Share to:

 

USS Theodore Roosevelt (CVN-71)

For other ships with the same name, see USS Theodore Roosevelt.

USS Theodore Roosevelt (CVN-71)
USS Theodore Roosevelt (CVN 71) in the Philippine Sea, April 5, 2024.
History
United States
NameTheodore Roosevelt
NamesakeTheodore Roosevelt
Ordered30 September 1980
BuilderNewport News Shipbuilding
Cost$4.5 billion (2007 dollars)
Laid down31 October 1981
Launched27 October 1984
Commissioned25 October 1986
HomeportSan Diego
Identification
Motto
  • Qui Plantavit Curabit
  • (He who has planted will preserve)
Nickname(s)
Statusin active service
Badge
General characteristics
Class and typeNimitz-class aircraft carrier
Displacement104,600 long tons (117,200 short tons)[1]
Length
  • Overall: 1,092 feet (332.8 m)
  • Waterline: 1,040 feet (317.0 m)
Beam
  • Overall: 252 feet (76.8 m)
  • Waterline: 134 feet (40.8 m)
Draft
  • Maximum navigational: 37 feet (11.3 m)
  • Limit: 41 feet (12.5 m)
Propulsion
Speed30+ knots (56+ km/h; 35+ mph)[2]
RangeUnlimited distance; 20–25 years
EnduranceLimited only by food and supplies
Complement
  • Ship's company: 3,200
  • Air wing: 2,480
Sensors and
processing systems
Electronic warfare
& decoys
Armament
Armor63.5 mm Kevlar armor over vitals [3]
Aircraft carried90 fixed wing and helicopters

USS Theodore Roosevelt (CVN-71) is the fourth Nimitz-class, nuclear-powered, aircraft carrier in the United States Navy. She is named in honor of Theodore Roosevelt, the 26th president of the United States and a proponent of naval power. She is the fourth ship named in honor of Theodore Roosevelt, three bearing his full name and a fourth with just his last name. Another three U.S. Navy ships have "Roosevelt" in their names in honor of members of the Roosevelt family. This carrier's radio call sign is "Rough Rider", the nickname of President Roosevelt's volunteer cavalry unit during the Spanish–American War. She was launched in 1984, and saw her first action during the Gulf War in 1991. As of August, 2024, she is deployed with Carrier Air Wing 11 and Carrier Strike Group 9, which includes the Ticonderoga-class cruiser USS Lake Erie (CG-70), and the Arleigh Burke-class destroyer's USS John S. McCain (DDG-56), USS Halsey (DDG-97), and the USS Daniel Inouye (DDG-118).

Background

Initially, President Gerald Ford cancelled the order for CVN-71 in 1976 and substituted two CVV-type medium-sized, conventional-powered carriers that were expected to operate V/STOL aircraft. The existing T-CBL design formed the basis for the new CVV, serving as a replacement for the aging Midway-class carriers, while capable of operating all existing conventional carrier aircraft. This capability to operate conventional aircraft proved important as the hoped-for supersonic V/STOL fighters did not come to fruition at the time. In any case, construction of the proposed CVV medium-sized carrier never took place.[4][5]

Authorization for CVN-71 was further delayed when President Jimmy Carter vetoed the 1979 Fiscal Year Department of Defense authorization bill because of the inclusion of this Nimitz-class nuclear supercarrier in the Navy ship-building program.[5][6] As a result of the Iran hostage crisis, which required the increased deployment of U.S. carrier battle groups to the Indian Ocean, President Carter reversed his stand on Nimitz-class nuclear supercarriers, and CVN-71 was subsequently authorized under the 1980 Fiscal Year authorization bill for the U.S. Department of Defense.[6]

Design and construction

Theodore Roosevelt was the first aircraft carrier to be assembled using modular construction, wherein large modules are independently constructed in "lay-down" areas, prior to being hoisted into place and welded together. Modular construction, made possible through the use of a huge gantry crane capable of lifting 900 tons, cut 16 months off Theodore Roosevelt's construction time, and the technique has been used on every aircraft carrier since. Theodore Roosevelt and those Nimitz-class vessels completed after her have slight structural differences from the earlier carriers (USS Nimitz, USS Dwight D. Eisenhower, and USS Carl Vinson) and improved protection for ordnance storage in her magazines.[7]

Theodore Roosevelt's history began on 30 September 1980, when a contract was awarded for "Hull 624D" to Newport News Shipbuilding. Her keel was laid down on 31 October 1981, with Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger initiating the first weld. On 3 November 1981, Secretary of the Navy John F. Lehman announced that the carrier would be named for Theodore Roosevelt. The vessel's Pre-Commissioning Unit (PCU) was formed in February 1984, with Captain Paul W. Parcells named as Commanding Officer. On 27 October 1984, the ship was officially christened by Mrs. Barbara Lehman, wife of Secretary Lehman. On 25 October 1986, Theodore Roosevelt was commissioned to active service at Newport News.[8]

Service history

Maiden deployment

Shock test of Theodore Roosevelt during sea trials in 1987

After sea trials and pre-deployment workups, Theodore Roosevelt started her maiden deployment on 30 December 1988 with Carrier Air Wing Eight (CVW-8) embarked. The ship patrolled the Mediterranean Sea prior to returning on 30 June 1989. She was awarded the 1989 Battle "E" from Commander, Naval Air Force U.S. Atlantic Fleet on 20 March 1990.[citation needed]

