-aminoadipate ligase *
EC 6.3.2.44: pantoate—β-alanine ligase (ADP-forming) *
EC 6.3.2.45: UDP-N-acetylmuramate—L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminoheptanedioate ligase *
EC 6.3.2.46: fumarate—(S)-2,3-diaminopropanoate ligase *
EC 6.3.2.47: dapdiamide synthase *
EC 6.3.2.48: L-arginine-specific L-amino acid ligase *
EC 6.3.2.49: L-alanine—L-anticapsin ligase *
EC 6.3.2.50: tenuazonic acid synthetase *
EC 6.3.2.51: phosphopantothenate—cysteine ligase (ATP) *
EC 6.3.2.52: jasmonoyl—L-amino acid ligase *
EC 6.3.2.53: UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine—L-glutamate ligase *
EC 6.3.2.54: L-2,3-diaminopropanoate—citrate ligase *
EC 6.3.2.55: 2-[(L-alanin-3-ylcarbamoyl)methyl]-3-(2-aminoethylcarbamoyl)-2-hydroxypropanoate synthase *
EC 6.3.2.56: staphyloferrin B synthase *
EC 6.3.2.57: staphyloferrin A synthase *
EC 6.3.2.58: D-ornithine—citrate ligase *
EC 6.3.2.59: 3-methyl-D-ornithine—L-lysine ligase *
EC 6.3.2.60: glutamate—[amino group carrier protein] ligase *
EC 6.3.2.61: tubulin-glutamate ligase *
EC 6.3.2.62: β-tubulin-glutamate ligase *

* No Wikipedia article

EC 6.3.3: Cyclo-Ligases

EC 6.3.3.1: phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine cyclo-ligase
EC 6.3.3.2: 5-formyltetrahydrofolate cyclo-ligase
EC 6.3.3.3: dethiobiotin synthase
EC 6.3.3.4: (carboxyethyl)arginine β-lactam-synthase
EC 6.3.3.5: O-ureido-D-serine cyclo-ligase *
EC 6.3.3.6: carbapenam-3-carboxylate synthase *
EC 6.3.3.7: Ni-sirohydrochlorin a,c-diamide reductive cyclase *

* No Wikipedia article

EC 6.3.4: Other Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases

EC 6.3.4.1: Now included in EC 6.3.5.2, GMP synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)
EC 6.3.4.2: CTP synthase (glutamine hydrolysing)
EC 6.3.4.3: formate—tetrahydrofolate ligase
EC 6.3.4.4: adenylosuccinate synthase
EC 6.3.4.5: argininosuccinate synthase
EC 6.3.4.6: urea carboxylase
EC 6.3.4.7: ribose-5-phosphate—ammonia ligase
EC 6.3.4.8: imidazoleacetate—phosphoribosyldiphosphate ligase
EC 6.3.4.9: biotin—[methylmalonyl-CoA-carboxytransferase] ligase
EC 6.3.4.10: biotin—[methylmalonyl-CoA-carboxytransferase] ligase
EC 6.3.4.11: biotin—[methylcrotonoyl-CoA-carboxylase] ligase
EC 6.3.4.12: glutamate—methylamine ligase
EC 6.3.4.13: phosphoribosylamine—glycine ligase
EC 6.3.4.14: biotin carboxylase
EC 6.3.4.15: biotin—[biotin carboxyl-carrier protein] ligase
EC 6.3.4.16: carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (ammonia)
EC 6.3.4.17: formate—dihydrofolate ligase
EC 6.3.4.18: 5-(carboxyamino)imidazole ribonucleotide synthase
EC 6.3.4.19: tRNA^Ile-lysidine synthase
EC 6.3.4.20: 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine synthase
EC 6.3.4.21: nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase
EC 6.3.4.22: tRNA^Ile2-agmatinylcytidine synthase *
EC 6.3.4.23: formate—phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide ligase *
EC 6.3.4.24: tyramine—L-glutamate ligase *
EC 6.3.4.25: 2-amino-2′-deoxyadenylo-succinate synthase *

