List of technology centers
Xerox Parc in 1977, an important technology lab in California's Silicon Valley This is a list some of technology centers throughout the world. Government planners and business networks often incorporate "silicon" or "valley" into place names to describe their own areas as a result of the success of Silicon Valley in California . Metrics may be applied to measure qualitative differences between these places, including:
How much and to what extent public and/or private research and development (R&D) funds are spent in the zones
What percentage of local employment is technology related
If the zone is mainly government funded or is mainly corporate driven (or is it a mix of both)
If mainly corporate, how much revenue and profit and which corporations have headquarters there
If mainly corporate, how much venture capital has been made available to companies in the zone
What supporting higher educational institutions (e.g., universities or colleges) are located nearby
Globally prominent clusters
Silicon Valley : Originating in Stanford University (Palo Alto and Menlo Park), and spreading south towards San Jose, California , and suburbs. San Francisco and nearby areas including Berkeley and Oakland are technically not part of Silicon Valley but have seen growth in industries such as web development since the 90s and venture capital . Silicon Valley, home to two of the largest Big Tech companies, Apple and Google , has maintained dominance for decades in core industries such as microprocessor development as well as software and apps development[ 1] [ 2] Greater Seattle : one of the largest tech clusters in the world, home to two of the largest & wealthiest Big Tech companies: Microsoft and Amazon , as well as Boeing , Nintendo , and most other major tech players have significant presence and research centers in Greater Seattle. University of Washington and Puget Sound vicinity is also home to a large numbers of notable companies & startups in Life Sciences, biotechnology, medical, video/online game, aerospace, aviation, fintech, technology investment, funds, venture capital, as well as various research & technology centersCambridge Cluster : The name given to the region around Cambridge, England , which is home to a large cluster of high-tech businesses focusing on software, electronics and biotechnology, among others AstraZeneca . Many of these businesses have connections with the University of Cambridge , and the area is now one of the most important technology centres in EuropeIT cluster Rhine-Main-Neckar , Germany: Europe's largest software cluster, is globally dominant in business software , IT security research and biopharmaceuticals Shenzhen -Hong Kong Greater Bay Area: Asia's largest technology cluster, is globally dominant in tech manufacturing, consumer software , research, serving global and largest tech consumer market. Home to some of the largest global tech companies, such as Tencent and othersGeneva , Switzerland is globally dominant in particle physics at CERN and various frontier scientific & technology researchGreater Shanghai , including Hangzhou and others in Yangtze River Delta, is globally dominant technology cluster with companies such as Alibaba , Apple , Amazon and Tesla global manufacturing
Dulles Technology Corridor is globally dominant in telecom, satellite, and defense industriesHsinchu Science Park : Greater Hsinchu City and Hsinchu County , Taiwan is the dominant area worldwide for pure-play semiconductor foundry marketSilicon Alley is a portion of Manhattan , New York City, that encompasses Broadway , the Flatiron District , SoHo , and TriBeCa technology centersSilicon Wadi : An area with a high concentration of high-tech industries[ 3] coastal plain in Israel .Eindhoven , The Netherlands is a leading area in technology, stems from Eindhoven University of Technology , ASML and Philips .Toronto and Waterloo Region is a globally prominent technology corridor with companies such as BlackBerry , Desire2Learn and research centers including the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics and MaRS Discovery District .