1990s

On 28 December 1990, Theodore Roosevelt and CVW-8 deployed for Operation Desert Shield, arriving in the Persian Gulf on 16 January 1991. With the commencement of Operation Desert Storm on 15 January 1991, Theodore Roosevelt began combat operations; eventually flying over 4,200 sorties, more than any other carrier, and dropping more than 4,800,000 pounds (2,177,243.4 kg) of ordnance before the cease-fire on 28 February.[citation needed]

Four U.S. Navy carriers form "Battle Force Zulu" following the 1991 Gulf War; Theodore Roosevelt (top right) cruises with Midway (top left), Ranger (bottom left) and America (bottom right)

When Iraqi forces turned on the Kurds, Theodore Roosevelt and CVW-8 were among the first coalition forces in Operation Provide Comfort, flying patrols over northern Iraq. After a 189-day deployment, with 176 days at sea, Theodore Roosevelt returned to Norfolk on 28 June 1991. On 14 February 1992, the ship won her second Battle "E". This was followed by the award of the Battenberg Cup for 1991 as the Atlantic Fleet's premier ship.[9]

Theodore Roosevelt began her third deployment on 11 March 1993, again with CVW-8 embarked. Also embarked was a Special Purpose Marine Air-Ground Task Force (SPMAGTF), in a test of the concept of embarking a multi-purpose Marine force in a carrier. While the ship was still in the Virginia Capes operating area, President Bill Clinton flew aboard for several hours for his first visit to a U.S. Navy ship.[9] Theodore Roosevelt operated in the Adriatic as CVW-8 planes enforced Operation Deny Flight in the U.S. no-fly zone over Bosnia. In June, on the way to only her second port visit, Theodore Roosevelt was ordered instead to transit the Suez Canal en route to the Red Sea to participate in Operation Southern Watch, enforcing the no-fly zone over Iraq. Deployed for 184 days, Theodore Roosevelt spent 169 days under way prior to return in September 1993. For the accomplishments of her crew, the ship received her second Meritorious Unit Commendation.[citation needed]

From November 1993 to April 1994, Theodore Roosevelt conducted a Selected Restricted Availability (SRA) at Norfolk Naval Shipyard (NNSY), completing ahead of schedule. On 10 March 1994, Theodore Roosevelt received her third Battle "E". Then on 3 June, Theodore Roosevelt was awarded her second Battenberg Cup as the best ship in the Atlantic Fleet.[citation needed]

Theodore Roosevelt and CVW-8 began their fourth deployment in March 1995, operating in the Red Sea in support of Operation Southern Watch over Iraq, and Operations Deny Flight and Sharp Guard over the skies of Bosnia and in the Adriatic operating areas. Deny Flight evolved into Operation Deliberate Force, as CVW-8 aircraft led NATO strikes against strategic Bosnian Serb targets in Bosnia-Herzegovina. The Theodore Roosevelt Battle Group returned to Norfolk, Virginia in September 1995 and was awarded the Navy Unit Commendation for its Bosnia operations.[9]

On 14 October 1996, Theodore Roosevelt collided with USS Leyte Gulf, a Ticonderoga-class guided missile cruiser, while conducting operations off the coast of North Carolina. The incident occurred as the carrier, without prior warning, reversed her engines while Leyte Gulf was behind her and collided with the cruiser's bow. There were no injuries reported,[10] but Theodore Roosevelt suffered more than $7 million damage to her stern, while damages to Leyte Gulf's bow were assessed at $2 million.[11]

Theodore Roosevelt deployed for her fifth deployment on 25 November 1996, with CVW-3 embarked, in support of Operation Southern Watch in the Mediterranean and Persian Gulf. The ship returned from deployment in May 1997. On 8 July 1997, Theodore Roosevelt entered the Newport News Shipbuilding yard for a one-year Extended Drydock and Selected Restricted Availability (EDSRA), her first major overhaul since commissioning. Theodore Roosevelt returned to her homeport of Norfolk Naval Station on 2 July 1998.[citation needed]

Theodore Roosevelt underway in 1999

From 1 February to 4 March 1999 Theodore Roosevelt participated in exercise JTFEX / TMDI99 along with the Brazilian Navy and several NATO navies. During the exercise, Theodore Roosevelt was mock-sunk,[12] along with eight other U.S. ships, many of which were the carrier's escorts, by submarine HNLMS Walrus of the Royal Netherlands Navy.[citation needed]

Theodore Roosevelt began her sixth deployment on 26 March 1999 with CVW-8 embarked. They were immediately called to duty in the Ionian Sea to support NATO's Operation Allied Force. Theodore Roosevelt and CVW-8 aircraft conducted airstrikes for two months over the skies of Kosovo against Serbian positions. Theodore Roosevelt and CVW-8 were then dispatched to support Operation Southern Watch, enforcing the "no-fly zone" over Southern Iraq. Theodore Roosevelt returned to her home port of Norfolk, Virginia, on 24 September 1999.[citation needed]