* No Wikipedia article

EC 6.3.5: Carbon-nitrogen ligases with glutamine as amido-N-donor

EC 6.3.5.1: NAD⁺ synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)
EC 6.3.5.2: GMP synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)
EC 6.3.5.3: phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase
EC 6.3.5.4: asparagine synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)
EC 6.3.5.5: carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)
EC 6.3.5.6: asparaginyl-tRNA synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)
EC 6.3.5.7: glutaminyl-tRNA synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)
EC 6.3.5.8: Now EC 2.6.1.85, aminodeoxychorismate synthase. As ATP is not hydrolysed during the reaction, the classification of the enzyme as a ligase was incorrect
EC 6.3.5.9: hydrogenobyrinic acid a,c-diamide synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)
EC 6.3.5.10: adenosylcobyric acid synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)
EC 6.3.5.11: cobyrinate a,c-diamide synthase
EC 6.3.5.12: Ni-sirohydrochlorin a,c-diamide synthase *
EC 6.3.5.13: lipid II isoglutaminyl synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing) *

* No Wikipedia article

EC 6.4: Forming Carbon-Carbon Bonds

EC 6.4.1: Ligases that form carbon-carbon bonds (only sub-subclass identified to date)

EC 6.4.1.1: pyruvate carboxylase
EC 6.4.1.2: acetyl-CoA carboxylase
EC 6.4.1.3: propionyl-CoA carboxylase
EC 6.4.1.4: methylcrotonoyl-CoA carboxylase
EC 6.4.1.5: geranoyl-CoA carboxylase
EC 6.4.1.6: acetone carboxylase
EC 6.4.1.7: 2-oxoglutarate carboxylase
EC 6.4.1.8: acetophenone carboxylase
EC 6.4.1.9: coenzyme F₄₃₀ synthetase *

*No Wikipedia article

EC 6.5: Forming Phosphoric Ester Bonds

EC 6.5.1: Ligases that form phosphoric-ester bonds (only sub-subclass identified to date)

EC 6.5.1.1: DNA ligase (ATP)
EC 6.5.1.2: DNA ligase (NAD⁺)
EC 6.5.1.3: RNA ligase (ATP)
EC 6.5.1.4: RNA 3′-terminal-phosphate cyclase (ATP)
EC 6.5.1.5: RNA 3′-terminal-phosphate cyclase (GTP) *
EC 6.5.1.6: DNA ligase (ATP or NAD⁺) *
EC 6.5.1.7: DNA ligase (ATP, ADP or GTP) *
EC 6.5.1.8: 3′-phosphate/5′-hydroxy nucleic acid ligase *
EC 6.5.1.9: cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate synthase *

* No Wikipedia article

EC 6.6: Forming Nitrogen-Metal Bonds

EC 6.6.1: Forming Coordination Complexes

EC 6.7: Forming nitrogen-nitrogen bonds

EC 6.7.1: Forming diazo bonds

EC 6.7.1.1: 3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoate *

* No Wikipedia article

v t e Enzymes
Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Diffusion-limited enzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis
Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor Enzyme activator
Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes
Kinetics	Enzyme kinetics Eadie–Hofstee diagram Hanes–Woolf plot Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics
Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list) EC7 Translocases (list)

v t e Enzymes: CO CS and CN ligases (EC 6.1-6.3)
6.1: Carbon-Oxygen	Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase Alanine Arginine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine D-alanine—poly(phosphoribitol) ligase Glutamate Glutamine Glycine Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Proline Serine Threonine Tryptophan Tyrosine Valine
6.2: Carbon-Sulfur	Succinyl coenzyme A synthetase Acetyl—CoA synthetase Long-chain-fatty-acid—CoA ligase
6.3: Carbon-Nitrogen	Glutamine synthetase Ubiquitin ligase Cullin Von Hippel–Lindau tumor suppressor UBE3A Mdm2 Anaphase-promoting complex UBR1 Glutathione synthetase CTP synthetase Adenylosuccinate synthase Argininosuccinate synthase Holocarboxylase synthetase GMP synthase Asparagine synthetase Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I II Glutamate–cysteine ligase

v t e Ligases: carbon-carbon ligases (EC 6.4)
Biotin dependent carboxylation	Pyruvate carboxylase Acetyl-CoA carboxylase Propionyl-CoA carboxylase Methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase
Other	Polyketide synthase

References

^ "ExplorEnz – The Enzyme Database".
^ McDonald, A.G.; Boyce, S.; K.F., Tipton (2009). "ExplorEnz: the primary source of the IUBMB enzyme list". Nucleic Acids Res. 37 (Database issue): D593–D597. doi:10.1093/nar/gkn582. PMC 2686581. PMID 18776214.

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