List
Africa
Konza Technology City : launched in 2013, and set to host business process outsourcing (BPO) ventures, a science park, and other facilities
Middle East and North Africa
Americas
Canada's Technology Triangle with Kitchener-Waterloo, Ontario : home to BlackBerry (formerly Research in Motion ), Open Text , Kik Messenger , Desire2Learn , and the Canadian head office of Google ; home to the Communitech HUB start-up incubatorGreater Vancouver , British Columbia : home to Sony Pictures Imageworks , PMC-Sierra , Telus , Hootsuite , EA Canada , Vision Critical , MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates , Westport Innovations , Slack Technologies , Teradici and D-Wave Systems Silicon Valley North: the National Capital Region around Ottawa , Ontario , Bayview Yards ,—home to Mitel , Shopify , DragonWave , Alcatel Lucent , and Halogen Software
Markham, Ontario : home to the Canadian head offices of Sony , Avaya , IBM , Motorola , Toshiba , Lucent , Sun Microsystems , American Express and AMD Graphics Product Group Greater Toronto Area : specifically Toronto , Mississauga , Brampton , MarkhamCité Multimédia , Montreal Technoparc Montreal Automation Alley: Metropolitan Detroit , primarily Oakland County, Michigan
Cummings Research Park : Huntsville, Alabama Denver Tech Center : Denver, Colorado Dulles Technology Corridor : Northern Virginia near Washington Dulles Airport Greater Seattle Golden Corridor : Near Chicago 's O'Hare International Airport and Northwest SuburbsGreater Reno, Nevada
I-270 Technology Corridor (also known as "DNA Alley"):[ 19] Montgomery County, Maryland , in the northern suburbs of Washington, D.C. [ 20] [ 21] [ 22] Illinois Technology and Research Corridor : DuPage County, Illinois New Mexico Technology Corridor: Los Alamos to Las Cruces , centered on Albuquerque metropolitan area
Optics Valley : Tucson, Arizona Research Triangle : Raleigh –Durham –Chapel Hill, North Carolina , centered on Research Triangle Park Route 128 : Eastern Massachusetts Silicon Alley : New York CitySilicon Beach : Playa Vista in West Los Angeles Silicon Hills : Austin, Texas and its suburbsSilicon Forest : Portland, Oregon Silicon Peach : Atlanta Silicon Prairie : Metropolitan Dallas (primarily the northern region and its suburbs)Silicon Slopes : Salt Lake City, Utah including Utah County (Provo, Utah ) and Summit County (Park City, Utah ) and surrounding areas.Silicon Speedway: Indianapolis, Indiana
Silicon Valley Tech Coast: broadly Southern California , Silicon Beach refers to emergent Santa Monica –LAX tech cluster.
Tech Valley : The Capital District area of Albany, New York Telecom Corridor (an area in the Silicon Prairie ): Richardson , suburb of Dallas, Texas Texas Medical Center : Houston, Texas
Asia
Zhongguancun in Beijing .Sri City Business Centre Chennai: DLF Cyber City , Mahindra World City , Ramanujan IT City , SIPCOT IT Park , TIDEL Park , Olympia Tech Park , One Indiabulls Park , International Tech Park , Information Technology Investment Region , Ambattur Industrial Estate , Guindy Industrial Estate , EMS Corridor , SEZ Corridor , Entertainment Corridor , IT Corridor , Automotive Corridor
Bangalore: Electronic City , International Tech Park , Manyata Embassy Business Park , Bagmane Tech Park , Global Village Tech Park
Thiruvananthapuram: Technopark , Technocity, Thiruvananthapuram
Kochi: Cyber City , InfoPark , SmartCity , Muthoot Technopolis
Hyderabad: HITEC City , Genome Valley
Pune: Cyber City Hinjawadi , Magarpatta
Kolkata: Salt Lake Electronics Complex , ITC Infotech , Candor Tech Space , Bengal Sillicon Valley , Mani Casdona , TCS Sanchayita Tech Park , TCS GItanjali Park , Infosys campus , DLF IT Park 1 , DLF IT park 2 , Godrej Waterside , Wipro Sez , TCS DElta Park Cognigant IT park , Technopolis
Delhi: Delhi IT Park
Gurgaon: Cyber City
Noida: DLF IT Park
Lucknow: IT City
Navi Mumbai: Dhirubhai Ambani Knowledge City
Alappuzha: Infopark, Cherthala
Kozhikode: Cyberpark
Kollam: Technopark
Thrissur: InfoPark
Tirupati: Sri City
Coimbatore: KCT Tech Park
Tiruchirappalli: ELCOT IT Park