2000s

On 10 January 2000, Theodore Roosevelt entered a Planned Incremental Availability (PIA) at the Norfolk Naval Shipyard, Portsmouth, Virginia for a six-month maintenance period.[citation needed]

After the September 11 attacks, Theodore Roosevelt began her seventh deployment on 19 September 2001 with Carrier Air Wing One (CVW-1). On 15 October 2001, Theodore Roosevelt and CVW-1 entered the North Arabian Sea, joining the already-present Enterprise and Carl Vinson in conducting attacks against al-Qaeda in Afghanistan for Operation Enduring Freedom.[13] Between departing Norfolk on 19 September 2001 and arriving in Bahrain for a liberty call on 27 February 2002, Theodore Roosevelt spent 160 consecutive days at sea, breaking the record for the longest period underway since World War II.[14] Theodore Roosevelt returned to her homeport 27 March 2002 and was awarded the Navy Unit Commendation, 2001 Battenberg Cup, and 2001 Battle "E".[15] From April to October 2002, Theodore Roosevelt conducted a Planned Incremental Availability maintenance period at Norfolk Naval Ship Yard.[citation needed]

Theodore Roosevelt receives cargo while pierside at the NATO Marathi Pier Facility in Crete.

Theodore Roosevelt got underway on 6 January for a scheduled month-long training period in the Puerto Rican Operating Area. Near the end of January, Theodore Roosevelt received orders to proceed across the Atlantic to the Mediterranean Sea. Strike Fighter Squadron 201, based at Naval Air Station Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base Fort Worth, Texas, was ordered to active duty as a unit of Carrier Air Wing (CVW) 8, the first Naval Reserve squadron to deploy aboard an aircraft carrier since the Korean War.[16] Theodore Roosevelt arrived on station in the Eastern Mediterranean in February. On 22 March 2003 Theodore Roosevelt, along with USS Harry S. Truman, began launching air strikes into Iraq in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom.[17] Theodore Roosevelt returned home on 26 May and was awarded the Meritorious Unit Commendation, the Navy Unit Citation, and the Global War on Terrorism Expeditionary Medal.

On 19 February 2004, Theodore Roosevelt entered a ten-month Docked Planned Incremental Availability (DPIA) at NNSY in Portsmouth.[18] Major systems overhauled included AC systems, Steam and CHT (sewage) systems, 1MC (announcing) systems, communication, navigation, and detection suites, weapons elevator overhauls, propeller replacement, hull cleaning and painting, and sea valve replacement. Theodore Roosevelt came out of dry-dock in August and completed the maintenance availability on 17 December 2004.[19]

An F/A-18 Hornet from the "Sidewinders" of VFA-86 ignites its afterburners while preparing to be catapulted from the flight deck.

On 1 September 2005, Theodore Roosevelt deployed with CVW-8 embarked for a routine six-month mission to the Persian Gulf in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF),[20] transiting the Suez Canal on 27 September[21] and launching OIF missions beginning 6 October.[22] This deployment was the last cruise for the F-14 Tomcat before its retirement in 2006. Theodore Roosevelt carried two Tomcat squadrons, VF-31 (Tomcatters) and VF-213 (Black Lions).[23] Theodore Roosevelt returned to home port on 11 March 2006. Shortly after this cruise, Theodore Roosevelt earned the "Jig Dog" Ramage Carrier and Carrier Air Wing Operational Excellence Award, which is a Navy-wide award that is selected jointly by Type Commanders (TYCOM) and is presented to the Carrier/Air Wing team with the best performance as an integrated unit.[citation needed]

On 7 March 2007, Theodore Roosevelt began a nine-month Planned Incremental Availability (PIA) in Norfolk, which saw the addition of RAM-116 missiles among other upgrades.[24] The ship returned to Naval Station Norfolk on 28 November 2007.[citation needed]

CVW-8 and Theodore Roosevelt participated in Joint Task Force Exercise 08-4 Operation Brimstone off the coast of North Carolina between 21 and 31 July 2008. The British aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal, the amphibious assault ship Iwo Jima with associated units and the Brazilian frigate Greenhalgh and the French submarine Améthyste also participated in the event.[25]

Theodore Roosevelt left Norfolk on 8 September 2008 for a scheduled deployment to the Middle East with Carrier Air Wing Eight embarked.[26] On 4 October 2008, the ship stopped at Cape Town, South Africa. This was the first visit to Cape Town by a nuclear-powered vessel since the German cargo ship Otto Hahn in the 1970s.[27] Due to poor weather, approximately half of the ship's crew was unable to go ashore on liberty. Much of the crew that made it ashore were unable to return to Theodore Roosevelt due to the increasingly poor weather. The remaining crew was forced to remain on the pier till morning alongside the cruiser USS Monterey. The ship made four subsequent port stops in Jebel Ali, UAE, including one during the Christmas holiday. CVW-8 and CVN-71 supported Operation Enduring Freedom and flew more than 3,100 sorties and dropped more than 59,500 pounds of ordnance while providing close air support for ISAF-forces in Afghanistan.[citation needed]

On 21 March 2009, Theodore Roosevelt was relieved by Dwight D. Eisenhower.[28] The carrier arrived at Norfolk on 18 April.[29] On 26 August 2009 defense contractor Northrop Grumman was awarded a 2.4 billion dollar contract for Refueling and Complex Overhaul (RCOH) of Theodore Roosevelt at its Newport News shipyard.[30]

2010s

USS Theodore Roosevelt in October 2019

On 29 August 2013, Theodore Roosevelt returned to Norfolk Naval Station, Virginia, completing its post-overhaul sea trials that concluded its four-year mid-life RCOH.[31] On 14 September 2013, Theodore Roosevelt successfully completed flight deck certification which entailed completing a total of 160 carrier landings during daytime and night-time operations. Other certification drills included rigging the emergency barricade, flight deck firefighting evolutions, and crash and salvage operations.[32] On 17 September 2013, Theodore Roosevelt completed her first underway replenishment in over four years.[33]

Flight testing for the X-47B continued on board Theodore Roosevelt on 10 November 2013. During this phase, the X-47B's digitized carrier-controlled environment was tested which involved the interface between the unmanned aircraft and carrier personnel during launching, flight operations and recovery. The digital environment offered increased flexibility and enhanced safety for carrier operations.[34]

On 15 January 2014, the Navy announced that Theodore Roosevelt's homeport would move to San Diego, replacing USS Ronald Reagan when she relocated to Japan sometime in 2015 as part of the US Navy's preparation for the planned refueling of USS George Washington.[35]

On 4 March 2015, during a training exercise off Florida, Theodore Roosevelt was mock-sunk by the French Navy submarine Saphir.[36]

On 11 March 2015,Theodore Roosevelt and Carrier Strike Group 12 departed Naval Station Norfolk for an around the world tour with deployments to the U.S. 5th, 6th and 7th Fleets as part the first deployment of Naval Integrated Fire Control-Counter Air (NIFC-CA) Carrier Strike Group, before arriving in their new homeport of San Diego, California.[37][38]

On 20 April 2015, Theodore Roosevelt, along with the cruiser USS Normandy, was deployed off the coast of Yemen to intercept suspected Iranian weapons shipments intended for Houthi rebels, who are engaged in a civil war with Yemeni government forces.[39]

In early November 2015, Theodore Roosevelt along with the guided-missile destroyer USS Lassen, sailed to the South China Sea to assert freedom of navigation in the area claimed by China.[40]

Theodore Roosevelt pulled into her new home port at San Diego on 23 November 2015, completing a deployment during which she circumnavigated the globe. The carrier launched 1,800 sorties against Islamic State militants in Iraq and Syria as part of Operation Inherent Resolve, totaling 10,618 flight hours and over one million pounds of ordnance employed through 1,085 guided munitions. Carrier Strike Group 12 traveled nearly 27,000 nmi (31,000 mi; 50,000 km) during the deployment, which also marked aviation milestones including the first operational use of the E-2D Advanced Hawkeye and the last active-duty operational deployment of the HH-60H Rescue Hawk and SH-60F Seahawk helicopters.[41]

On 6 October 2017, Theodore Roosevelt departed San Diego for her deployment to the United States Seventh Fleet and United States Fifth Fleet area of operations, accompanied with Carrier Strike Group 9 and Carrier Air Wing Seventeen.[42] On November 8, 2017, Theodore Roosevelt and her group started a 4-day exercise with two other carrier strike groups, led by carriers Ronald Reagan and Nimitz, in the Sea of Japan.[43]

In May 2019, Theodore Roosevelt participated in Exercise Northern Edge 2019, marking the first time in a decade a carrier took part in the exercise. Also in 2019, Carrier Air Wing Eleven was transferred to the ship.[44]

2020s

On 5 March 2020, Theodore Roosevelt, along with the cruiser USS Bunker Hill, arrived at Da Nang, Vietnam, for a five-day port visit commemorating the 25th anniversary of United States–Vietnam relations.[45]

In July 2021 she was moved from San Diego, her usual homeport, to Bremerton, Washington, where she will be retrofitted to accommodate the F-35 multirole combat aircraft. A Navy spokesman said she will be in the Bremerton shipyard for 16 to 18 months. Approximately 3,000 sailors and their families moved to Bremerton with the ship.[46] Theodore Roosevelt left Bremerton for sea trials in March 2023 and will eventually return to her previous homeport of San Diego.[47]

Theodore Roosevelt deployed in January 2024 from Naval Air Station North Island in San Diego.[48] On 19 March 2024, a F/A-18F Super Hornet from Carrier Air Wing 11 made the 250,000th successful arrested landing on her deck.[49] In late-June 2024, she was ordered to the Middle East to relieve USS Dwight D. Eisenhower and to continue the U.S. presence in the region arriving there in July. [50] In mid-July 2024, US Navy's Carrier Strike Group 9 centred on USS Theodore Roosevelt along with Carrier Air Wing 11 and USS Daniel Inouye conducted an exercise with Indian Navy's INS Aditya and INS Visakhapatnam in the Indian Ocean.[51][52][53] She operated in conjunction with the Abraham Lincoln from August until September 2024 before returning home on 14 October 2024 after 278 days on deployment.[54]

COVID-19 pandemic

Main article: COVID-19 pandemic on USS Theodore Roosevelt
See also: COVID-19 pandemic on naval ships