Bhubaneswar: Info Valley,[ 25] [ 26] [ 27] [ 28] Tel Aviv /Mediterranean Coastal Region: referred to as Silicon Wadi high-tech industries[ 3] coastal plain in Israel . Israel as a whole country has a strong high-tech sector. The Silicon Wadi area covers much of the country, although especially high concentrations of hi-tech industry can be found in Tel Aviv and its metropolitan area, known as Gush Dan , including small clusters around the cities of Ra'anana , Petah Tikva , Herzliya , Netanya , the academic city of Rehovot and its neighbor Rishon LeZion . In addition, hi-tech clusters can be found in Haifa and Caesarea . Jerusalem also has significant high-tech establishments (Technology Park, Malha , Har Hotzvim and JVP Media Quarter in Talpiot ). Another notable high-tech park is the Startup Village in Yokneam Illit . Yehud hosts Hewlett Packard Enterprise 's software campus[ 30] Technology Park Malaysia (TPM) , Kuala Lumpur [ 34] Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC) / Cyberjaya , Selangor Selangor Science Park, Selangor
Selangor Science Park 2, Selangor [ 35]
Subang Hi-Tech Industrial Park, Selangor
FRIM-MTDC Technology Centre, Selangor [ 36]
UPM-MTDC Technology Centre, Selangor [ 37]
UKM-MTDC Technology Centre. Selangor [ 38]
UITM-MTDC Technology Centre. Selangor [ 39]
Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone , George Town , Penang [ 40] Creative Digital District, George Town , Penang [ 41]
Penang Cybercity, George Town , Penang [ 42]
Batu Kawan Industrial Park, Seberang Perai , Penang [ 43]
Penang Science Park, Seberang Perai , Penang [ 44]
MSC Cyberport , Johor [ 45] Johor Technology Park , Johor Nusajaya Tech Park, Johor [ 46]
UTM-MTDC Technology Centre, Technovation Park, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor [ 47]
Kulim Hi-Tech Park (KHTP) , Kedah [ 48] Daedeok Science Town , Daejeon Digital Media City , Seoul LG Science Park , Seoul Pangyo Techno Valley , Gyeonggi [ 53] Samsung Town , Seoul Gumi Technology Industrial Park , Gumi, North Gyeongsang Pohang University of Science and Technology , Pohang , North Gyeongsang Changwon Industrial Park , South Gyeongsang Ulsan technological park , South Gyeongsang Songdo , Incheon , Gyeonggi-do Teheran Valley , Seoul Southern Taiwan Science Park
Europe
BioWin: The Health Cluster of Wallonia One of the South Moravian Innovation Centre buildings: biotechnology incubator JIC INBIT in university campus in Brno, (Czech Republic) WISTA in Berlin (Silicon Allee )Dublin (known as "Silicon Docks " or "The European Silicon Valley", due to its high number of technological EMEA centres)Russian naukograds [ru ] :
Akademgorodok , Novosibirsk Skolkovo Innovation Center , Skolkovo, Moscow Oblast Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Biysk , Altai region Dubna , Zhukovsky, Korolev , Protvino , Pushchino , Reutov , Troitsk , Fryazino , Chernogolovka , Skolkovo in Moscow regionKoltsovo, Novosibirsk region
Michurinsk , Tambov regionObninsk , Kaluga regionPetergof near St. PetersburgSirius near Sochi [ 59] Innopolis , near Kazan' [ 60] Bucharest
Grozăvești including Politehnica Campus, Regie Campus, Sema Park, Afi Park and Orhideea OfficesPipera including Pipera Park, Aviației Offices and Piața Pipera OfficesMăgurele including the European laser technology instituteRomexpo including Expozitiei Offices, Tipografiei Offices and Jiului OfficesMilitari including West Gate OfficesCluj-Napoca [ 61] Între Lacuri start-up offices
Jucu technology parkIași
Palas-Sfântul Andrei Offices Craiova
S200 technology park including Universitatea Campus
Ford automotive parkTimișoara
Openville
Vox Technology Park Pitești
Science Technology Park Belgrade
NTP Novi Sad
Oceania
South Eveleigh , Sydney , New South Wales Digital Harbour , Docklands , Melbourne , Victoria Macquarie Park , Sydney , New South Wales (including the Research Park, Macquarie University )Technology Park Bentley , Perth , Western Australia (adjacent to Curtin University )
The following list contains places with "Silicon" names , that is, places with nicknames inspired by the Silicon Valley nickname given to part of the San Francisco Bay Area :
Africa
Technion Computer Science Faculty, in Haifa , part of Silicon Wadi , Israel
Middle East and North Africa
Israel
United Arab Emirates
Americas
Brazil
Canada
Chile
Costa Rica
Mexico
United States
Philicon Valley (also known as "Silicon Valley Forge"): Area close to Philadelphia , in the suburbs of Valley Forge and Wayne[ 67] Research Forest: The Woodlands, Texas Silicon Alley : Originally a portion of Manhattan in New York City, specifically Broadway , the Flatiron District , SoHo , and TriBeCa . Now encompasses the general NYC tech sphere.Silicon Anchor: Norfolk –Virginia Beach metropolitan area