On 24 March 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, three sailors aboard the deployed vessel tested positive for COVID-19, a coronavirus disease identified as the cause of an outbreak of respiratory illness.[55] Within a few days, that number climbed to dozens. Theodore Roosevelt was reported to be the first ship in the U.S. Navy to have a COVID-19 outbreak while at sea; Theodore Roosevelt docked at Guam on 27 March 2020.[56][57]

By 31 March, the number of infected sailors was over 100, and the captain, Brett Crozier, pleaded for help from the Navy, sending an e-mail to ten Pacific Fleet admirals and captains, including his superior, the commander of Carrier Strike Group-9, and the commander of the Pacific Fleet, requesting that his ship be evacuated.[61] The US Navy ordered the aircraft carrier evacuated with a skeleton crew of 400 to remain aboard the vessel to maintain the nuclear reactor, the fire-fighting equipment, and the ship's galley.[56]

On 2 April, acting Navy Secretary Thomas Modly relieved Crozier of his command for sending the request for assistance over non-secure email to what he characterized as "broad array of people" rather than up the chain of command, adding that Crozier "allowed the complexity of the challenge of the COVID breakout on the ship to overwhelm his ability to act professionally".[62] Crozier was to remain in the Navy and retain his rank.[62] Several members of the House Armed Services Committee criticized the decision, stating that "the dismissal of Captain Crozier at this critical moment, as the sailors aboard the U.S.S. Theodore Roosevelt are confronted with the COVID-19 pandemic, is a reckless, political move that reeks of undue command influence."[62] Captain Carlos A. Sardiello assumed temporary command of Theodore Roosevelt; his second stint serving as the ship's captain.[63] Modly traveled to Guam and gave a ship-wide speech, which The New York Times described as a "tirade",[64] during which he was heckled by some of the sailors.[65] After demands from Congress that he be fired, Modly resigned on April 7.[66]

As of Easter Sunday, April 12, 585 crew members had tested positive.[67] The Navy and the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) are using the infection, death, and recovery data from Theodore Roosevelt to study the pandemic.[68] On 13 April, the hospitalized sailor, a chief petty officer, died.[72]

As of 20 April, 4,069 sailors had been moved off the ship,[73] 94% of the crew had been tested for the virus, yielding 678 positive and 3,904 negative results.[73] As of 17 April, seven crew members were in the hospital including one in intensive care.[74] About 60% of the people who tested positive did not have symptoms.[75] As of 16 April, most of the ship had been cleaned.[76] Sailors kept testing positive for the virus even after 14 days of isolation; some who tested positive had previously tested negative.[73] The Navy temporarily suspended post-quarantine testing and extended the sailors' isolation, delaying plans to begin moves of the crew back to the carrier.[73] Some sailors volunteered for antibody testing.[77] Initial testing was completed by 27 April 2020, at which point, 969 crew members had tested positive, and 14 of those 969 had recovered.[78]

By 29 April, sailors that were previously quarantined in Guam began moving back to the ship.[79] Theodore Roosevelt returned to sea on 21 May for the first time after being sidelined for two months due to COVID-19.[80]

On 19 June 2020 the widely expected reinstatement of Captain Crozier was canceled and the promotion of the Theodore Roosevelt strike group commander was put on hold.[81]

On 23 June 2020 USS Nimitz and Theodore Roosevelt completed a two-carrier operation in the Philippine Sea.[82] Theodore Roosevelt was returning to home port when another chief petty officer suffered a medical emergency, of which the nature was not disclosed, and died 2 July 2020.[71]

In a 10 November 2020 scientific brief, the CDC highlighted this case among several others to detail the community benefit of masking, as the use of face coverings on-board was demonstrated to be associated with a 70% reduced risk of infection.[83] Final analysis of the outbreak in December 2020, found 1271 crew members tested positive for SARS-Cov-2 and an additional 60 had suspected COVID-19 but did not test positive; 76.9% of those who tested positive were asymptomatic at testing. 55% developed symptoms.[84]

Ship awards

See also

References

  1. ^ Polmar, Norman (2004). The Naval Institute guide to the ships and aircraft of the U.S. fleet. Naval Institute Press. p. 112. ISBN 978-1-59114-685-8. nimitz class displacement.
  2. ^ Gibbons, Tony (2001). The Encyclopedia of Ships. London, United Kingdom: Amber Books. p. 444. ISBN 978-1-905704-43-9.
  3. ^ Fontenoy, Paul E. (2006). Aircraft carriers: an illustrated history of their impact. ABC-CLIO Ltd. p. 349. ISBN 978-1-85109-573-5.
  4. ^ Friedman, Norman (1983). Aircraft Carriers: An Illustrated Design History. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. pp. 323–324, 329–333. ISBN 978-0-87021-739-5. Archived from the original on 22 October 2013. Retrieved 17 July 2013.
  5. ^ a b "CVV" (PDF). Naval Aviations News. Washington Navy Yard: Naval History & Heritage Command. July 1979. p. 8. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 August 2010. Retrieved 18 July 2013.
  6. ^ a b Polmar, Norman (2006). Aircraft Carriers: A History of Carrier Aviation and Its Influence on World Events, Volume 2. Dulles, Virginia: Potomac Books, Inc. p. 364. ISBN 978-1-57488-663-4. Archived from the original on 31 March 2019. Retrieved 17 July 2013.
  7. ^ "Costing the CVN-21: A DID Primer". Defense Industry Daily. 19 December 2005. Archived from the original on 28 May 2019. Retrieved 27 December 2009.
  8. ^ Wilson, George C. (26 October 1986). "USS Theodore Roosevelt Joins Active Service as 15th Carrier". The Washington Post. p. A21. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
  9. ^ a b c "Ship's History". tr.surfor.navy.mil. Archived from the original on 13 April 2009.
  10. ^ "USS Leyte Gulf at DCHM". Naval Sea Systems Command DC Museum. Archived from the original on 14 February 2008. Retrieved 16 September 2007.
  11. ^ McMichael, William H. (23 November 1996). "Navy Officers Reprimanded for Role in Ships Collision". Daily Press. Archived from the original on 26 June 2017. Retrieved 19 June 2017.
  12. ^ Thompson, Roger (2007). Lessons Not Learned: The U.S. Navy's Status Quo Culture. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-59114-865-4.
  13. ^ "US Navy in Operation Enduring Freedom, 2001-2002". NHHC. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
  14. ^ Vogel, Steve (7 March 2002). "USS Roosevelt Sets Record With 160 Days at Sea". The Washington Post. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
  15. ^ Kerns, Rob (10 June 2002). "Theodore Roosevelt Takes Battenberg Cup" (Press release). USS Theodore Roosevelt Public Affairs. Navy News Service. NNS020610-06. Archived from the original on 24 November 2006.
  16. ^ Boxleitner, Kirk (27 January 2003). "VFA-201 "Hunters" Make History Aboard TR" (Press release). USS Theodore Roosevelt Public Affairs. Navy News Service. NNS030127-04. Archived from the original on 31 August 2007.
  17. ^ Kerns, Rob (24 March 2003). "America's Big Stick Launches Operation Iraqi Freedom Strikes" (Press release). USS Theodore Roosevelt Public Affairs. Navy News Service. NNS030324-01. Archived from the original on 1 April 2003.
  18. ^ Catalano, Mark A. (23 March 2004). "FOD Walkdown Marks End to Historic Chapter for TR" (Press release). USS Theodore Roosevelt Public Affairs. Navy News Service. NNS040323-10. Archived from the original on 24 November 2006.
  19. ^ Catalano, Mark (20 December 2004). "Fast Cruise Marks End of DPIA for 'Big Stick'" (Press release). USS Theodore Roosevelt Public Affairs. Navy News Service. NNS041220-03. Archived from the original on 24 November 2006.
  20. ^ Stephens, Kimberly R. (2 September 2005). "Theodore Roosevelt CSG Deploys in Support of Global War on Terrorism" (Press release). USS Theodore Roosevelt Public Affairs. Navy News Service. NNS050902-14. Archived from the original on 5 December 2007.
  21. ^ Bristol, Daniel A. (6 October 2005). "USS Theodore Roosevelt Transits Through Suez Canal" (Press release). USS Theodore Roosevelt Public Affairs. Navy News Service. NNS051006-10. Archived from the original on 8 February 2007.
  22. ^ "TR CSG Offers OIF Air Support" (Press release). USS Theodore Roosevelt Public Affairs. Navy News Service. 11 October 2005. NNS051011-02. Archived from the original on 7 September 2007.
  23. ^ Catalano, Mark A. (29 July 2006). "Tomcat Chapter Draws to a Close" (Press release). USS Theodore Roosevelt Public Affairs. Navy News Service. NNS060729-02. Archived from the original on 15 September 2006.
  24. ^ Bullock, Matt (9 March 2007). "Theodore Roosevelt Moves to Shipyard" (Press release). USS Theodore Roosevelt Public Affairs. Navy News Service. NNS070309-09. Archived from the original on 20 March 2007.
  25. ^ "JTFEX 08-4 "Operation Brimstone" Flexes Allied Force Training" (Press release). Commander, U.S. 2nd Fleet Public Affairs. Navy News Service. 15 July 2008. NNS080715-21. Archived from the original on 13 August 2008.
  26. ^ Hilley, Monique (26 September 2008). "USS Theodore Roosevelt Deploys in Support of Maritime Security Operations" (Press release). USS Theodore Roosevelt Public Affairs. Navy News Service. NNS080926-19. Archived from the original on 19 September 2009.
  27. ^ "USS Theodore gets green light". OIL. 1 October 2008. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
  28. ^ "Eisenhower Launches OEF Sorties" (Press release). U.S. Naval Forces Central Command Public Affairs. Navy News Service. 21 March 2009. NNS090321-02. Archived from the original on 22 March 2009. Retrieved 26 May 2012.