Silicon Basin: Columbus, Ohio
Silicon Bayou : New Orleans, Louisiana Silicon Beach : Santa Monica , California and the Westside area of the Los Angeles metro, more specifically Culver City , Venice Beach , Westwood , Manhattan Beach , Malibu , Playa del Rey , and Marina del Rey ; also used to refer to the San Diego area in the name of the 1980s software developer Silicon Beach Software . There is also Silicon Beach in South Florida in the Miami area.[ 68] [ 69] [ 70] Silicon Coast: Orange County, California
Silicon Desert : Chandler, Arizona [ 71] Silicon Forest : Portland, Oregon Silicon Harbor: Charleston, South Carolina
Silicon Hill : Washington, D.C.Silicon Hills : Austin, Texas Silicon Hollar : Boone, North Carolina [ 72] Silicon Mountain : Front Range Urban Corridor , Colorado (Denver , Boulder , Fort Collins , Colorado Springs )Silicon Peach : Atlanta home to Georgia Institute of Technology as well as VMware Airwatch , Google ATL, Kabbage , Pindrop Security , and many venture capital firmsSilicon Prairie
Silicon Sandbar : Cape Cod , Massachusetts [citation needed Silicon Shire : Eugene, Oregon Silicon Shore: Santa Barbara, California
Silicon Slopes : Utah County and southern Salt Lake County , Utah Silicon Surf: Santa Cruz, California
Silicon Valley : San Jose, California Silicon Valley North: Seattle, Washington
Silicon Valley of the Sierras: Nevada County, California
Silicotton Valley: Huntsville, Alabama
Silicon Spuds: Idaho Falls, Idaho
Asia
Silicon Harbor: Hong Kong , China
Silicon Island: Kyushu , Japan
Silicon Peninsula: Dalian , China
Silcion Valley of South Korea : Gumi , Gyeongbuk
China's Silicon Valley: Shenzhen or Zhongguancun , Haidian District , Beijing , People's Republic of China (PRC).[ 73]
Silicon Valley of India (sometimes referred to as Silicon Plateau ): Bangalore Silicon Valley of Taiwan : Hsinchu , Taiwan
Silicon Valley of Hong Kong: Cyberport and Hong Kong Science Park
Silicon Valley of the East: Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone , George Town , Penang , Malaysia
Silicon Island , George Town , Penang , Malaysia Silicon Wadi : The coastal plain of Israel , stretching from Haifa to Tel Aviv and Rehovot and expanding inland to Jerusalem Teheran Valley : Gangnam District , Seoul , South Korea Pangyo Techno Valley : Seongnam-si , Gyeonggi-do , South Korea
Europe
France
Germany
Greece
Ireland
Italy
Silicon Moda: Milan , Italy.
Norway
SiliconFjord: Oslofjord region[ 74]
Russia
Switzerland
Ticino Valley: Technology cluster in the Lugano area
United Kingdom
Cwm Silicon (Newport, Wales )Silicon Alley (Pink Lane, Newcastle Upon Tyne , England)
Silicon Beach (Bournemouth, England )
Silicon Canal (Birmingham , England): the area along the Digbeth Branch Canal from Aston Science Park , through Millennium Point to Digbeth .
Silicon Corridor (the M4 corridor )
Silicon Dock (Belfast )
Silicon Fen (Cambridge , England[ 75] Silicon Forest (Newark, Nottinghamshire ): Silicon Forest consists of various businesses from in and around the Newark and Sherwood area that specialise in technology and innovation.
Silicon Glen (Central Belt , Scotland )Silicon Gorge (Bristol , England)Silicon Mall (London, England): the area between Pall Mall and Victoria in London
Silicon Pier (Brighton , England)
Silicon Roundabout : the area around Old Street Roundabout in London (East London Tech City )Silicon Shipyard (Newcastle upon Tyne , Gateshead , Middlesbrough )
Silicon Spa (Leamington Spa , Warwickshire ):[ 76] video game developers .Silicon Walk (Edinburgh , Scotland )
Oceania
Australia
Silicon Mallee (Adelaide, Australia ; Mallee, an Australian aboriginal word for the land area around Adelaide covered by low, scrubby dwarf eucalyptus "mallee" vegetation)[citation needed
Silicon St, Sydney " An inner city colloquial district including Ultimo/Pyrmont along Harris St spanning 10 km2 from UTS to Google including Fishburners
Silicon Beach : A term used by those in the Australian startup community to refer to the startup ecosystem within Australian cities, in particular by Meetup groups like Silicon Beach Sydney and Silicon Beach Adelaide
New Zealand
See also
References
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Further reading
Kerr, William R., and Frederic Robert-Nicoud. 2020. "Tech Clusters. " Journal of Economic Perspectives , 34 (3): 50–76.
External links