  29. ^ "Carrier Returns To Navy Station". The Washington Times. 19 April 2009. p. 7.
  30. ^ "Contracts for Wednesday, 26 August 2009". DefenseLink. U.S. Department of Defense. Archived from the original on 1 September 2009. Retrieved 19 January 2014.
  31. ^
  32. ^ Zeigler, Heath (16 September 2013). "Theodore Roosevelt Completes Flight Deck Certification" (Press release). USS Theodore Roosevelt Public Affairs. Navy News Service. NNS130916-14. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 24 October 2013.
  33. ^ Lindstrom, Kris R. (20 September 2013). "USS Theodore Roosevelt Completes First Underway Replenishment in Four Years" (Press release). USS Theodore Roosevelt Public Affairs. Navy News Service. NNS130920-22. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 24 October 2013.
  34. ^ "X-47B Operates Aboard Theodore Roosevelt" (Press release). USS Theodore Roosevelt Public Affairs. Navy News Service. 10 November 2013. NNS131110-02. Archived from the original on 15 November 2013. Retrieved 14 November 2013.
  35. ^ "Reagan to replace GW in Japan; Roosevelt to San Diego". Navy Times. 15 January 2014. Archived from the original on 15 January 2014. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
  36. ^ Savary, Quentin (4 March 2015). "Le SNA Saphir en entrainement avec l'US navy au large de la Floride" (in French). French Ministry of Defence. Retrieved 6 March 2015.
  37. ^ "Headlines for Thursday, March 12, 2015". U.S. Navy. Archived from the original on 16 March 2015.
  38. ^ LaGrone, Sam (5 March 2015). "Roosevelt Carrier Strike Group to Depart for Middle East on Monday in First NIFC-CA Deployment". USNI News. Archived from the original on 22 September 2015. Retrieved 23 September 2015.
  39. ^ "US aircraft carrier sent to block Iranian arms shipments to Yemen rebels". Fox News. 20 December 2015. Archived from the original on 29 March 2020. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
  40. ^ Torbati, Yeganeh (6 November 2015). "'Hope to see you again': China warship to U.S. destroyer after South China Sea patrol". Reuters. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
  41. ^ Myers, Meghann (23 November 2015). "Carrier Theodore Roosevelt returns from round-the-world deployment". Navy Times. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
  42. ^ "Theodore Roosevelt Carrier Strike Group Departs for Deployment" (Press release). Commander, Carrier Strike Group 9 Public Affairs. Navy News Service. 7 October 2017. NNS171007-02. Archived from the original on 19 October 2017.
  43. ^ LaGrone, Sam (8 November 2017). "UPDATED: 3 U.S. Carrier Strike Groups to Exercise for 4 Days in the Sea of Japan". USNI News. Archived from the original on 12 December 2017. Retrieved 11 December 2017.
  44. ^ Guerrero, Terence Deleon (14 May 2019). "USS Theodore Roosevelt Participates in Exercise Northern Edge 2019" (Press release). USS Theodore Roosevelt (CVN 71) Public Affairs. Navy News Service. NNS190514-11. Archived from the original on 14 May 2019. Retrieved 14 May 2019.
  45. ^ Nguyen, Dong (5 March 2020). "US aircraft carrier visits Vietnam, second in two years". VnExpress. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
  46. ^ Dyer, Andrew (11 July 2021). "Aircraft Carrier Theodore Roosevelt leaving San Diego as Navy moves to integrate F-35". San Diego Union Tribune. Retrieved 11 July 2021.
  47. ^ Lin, Peiyu (17 March 2023). "USS Theodore Roosevelt departs Bremerton for San Diego after 18-month overhaul". Kitsap Sun. Retrieved 17 March 2023.
  48. ^ Wilson, Alex (16 January 2024). "USS Theodore Roosevelt quietly departs San Diego for Western Pacific patrol, report says Read more at: https://www.stripes.com/branches/navy/2024-01-15/navy-deploys-theodoore-roosevelt-carrier-12686966.html Source - Stars and Stripes". Stars and Stripes. Retrieved 23 October 2024. {{cite news}}: External link in |title= (help)
  49. ^ Cenciotti, David (5 May 2024). "USS Theodore Roosevelt Aircraft Carrier Completes Its 250,000th Trap Landing". The Aviationist. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  50. ^ Mongilio, Heather; LaGrone, Sam (21 June 2024). "UPDATED: USS Dwight D. Eisenhower Now in the Med, USS Theodore Roosevelt Heads to the Middle East". USNI News. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  51. ^ India, U. S. Mission (15 July 2024). "The Theodore Roosevelt Carrier Strike Group Conducts Joint Maritime Activity with Indian Forces". U.S. Embassy & Consulates in India. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
  52. ^ Deshpande, Smruti (15 July 2024). "Indian Navy, US's Theodore Roosevelt Carrier Strike Group conduct joint exercise in Indian Ocean". ThePrint. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
  53. ^ "India – US defence collaboration: Theodore Roosevelt Carrier Strike Group, Indian Navy conduct joint activity". Financialexpress. 15 July 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
  54. ^ Mongilio, Heather (15 October 2024). "USS Theodore Roosevelt Returns to San Diego Following Deployment to Indo-Pacific, Middle East". USNI News. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  55. ^ Vanden Brook, Tom (24 March 2020). "Three sailors from USS Theodore Roosevelt have coronavirus, raising concerns about pandemic's strain on military". USA Today. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
  56. ^ a b Peniston, Bradley (31 March 2020). "US Navy Evacuating Aircraft Carrier Infected by Coronavirus". Defense One. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
  57. ^ Gains, Mosheh; Griffith, Janelle (26 March 2020). "Coronavirus outbreak diverts Navy aircraft carrier to Guam, all 5,000 aboard to be tested". NBC News. Retrieved 26 March 2020.
  58. ^ How an outbreak on the USS Roosevelt became a defining moment for the U.S. military. The Washington Post, 16 April 2020
  59. ^ Gafni, Matthias; Garofoli, Joe (31 March 2020). "Exclusive: Captain of aircraft carrier with growing coronavirus outbreak pleads for help from Navy". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 31 March 2020.
  60. ^ Crozier, B. E. (30 March 2020). "Request for Assistance in Response to COVID-19 Pandemic" (PDF). Retrieved 4 April 2020.
  61. ^ [58][59][60]
  62. ^ a b c Kube, Courtney; Gains, Mosheh (2 April 2020). "Navy relieves captain who raised alarm about coronavirus outbreak on aircraft carrier". NBC News. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
  63. ^ "COMMANDING OFFICER". www.public.navy.mil. Archived from the original on 2 April 2020. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
  64. ^ Cooper, Helene; Schmitt, Eric; Gibbons-Neff, Thomas (7 April 2020). "Acting Navy Secretary Resigns After Outcry Over Criticism of Virus-Stricken Crew". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
  65. ^ Borger, Julian (7 April 2020). "US navy official apologises for calling captain behind coronavirus memo 'naive or stupid'". The Guardian. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
  66. ^ Bennett, John T. (7 April 2020). "Navy Secretary resigns after calling fired captain behind coronavirus letter 'stupid' and 'naive'". The Independent. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
  67. ^ a b Seligman, Lara (13 April 2020). "Sailor from USS Theodore Roosevelt dies of coronavirus". Politico.
  68. ^ "Navy, CDC to Study COVID-19 Outbreak on Carrier Theodore Roosevelt". USNI News. 17 April 2020.
  69. ^ "Navy Sailor Assigned to USS Theodore Roosevelt Dies of COVID-Related Complications". www.navy.mil. Archived from the original on 16 May 2020. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
  70. ^ Lamothe, Dan; Boburg, Shawn (16 April 2020). "How an outbreak on the USS Theodore Roosevelt became a defining moment for the U.S. military". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
  71. ^ a b Megan Eckstein (3 July 2020) Navy Identifies Chief Who Died Aboard USS Theodore Roosevelt The Aviation Electronics Technician Chief Petty Officer who died 2 July 2020 had consistently tested negative for Covid-19
  72. ^ [67][69][70][71]
  73. ^ a b c d Seligman, Lara (21 April 2020). "Sailors keep testing positive on aircraft carrier, despite 2-week isolation". Politico.
  74. ^ Dyer, Andrew (17 April 2020). "Seven carrier sailors in hospital with COVID-19 as Navy seeks 1,000 crew volunteers for study". San Diego Union Tribune. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
  75. ^ Phil Stewart, Idrees Ali (16 April 2020). "Coronavirus clue? Most cases aboard U.S. aircraft carrier are symptom-free". Reuters. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. The findings are of enormous interest because the proportion of people who are asymptomatic is just simply not known
  76. ^ "USS Theodore Roosevelt's Clean Fight". www.navy.mil. 16 April 2020.
  77. ^ Public Affairs, USS Theodore Roosevelt (24 April 2020). "Theodore Roosevelt Sailors volunteer to support public health outbreak investigation". www.cpf.navy.mil. Archived from the original on 29 April 2020. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
  78. ^ "U.S. Navy COVID-19 Updates". Navy Live.
  79. ^ Baldor, Lolita C. (28 April 2020). "Sailors head back to aircraft carrier hit by virus outbreak". ABC News. Associated Press.
  80. ^ "USS Theodore Roosevelt back at sea after coronavirus outbreak". Fox News. Associated Press. 20 May 2020. Retrieved 21 May 2020.
  81. ^
  82. ^ Command Home: USS Theodore Roosevelt (CVN 71) Archived 6 September 2018 at the Wayback Machine"USS Theodore Roosevelt just finished dual carrier operations with USS Nimitz (CVN-68). Rear Admirals Verissimo and Kirk shared their thoughts about bringing the two strike groups together. Great to see you "Old Salt," smooth sailing! #IAmNavalAviation #AirPower #SeaPower #TRStrong"
  83. ^ "Scientific Brief: Community Use of Cloth Masks to Control the Spread of SARS-CoV-2". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 10 November 2020.
  84. ^ Kasper MR, Geibe JR, Sears CL, Riegodedios AJ, Luse T, von Thun AM, et al. (17 December 2020). "An Outbreak of Covid-19 on an Aircraft Carrier". New England Journal of Medicine. 383 (25): 2417–2426. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2019375. PMC 7675688. PMID 33176077.
  85. ^ Benigni, Jessica (5 March 2003). "America's Big Stick Wins 2nd straight Ney Award" (Press release). USS Theodore Roosevelt Public Affairs. Navy News Service. NNS030304-15. Archived from the original on 30 August 2007.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to USS Theodore Roosevelt (CVN-71).
Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya